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{{Short description|Flag carrier of Romania}}
{{Redirect|Tarom}}
{{Distinguish|Taron Avia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox airline
| airline          = TAROM — Romanian Air Transport<br><small>''TAROM — Transporturile Aeriene Române''</small>
| logo             = TAROM Logo (blue).svg
| IATA             = RO
| ICAO             = ROT
| callsign         = TAROM
| founded          = {{start date and age|1920|01|01|df=yes|br=y}}<br />(as [[CFRNA]])
| commenced        = {{start date and age|1954|09|18|df=yes|br=y}}<br />(as ''TAROM''){{Sfnp|Balotescu et al.|1984|p=440}}
| aoc              = RO-001<ref name="aoc">{{cite web |title=OPERATORI AERIENI ROMÂNI CERTIFICAŢI/AUTORIZAŢI ROMANIAN CERTIFIED/AUTHORIZED AIR OPERATORS 27.05.2022 |url=https://www.caa.ro/uploads/pages/RegOPS.pdf |website=AUTORITATEA AERONAUTICĂ CIVILĂ ROMÂNĂ |access-date=12 February 2023 |language=ro |date=27 May 2022}}</ref>
| headquarters     = [[Otopeni]], [[Ilfov County]], [[Romania]]
| key_people       = Costin Iordache (acting [[Chief executive officer|CEO]])<ref>[https://observatornews.ro/eveniment/cine-este-costin-iordache-noul-director-tarom-ce-companii-a-condus-in-trecut-505388.html Who is Costin Iordachem, the new CEO of TAROM], observator, 04 January 2023. Retrieved on 4 May 2023.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-09 |title=Directorul general al Tarom, George Barbu, și-a dat demisia |trans-title=The CEO of Tarom, George Barbu, has resigned |url=https://www.economica.net/directorul-general-al-tarom-george-barbu-i-a-dat-demisia_185642.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200609183209/https://www.economica.net/directorul-general-al-tarom-george-barbu-i-a-dat-demisia_185642.html |archive-date=2020-06-09 |access-date=2020-06-09 |website=ECONOMICA.net |language=ro |df=dmy-all}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-06-09 |title=Directorul TAROM a demisionat. George Barbu ocupa funcția din octombrie 2019 |trans-title=The CEO of Tarom has resigned. George Barbu had been occupying the function since October 2019 |url=https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/economie/transporturi/directorul-tarom-a-demisionat-george-barbu-ocupa-functia-din-octombrie-2019-1320572 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200609182451/https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/economie/transporturi/directorul-tarom-a-demisionat-george-barbu-ocupa-functia-din-octombrie-2019-1320572 |archive-date=2020-06-09 |access-date=2020-06-09 |website=Digi24 |language=ro |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
| hubs             = [[Bucharest Henri Coandă International Airport]]<ref>[https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/airline/RO ch-aviation.com - Tarom] retrieved 5 April 2022</ref>
| focus_cities     =
| frequent_flyer   = [[KLM#Flying Blue|Flying Blue]]
| alliance         = [[SkyTeam]]
| fleet_size       = 14
| destinations     = 28<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/airline/RO | title=TAROM on ch-aviation | website=ch-aviation.com | publisher= | access-date=21 November 2023}}</ref>
| revenue          = {{increase}} 315 million € (2019)
| operating_income = {{decrease}} -35.8 million € (2019) (estimated)<ref name="conturi" />
| website          = {{URL|www.tarom.ro/en}}
| image            =
| parent           =
| num_employees    =
| caption          =
}}
'''TAROM''' ({{IPA|ro|taˈrom}}; legally ''Compania Națională de Transporturi Aeriene Române TAROM S.A.'') is the [[flag carrier]] and oldest currently operating [[airline]] of [[Romania]], based in [[Otopeni]] near Bucharest. Its headquarters and its main hub are at [[Henri Coandă International Airport]]. It is currently the first and largest airline operating in Romania based on international destinations, international flights and the second-largest measured by fleet size and passengers carried.
The brand name is an [[acronym]] for {{langx|ro|'''T'''ransporturile '''A'''eriene '''Rom'''âne}} (Romanian Air Transport). Over ninety-seven percent (97.22%) of TAROM is owned by the [[Government of Romania|Romanian Government]] (Ministry of Transport). The airline transported almost 2.75 million passengers in 2018, with an average load factor of 74%. The airline joined [[SkyTeam]] on 25 June 2010.
