View source for Sulfur chloride pentafluoride

{{chembox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| Name = Sulfur chloride pentafluoride
| verifiedrevid =
| Reference =
| ImageFileL1 =SF5Cl.png
| ImageSizeL1 = 130
| ImageAltL1 = Skeletal formula of sulfur chloride pentafluoride
| ImageFileR1 = Sulfur chloride pentafluoride molecule ball.png
| ImageSizeR1 = 110
| ImageAltR1 = Ball-and-stick model of the sulfur chloride pentafluoride molecule
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames = Pentafluorochlorosulfanyl
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations =
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|changed|??}}
| CASNo = 13780-57-9
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = T36C2GHD3T
| EINECS =
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 109933
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/ClF5S/c1-7(2,3,4,5)6
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = GSYNTTDHMKSMFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| PubChem = 123330
| SMILES = ClS(F)(F)(F)(F)F
| InChI =
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = {{chem2|SF5Cl}}
| MolarMass = 162.510 g/mol
| Appearance = Colorless gas
| Density = 6.642 g/dm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPtC = -64
| BoilingPtC = -19}}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = Toxic
| HPhrases =
| PPhrases =
| GHS_ref =
}}
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunction_label =
| OtherFunction =
}}
}}
'''Sulfur chloride pentafluoride''' is an [[inorganic compound]] with the formula {{chem2|SF5Cl}}. It exists as a colorless gas at room temperature and is highly toxic, like most inorganic compounds containing the pentafluorosulfide (–{{chem2|SF5}}) functional group.<ref name=Nyman>Nyman, F., Roberts, H. L., Seaton, T. "Sulfur Chloride Pentafluoride" Inorganic Syntheses, 1966, Volume 8, p. 160. {{doi|10.1002/9780470132395.ch42}}</ref> The compound adopts an octahedral geometry with {{chem|C|4v}} symmetry. Sulfur chloride pentafluoride is the only commercially available reagent for adding the –{{chem2|SF5}} group to organic compounds.<ref name="multiple" /><ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1021/cr500336u|title=Preparation and Utility of Organic Pentafluorosulfanyl-Containing Compounds|year=2015|last1=Savoie|first1=Paul R.|last2=Welch|first2=John T.|journal=Chemical Reviews|volume=115|issue=2|pages=1130–1190|pmid=25341449}}</ref>
==Reactivity==
{{chem2|SF5Cl}} is highly reactive and toxic. In contrast, [[sulfur hexafluoride]] ({{chem2|SF6}}) is inert and nontoxic despite having a closely related chemical formula. This difference highlights the [[lability]] of the S–Cl bond in {{chem2|SF5Cl}}.
Under [[free-radical]] conditions, {{chem2|SF5Cl}} adds across double bonds. The following reaction occurs with [[propene]]:
:{{chem|CH|3|CH{{=}}CH|2}} + {{chem|SF|5|Cl}} → CH<sub>3</sub>CHClCH<sub>2</sub>SF<sub>5</sub>
The addition reaction is catalyzed by [[triethylborane|{{chem2|(CH3CH2)3B}}]] at around −30&nbsp;°C. {{chem2|SF5Br}} is used similarly.<ref name="multiple">{{cite journal | author = Dolbier, William R.| title = A convenient and efficient method for incorporation of pentafluorosulfanyl (SF<sub>5</sub>) substituents into aliphatic compounds | journal = Journal of Fluorine Chemistry | year = 2006 | volume = 127 | issue = 10 | pages = 1302–10|doi = 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.05.003|display-authors=etal}}</ref>
{{chem2|SF5Cl}} is also a precursor to O(SF<sub>5</sub>)<sub>2</sub> and F<sub>2</sub>NSF<sub>5</sub> (from [[tetrafluorohydrazine]]).
==Synthesis==
Sulfur chloropentafluoride can be synthesized by several routes, starting from two lower sulfur fluorides, [[sulfur tetrafluoride]] and [[disulfur decafluoride]]:<ref name=Nyman/>
:{{chem2|SF4 + Cl2  +  CsF  → SF5Cl + CsCl}}
:{{chem2|ClF + SF4 → SF5Cl}}
:{{chem2|S2F10 + Cl2 → 2 SF5Cl}}
The corresponding {{chem|SF|5|Br}} is prepared similarly from in-situ generated [[bromine monofluoride]].<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1016/S0022-1139(98)00094-3|title=An Improved and Facile Preparation of SF<sub>5</sub>Br|year=1998|last1=Winter|first1=Rolf|last2=Terjeson|first2=Robin J.|last3=Gard|first3=Gary L.|journal=Journal of Fluorine Chemistry|volume=89|pages=105–106}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Sulfur chlorides]]
[[Category:Sulfur fluorides]]