==History==
[[File:StampRomania1928Michel336.jpg|thumb|right|A photo of a [[Blériot-SPAD S.46]] on an [[airmail stamp]].]]
[[File:BAC 1-11 424 YR-BCF Tarom LAP 21.08.71 edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|A TAROM [[BAC One-Eleven|BAC 1-11]] at [[Heathrow Airport|London Heathrow Airport]] in 1971.]]
[[File:Tupolev Tu-154B YR-TPC Tarom Vienna 07.05.77.jpg|thumb|A TAROM [[Tupolev Tu-154#Variants|Tupolev Tu-154B]] at [[Vienna International Airport|Vienna Airport]] in 1977.]]
[[File:Airbus A310-325, Tarom - Romanian Air Transport JP6328663.jpg|thumb|right|A TAROM [[Airbus A310#A310-300|Airbus A310-300]] in 2008.]]
[[File:TAROM, YR-ATC, ATR 42-500 (22441783343).jpg|thumb|A former TAROM [[ATR 42-500]] wearing the [[SkyTeam]] special livery.]]
[[File:Tarom Romania Boeing 737-700 YR-BGG (42346425181).jpg|thumb|60th anniversary livery on a TAROM Boeing 737-700. The same aircraft had been used to promote the airline's 55th jubilee.]]
===The beginnings===
The history of the Romanian National Air Transport Company can be traced back to 1920, when [[CFRNA]] - (''French-Romanian Company for Air Navigation'') was founded.<ref name="history">{{Cite web |title=History - tarom.ro |url=https://www.tarom.ro/en/about-us/tarom-company/history/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421012925/http://www.tarom.ro/en/about-us/tarom-company/history/ |archive-date=21 April 2017 |access-date=25 May 2017 |website=www.tarom.ro}}</ref><ref name="about">{{Cite web |title=TAROM supports the training of future specialists in aviation |url=https://www.tarom.ro/en/about-us/news-and-media/press-releases/details.html?news=414 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624074245/https://www.tarom.ro/en/about-us/news-and-media/press-releases/details.html?news=414 |archive-date=24 June 2016 |access-date=25 May 2017 |website=www.tarom.ro}}</ref> On 13 April 1920, the company registered its headquarters at 194 Rue Rivoli, in Paris. A decree issued on 26 April 1920 establishes ''Direcțiunea Aviației'' (The Directorate of Aviation), in the subordination of the Ministry of Communications. In the same year, the Kingdom of Romania offered CFRNA exploitation rights. The country offered the airline two aerodromes: one in Arad, and another one in [[Aurel Vlaicu International Airport|Bucharest–Băneasa]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Iliescu |first=Silvia |date=2018-07-13 |title=Stârnind văzduhul… – "La Franco-Roumaine, mama-mare a lui Air France" |trans-title=Fostering the sky… – "La Franco-Roumaine, the big mother of Air France" |url=http://www.rador.ro/2018/07/13/starnind-vazduhul-la-franco-roumaine-mama-mare-a-lui-air-france/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809103105/http://www.rador.ro/2018/07/13/starnind-vazduhul-la-franco-roumaine-mama-mare-a-lui-air-france/ |archive-date=2018-08-09 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Agenția de presă RADOR|RADOR]] |language=ro}}</ref> The airline used French-built [[Potez 15]] aircraft for its passenger/mail service between [[Paris]] and [[Bucharest]] via several cities in [[Central Europe]]. In 1925, the city of [[Galați]] became the first destination in Romania served by regular flights followed, from 24 June 1926, by an extended service to [[Iași]] and [[Chișinău]]. Ten [[Airco DH.9|de Havilland DH.9]] and five [[Ansaldo A.300]], in addition to the Potez aircraft, operated the service.
In 1928 the airline changed its name to SNNA (''Serviciul Național de Navigație Aeriană'', The National Service of Air Navigation). On 9 July 1930, the company adopted the name {{ill|LARES Airlines|lt=LARES|ro|LARES}}<ref name="RADOR">{{Cite web |last=Iliescu |first=Silvia |date=2015-07-09 |title=L.A.R.E.S., "Patru avioane, patru linii, patru piloți…" |trans-title=L.A.R.E.S., "Four planes, four lines, four pilots…" |url=http://www.rador.ro/2015/07/09/l-a-r-e-s-patru-avioane-patru-linii-patru-piloti/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001110811/http://www.rador.ro/2015/07/09/l-a-r-e-s-patru-avioane-patru-linii-patru-piloti/ |archive-date=2015-10-01 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Agenția de presă RADOR|RADOR]] |language=ro}}</ref>{{Sfnp|Balotescu et al.|1984|p=240}} (''Liniile Aeriene Române Exploatate de Stat'', Romanian Airlines Operated by the State) while 20 July 1937<ref name=RADOR /> saw the merger of LARES with its competitor, {{ill|SARTA Airlines|lt=SARTA|ro|SARTA}} (''Societatea Anonimă Română de Transporturi Aeriene'').<ref name=RADOR /><ref name="interbelic">{{Cite web |last=Mulder |first=Rob |date=2010-06-17 |title=Airline companies in Rumania (1918-1945) |url=https://www.europeanairlines.no/airline-companies-in-rumania-1918-1945/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415061241/http://www.europeanairlines.no/airline-companies-in-rumania-1918-1945/ |archive-date=2014-04-15 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=Europeanairlines.no}}</ref>{{Sfnp|Balotescu et al.|1984|p=243}}
===Post-World War II===
Immediately after [[World War II]], in 1945, when the [[Soviet Union]] had extended its influence across Eastern Europe, a new reorganization replaced LARES with TARS (''Transporturi Aeriene Româno-Sovietice''),{{Sfnp|Balotescu et al.|1984|p=439}}<ref name="about" /> jointly owned by the governments of Romania and the Soviet Union. Domestic operations were started from Bucharest ([[Aurel Vlaicu International Airport|Băneasa Airport]]) on 1 February 1946, when TARS took overall air services and aircraft from LARES.<ref name="interbelic" />
Over the following decade, the company's Soviet share was purchased by the Romanian government and, on 18 September 1954, the airline adopted the name of TAROM (''Transporturi Aeriene Române'', Romanian Air Transport).{{Sfnp|Balotescu et al.|1984|p=440}} By 1960, TAROM was flying to a dozen cities across Europe. 1966 saw the operation of its first transatlantic flight. On 14 May 1974, it launched a regular service to [[New York City]] ([[John F. Kennedy International Airport]]).
Being part of the regional group of airlines within [[Eastern Bloc]] states meant that for much of its history TAROM has operated Soviet-designed aircraft. These included [[Lisunov Li-2]]s, [[Ilyushin Il-14]]s, [[Ilyushin Il-18]] long-range turboprops, [[Ilyushin Il-62]] long-range jet airliners, [[Antonov An-24]] regional turboprops, and [[Tupolev Tu-154]] medium-range tri-jets. As was the case with several other nations, the Il-62 was the first long-range jet airliner to be put into operation by Romania, in 1973. Five examples (three Il-62s and two later version Il-62Ms) were owned by TAROM, which also leased the aircraft to other operators.
An exception to Soviet-built aircraft was made in 1968, when TAROM bought six [[BAC One-Eleven]] 400s<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 1968 |title=Communist International Civil Air Activities in the Free World Since 1965 |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP85T00875R001600010078-5.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170124001802/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP85T00875R001600010078-5.pdf |archive-date=2017-01-24 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=CIA |page=14}}</ref> for European and Middle Eastern destinations, and in 1974 when it acquired [[Boeing 707]] aircraft to share its long-haul operations with the Il-62. Plans were made to acquire [[Vickers VC10]] aircraft as well, but in the end, the Soviets did not allow it, and made them buy the Il-62 instead.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Henderson |first1=Scott |title=Silent Swift Superb: The Story of the Vickers VC10 |last2=Walker |first2=Timothy |date=1998 |publisher=SCOVAL Publishing Ltd. |isbn=9781902236025 |location=Newcastle upon Tyne}}</ref> With 59 aircraft in operation, in the late 1970s, TAROM had the largest fleet in the Eastern Bloc, after [[Aeroflot]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stroud |first=Michael |date=1978-04-22 |title=1978 Flight World Airline Directory |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200623.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630131019/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200623.html |archive-date=2016-06-30 |archive-format=PDF |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=[[Flight International]] |format=PDF |issn=0015-3710}}</ref>
In 1978, a contract was signed with the UK enabling Rombac to manufacture the BAC One Eleven at [[Romaero]], near Bucharest. Meanwhile, the 707 and Il-62 long-range aircraft were operating to New York (via Amsterdam, later London and finally Vienna), Abu Dhabi-Bangkok-Singapore, and Karachi-Beijing. TAROM was the only Eastern Bloc airline to operate flights to [[Tel Aviv]], Israel.
===The 1990s===
After the [[Romanian Revolution|collapse of the communist regime]] in 1989, the airline, operating a fleet of 65 aircraft of six basic types, was able to acquire more Western-built jets.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 1990 |title=Airbus beats Boeing in Tarom update |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1990/1990%20-%201875.PDF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630111310/https://www.flightglobal.com/FlightPDFArchive/1990/1990%20-%201875.PDF |archive-date=2016-06-30 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=[[Flight International]] |issn=0015-3710}}</ref> In 1992, TAROM bought 3 Airbus A310 planes, nicknamed: "Transilvania" (YR-LCA),<ref>{{Cite web |last=Străuț |first=Dan |date=2016-10-30 |title=TAROM a renunțat la ultimul avion Airbus A310 din lotul cumpărat în 1992 |trans-title=TAROM has given up on its last Airbus A310 plane from the lot bought in 1992 |url=https://www.mediafax.ro/economic/tarom-a-renuntat-la-ultimul-avion-airbus-a310-din-lotul-cumparat-in-1992-15883394 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031150604/https://www.mediafax.ro/economic/tarom-a-renuntat-la-ultimul-avion-airbus-a310-din-lotul-cumparat-in-1992-15883394 |archive-date=2016-10-31 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Mediafax]] |language=ro}}</ref> "Moldova" (YR-LCB)<ref name="Băse">{{Cite web |last=Etveș |first=Ștefan |date=2016-09-20 |title=Ultima aeronavă cu care s-a plimbat Băsescu ruginește pe platforma aeroportului Henri Coandă |trans-title=The last aircraft with which Băsescu went on trips is rusting on the Henri Coandă airport's platform |url=https://www.capital.ro/ultima-aeronava-cu-care-s-a-plimbat-basescu-rugineste-pe-platforma-aeroportului-henri-coanda.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160920124331/https://www.capital.ro/ultima-aeronava-cu-care-s-a-plimbat-basescu-rugineste-pe-platforma-aeroportului-henri-coanda.html |archive-date=2016-09-20 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=Capital |language=ro}}</ref> and "Muntenia" (YR-LCC).<ref name="Balotești">{{Cite web |last=Gavrilă |first=Alina |date=2008-03-31 |title=Drama echipajului, la puterea a treia |trans-title=The crew's drama, to the third power |url=https://jurnalul.ro/special-jurnalul/drama-echipajului-la-puterea-a-treia-121069.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526031204/https://jurnalul.ro/special-jurnalul/drama-echipajului-la-puterea-a-treia-121069.html |archive-date=2015-05-26 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=Jurnalul Național |language=ro}}</ref> By 1993, TAROM had introduced long-haul flights to [[Montreal]] and [[Bangkok]] using Ilyushin Il-62 and [[Airbus A310]] aircraft. The YR-LCC Airbus A310 joined TAROM's fleet on 10 April 1994,<ref name="pensie">{{Cite web |last=Bobon |first=Gabriel |date=2016-09-12 |title=Adio YR-LCB! Al doilea Airbus A310 din flota TAROM a fost "pensionat" astăzi |trans-title=Goodbye YR-LCB! The second Airbus A310 from the TAROM fleet has been "retired" today |url=https://boardingpass.ro/adio-yr-lcb-al-doilea-airbus-a310-din-flota-tarom-a-fost-pensionat-astazi/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507003517/https://boardingpass.ro/adio-yr-lcb-al-doilea-airbus-a310-din-flota-tarom-a-fost-pensionat-astazi/ |archive-date=2018-05-07 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=BoardingPass.ro}}</ref> to then [[TAROM Flight 371|crash near Balotești]] on 31 March 1995.<ref name="Balotești"/>
During the 1990s, TAROM replaced its long-haul fleet of Boeing 707s and IL-62s with [[Airbus A310]]s (the last Il-62 being sold in 1999).
===2000s and 2010s===
TAROM is recovering from a difficult period that began in the 1990s when losses of up to $68 million per year were registered, caused by unprofitable routes. At the beginning of the new millennium, the airline initiated a programme that was aimed at restoring profitability. This was achieved by terminating loss-making intercontinental services. In 2001, the airline cancelled its non-profitable long-haul services to Bangkok and Montreal and also terminated services to its remaining intercontinental destinations of [[Chicago]] in 2002, and [[Beijing]] and New York City in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-03-23 |title=Central European (CE) carriers abandon many long-haul routes; Delta, LOT leading long-haul airlines at CE airports |url=http://www.anna.aero/2010/03/23/central-european-ce-carriers-abandon-many-long-haul-routes/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327134005/https://www.anna.aero/2010/03/23/central-european-ce-carriers-abandon-many-long-haul-routes/ |archive-date=2010-03-27 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=anna.aero}}</ref> TAROM terminated loss-making domestic services to [[Craiova]], [[Tulcea]], [[Caransebeș]], and [[Constanța]], and focused its activity on service to key destinations in Europe and the Middle East. TAROM has decided to focus its operations on Bucharest ([[Henri Coandă International Airport]]) (OTP) and [[Cluj International Airport|Cluj-Napoca International Airport]] (CLJ), and initiated direct international flights from [[Sibiu International Airport]]. 2004 was the first profitable year of the last decade.<ref name="profit">{{Cite web |date=2005-06-05 |title=După profit operațional anul trecut, Tarom este cu jumătate de aripă în SkyTeam |trans-title=After operating profit last year, Tarom is half a wing into SkyTeam |url=https://www.zf.ro/companii/dupa-profit-operational-anul-trecut-tarom-este-cu-jumatate-de-aripa-in-skyteam-3022171 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817004238/https://www.zf.ro/companii/dupa-profit-operational-anul-trecut-tarom-este-cu-jumatate-de-aripa-in-skyteam-3022171 |archive-date=2020-08-17 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=Ziarul Financiar |language=ro}}</ref> By 2005, TAROM tried selling its A310 fleet three times, which was being preserved since 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Purdea |first=Iohanna Onaca |date=2005-08-03 |title=Tarom, pusă să-și taie aripile transoceanice |trans-title=Tarom, forced to cut its transoceanic wings |url=https://jurnalul.ro/special-jurnalul/tarom-pusa-sa-si-taie-aripile-transoceanice-40092.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526031033/https://jurnalul.ro/special-jurnalul/tarom-pusa-sa-si-taie-aripile-transoceanice-40092.html |archive-date=2015-05-26 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=Jurnalul Național |language=ro}}</ref>
A fleet upgrade programme started in 2006 with the acquisition of four [[Airbus A318]]s, three [[Boeing 737 Next Generation#737-800|Boeing 737-800s]], and two [[ATR 72#ATR 72-500|ATR 72-500s]], which resulted in a fleet increase to 26 by 2009.
From 2003 till 2007, the airline spent €1 million per year to preserve its A310s "Moldova" and "Transilvania". In 2007, TAROM modernized its two Airbus A310 planes at the Airbus plant in Bordeaux. After being reconditioned, the pair was used in medium-haul flights, which were not successful.<ref name="Băse"/>
The airline had a frequent-flyer programme "Smart Miles", which was turned into [[KLM#Flying Blue|Flying Blue]] on 5 June 2010. [[Codeshare agreement|Codeshare]] agreements with foreign partner airlines are in place for several international routes. On 25 June 2010, TAROM joined [[SkyTeam]] as the alliance's thirteenth member.
Starting with November 2012, in accordance with the Romanian state-company legislation, TAROM was led by a private manager, the Belgian Christian Heinzmann occupying the positions of CEO and Accountable Manager until March 2016. During Heinzmann's leadership, the company reduced its financial losses by more than 75%, grew its yearly passenger number to a record 2.4 million and stabilised its load-factor around 70%. However, broad reforms like the fleet renewal and harmonisation, as well as the establishment of profit centers such as the TAROM Maintenance and TAROM Charter services, were not accomplished due to a constant lack of a decision from the company's board of administrators.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Melenciuc |first=Sorin |date=2016-03-21 |title=INTERVIU: Heinzmann: Am avut la Tarom doar pălărie de manager privat, dar nicio putere. Angajații își iau concedii medicale și lucrează în altă parte |trans-title=INTERVIEW: Heinzmann: I only had a private manager hat at Tarom, but no power. The employees are taking sick leaves and working elsewhere |url=https://www.news.ro/economic/interviu-heinzmann-am-avut-la-tarom-doar-palarie-de-manager-privat-dar-nicio-putere-angajatii-isi-iau-concedii-medicale-si-lucreaza-in-alta-parte-1922415721002016032015410977 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=News.ro |language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=News.ro |date=2016-03-21 |title=INTERVIU Heinzmann: Am fost un corp străin la Tarom. Am fost un manager fără putere reală de decizie |trans-title=Heinzmann INTERVIEW: I was a foreign body at Tarom. I was a manager without real decision power |url=https://www.economica.net/interviu-heinzmann-am-fost-un-corp-strain-la-tarom-am-fost-un-manager-fara-putere-reala-de-decizie_116703.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160410215127/https://www.economica.net/interviu-heinzmann-am-fost-un-corp-strain-la-tarom-am-fost-un-manager-fara-putere-reala-de-decizie_116703.html |archive-date=2016-04-10 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=ECONOMICA.net |language=ro}}</ref>
On 12 September<ref name="Băse"/><ref name=pensie /> and 29 October 2016, TAROM retired their remaining two [[Airbus A310#A310-300|Airbus A310-300]]s after final flights from [[Madrid]] to Bucharest. The A310s will be replaced with new smaller aircraft.<ref name="A310retirement">{{Cite web |date=2016-11-01 |title=Romania's Tarom ends A310 operations |url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/50443-romanias-tarom-ends-a310-operations |access-date=2019-07-17 |website=ch-aviation}}</ref> In May 2017, TAROM received its first of two leased [[Boeing 737 Next Generation#737-800|Boeing 737-800]]s.<ref name="737s">{{Cite web |last=Liu |first=Jim |date=2017-05-19 |title=TAROM outlines 737-800 operations from June 2017 |url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/272917/tarom-outlines-737-800-operations-from-june-2017/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523033122/https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/272917/tarom-outlines-737-800-operations-from-june-2017/ |archive-date=2017-05-23 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=Routesonline}}</ref> Another two ex-[[Malaysia Airlines|Malaysian Airlines]] 737-800 were added to the fleet in 2018 and a contract for five [[Boeing 737 MAX#737 MAX 8|Boeing 737 MAX 8]] was signed with deliveries stated to begin in 2023. On 27 December 2019, the Ministry of Transport announced that 9 new [[ATR 72#ATR 72-600|ATR 72-600]] leased from [[Nordic Aviation Capital]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bobon |first=Gabriel |date=2019-06-26 |title=Cele nouă ATR-uri 72 vor fi închiriate de TAROM de la Nordic Aviation Capital |trans-title=The nine ATR 72s will be leased by TAROM from Nordic Aviation Capital |url=https://boardingpass.ro/cele-noua-atr-uri-72-vor-fi-inchiriate-de-tarom-de-la-nordic-aviation-capital/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190710083614/https://boardingpass.ro/cele-noua-atr-uri-72-vor-fi-inchiriate-de-tarom-de-la-nordic-aviation-capital/ |archive-date=2019-07-10 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=BoardingPass.ro |language=ro}}</ref> for a 10 year-period would replace the existent [[ATR 42#ATR 42-500|ATR 42-500]] and [[ATR 72#ATR 72-500|72-500]], manufactured in 1999–2000 and 2009, respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sbîrn |first=Cristina |date=2019-12-27 |title=TAROM semnează pe final de an contractul de leasing pentru 9 avioane ATR, folosite în zborurile interne și regionale. Primele 4 vor veni în februarie 2020 |trans-title=TAROM signs at the end of the year the leasing contract for 9 ATR airplanes, used for internal and regional flights. The first 4 will come in February 2020 |url=https://www.g4media.ro/tarom-semneaza-pe-final-de-an-contractul-pentru-inchirierea-a-9-avioane-atr-folosite-pentru-zborurile-interne-si-regionale-primele-4-vor-veni-in-februarie-2020.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815205005/https://www.g4media.ro/tarom-semneaza-pe-final-de-an-contractul-pentru-inchirierea-a-9-avioane-atr-folosite-pentru-zborurile-interne-si-regionale-primele-4-vor-veni-in-februarie-2020.html |archive-date=2020-08-15 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=G4Media |language=ro}}</ref> TAROM received the first four aircraft in February 2020, with the first one, registered with code YR-ATJ, landing in Bucharest on 18 February 2020, at 2:50 PM [[Eastern European Time|EET]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bobon |first=Gabriel |date=2020-02-18 |title=Foto: primul ATR 72-600 din cele nouă comandate de TAROM a fost livrat |trans-title=Photo: the first ATR 72-600 from the nine ordered by TAROM has been delivered |url=https://boardingpass.ro/foto-primul-atr-72-600-din-cele-noua-comandate-de-tarom-a-fost-livrat/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815205851/https://boardingpass.ro/foto-primul-atr-72-600-din-cele-noua-comandate-de-tarom-a-fost-livrat/ |archive-date=2020-08-15 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=BoardingPass.ro |language=ro}}</ref>
=== 2020s ===
The [[COVID-19 pandemic]] caused TAROM to temporarily cease all scheduled operations from 25 March 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-03-26|title=Ce zboruri sunt anulate în perioada stării de urgență|url=https://www.libertatea.ro/stiri/zboruri-anulate-in-europa-2926987|access-date=2021-10-11|website=Libertatea|language=ro}}</ref> TAROM operated flights for the Romanian Government during the state of emergency, bringing medical equipment from China.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-04-09|title=Un avion Tarom a adus din China o nouă încărcătură de 350.000 de măști medicale FFP2|url=https://www.economica.net/un-avion-tarom-a-adus-din-china-o-noua-incarcatura-de-350-000-de-ma-ti-medicale-ffp2_182603.html|access-date=2021-10-11|website=Economica.net|language=ro}}</ref> After the state of emergency expired, TAROM resumed scheduled operations from May 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zborurile interne, reluate treptat în România. Ce reguli trebuie să respecte pasagerii|url=https://stirileprotv.ro/stiri/actualitate/s-au-reluat-primele-curse-aeriene-in-romania-spre-ce-destinatii-opereaza-companiile.html|access-date=2021-10-11|website=Stirileprotv.ro|language=ro}}</ref> {{Clear}}
In 2021, TAROM's then new [[CEO]] stated that none of the airline's current routes were profitable.<ref>[https://www.aerotelegraph.com/keine-strecke-von-tarom-ist-rentabel aerotelegraph.com] (German) 15 November 2022</ref> In October 2022, it was reported that the operator of [[Henri Coandă International Airport]], TAROM's home base, was considering legal action against the airline over unpaid fees exceeding 10 million Euros, and also might suspend all services for the carrier.<ref>[https://www.romania-insider.com/cnab-recover-claims-tarom-october-2022 romania-insider.com - Bucharest Airport seeks to recover claims from Tarom, insolvency option floated] 27 September 2022</ref>
In November 2024, the European General Court rejected a legal challenge by low-cost carrier Wizz Air against a capital injection provided by the Romanian government to TAROM. The aid, valued at €2 million, was approved by the European Commission as part of efforts to compensate TAROM for losses related to COVID-19 travel restrictions.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tamm |first=Heike |date=2024-11-07 |title=TAROM wins EU court battle as Wizz Air’s challenge against state aid is dismissed |url=https://avitrader.com/2024/11/07/tarom-wins-eu-court-battle-as-wizz-airs-challenge-against-state-aid-is-dismissed/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=AviTrader Aviation News |language=en-GB}}</ref> Wizz Air argued that this financial support violated EU competition laws, but the court affirmed the European Commission’s decision, ruling that the subsidy was in compliance with EU state aid regulations.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tamm |first=Heike |date=2024-11-07 |title=TAROM wins EU court battle as Wizz Air’s challenge against state aid is dismissed |url=https://avitrader.com/2024/11/07/tarom-wins-eu-court-battle-as-wizz-airs-challenge-against-state-aid-is-dismissed/ |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=AviTrader Aviation News |language=en-GB}}</ref>
==Corporate affairs==
===Ownership===
TAROM is a state-owned company, with shareholding structure as follows:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Public interest information |url=https://www.tarom.ro/en/about-us/public-interest-information |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717193201/https://www.tarom.ro/en/about-us/public-interest-information |archive-date=2019-07-17 |access-date=2019-07-17 |website=www.tarom.ro}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto;"
|-
! style="background: #082567; color:white;"| Shareholder
! style="background: #082567; color:white"| Interest
|-
| The Romanian Government (held through the Ministry of Transport)|| style="text-align: right;" |97.22%
|-
| [[Henri Coandă International Airport|Bucharest Airports National Company]]|| style="text-align: right;" |1.46%
|-
| ROMATSA R.A.(Romanian Air Traffic Services Administration)|| style="text-align: right;" |1.24%
|-
| Societatea de Investiții Financiare Muntenia || style="text-align: right;" |0.08%
|-
| style="text-align: center;" | '''Total'''|| style="text-align: right;" |'''100.00%'''
|}
===Business trends===
Figures for recent years are shown below (for years ending 31 December):
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
![[Fiscal year|FY]]
!Turnover<br>([[Euro|€m]])
!Profit<br>(€m)
!Number of<br>employees{{Efn|on average}}
!Number of<br>passengers<br>(m)
!Passenger<br>load factor<br>(%)
!Number of<br>aircraft{{Efn|at year end}}
!References
|-
|2004
|190
|1.4
|
|1.1
|63.6
|16
|<ref name="profit" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-01-29 |title=TAROM adds 11 new routes from Bucharest in a year; LCCs pose growing threat |url=https://www.anna.aero/2010/01/29/tarom-faces-competition-as-liberalisation-brings-lccs-to-romania/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100202010029/https://www.anna.aero/2010/01/29/tarom-faces-competition-as-liberalisation-brings-lccs-to-romania/ |archive-date=2010-02-02 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=anna.aero}}</ref>
|-
|2005
|220
|1.1
|2,289
|1.4
|61.0
|18
|<ref name="ZF">{{Cite web |last1=Tiron |first1=Mirabela |last2=Neagu |first2=Lidia-Ileana |date=2012-01-30 |title=Tarom bifează al patrulea an de pierderi: 2011 a adus o gaură de 58,6 mil. €, iar prognozele până în 2014 arată tot pierderi |trans-title=Tarom marks fourth year of losses: 2011 brought a €58.6 mil. hole, and the forecasts until 2014 are showing losses, as well |url=https://www.zf.ro/companii/tarom-bifeaza-al-patrulea-an-de-pierderi-2011-a-adus-o-gaura-de-58-6-mil-iar-prognozele-pana-in-2014-arata-tot-pierderi-9187249 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131144118/https://www.zf.ro/companii/tarom-bifeaza-al-patrulea-an-de-pierderi-2011-a-adus-o-gaura-de-58-6-mil-iar-prognozele-pana-in-2014-arata-tot-pierderi-9187249 |archive-date=2016-01-31 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=[[Ziarul Financiar]] |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2006
|234
|12.3
|2,333
|1.4
|62.3
|20
|<ref name="ZF" />
|-
|2007
|261
|21.8
|2,338
|1.8
|67.2
|22
|<ref name="ZF" /><ref name="Capital">{{Cite web |last=Smădeanu |first=Ana-Maria |date=2009-03-11 |title=UPDATE: Tarom decretează sfârșitul sticlelor de vin și intră în războiul low-cost |trans-title=UPDATE: Tarom decrees the end of wine bottles and enters the low-cost war |url=https://www.capital.ro/update-tarom-decreteaza-sfarsitul-sticlelor-de-vin-si-intra-in-razboiul-low-cost-117417.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928175056/http://www.capital.ro/detalii-articole/stiri/update-tarom-decreteaza-sfarsitul-sticlelor-de-vin-si-intra-in-razboiul-low-cost-117417.html |archive-date=2011-09-28 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Capital (Romanian magazine)|Capital]] |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2008
|257
|<span style="color:red;">−1.7</span>
|2,471
|1.9
|61.9
|24
|<ref name="ZF" /><ref name="Capital" />
|-
|2009
|193
|<span style="color:red;">−55</span>
|2,517
|1.7
|55.6
|26
|<ref name="ZF" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Diaconu |first=Simona |date=2010-01-04 |title=Pierderi la Tarom |trans-title=Losses at Tarom |url=http://www.evz.ro/articole/detalii-articol/881420/Pierderi-la-Tarom/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100106164625/http://www.evz.ro/articole/detalii-articol/881420/Pierderi-la-Tarom/ |archive-date=2010-01-06 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Evenimentul Zilei]] |language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Grosu |first=Roxana |date=2010-07-27 |title=Bilanțul pieței aviatice la 6 luni |trans-title=The outcome of the aviation market at 6 months |url=https://www.wall-street.ro/slideshow/Turism/89964/Bilantul-pietei-aviatice-la-6-luni.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100830024656/http://www.wall-street.ro/slideshow/Turism/89964/Bilantul-pietei-aviatice-la-6-luni.html |archive-date=2010-08-30 |access-date=2020-08-17 |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2010
|218
|<span style="color:red;">−79</span>
|2,353
|2.2
|60.9
|26
|<ref name="ZF" />
|-
|2011
|279
|<span style="color:red;">−58</span>
|2,200
|2.1
|60.6
|26
|<ref name="ZF" />
|-
|2012
|238
|<span style="color:red;">−54.5</span>
|2,070
|2.1
|66.0
|24
|
|-
|2013
|247
|<span style="color:red;">−29.5</span>
|2,006
|2.1
|65.9
|24
|
|-
|2014
|258
|<span style="color:red;">−25</span>
|1,969
|2.3
|66.0
|24
|<ref name="Economica.net">{{Cite web |last=Ghira |first=Andrada |date=2016-06-02 |title=Tarom a ratat ținta și a zburat pe pierdere și în 2015 |trans-title=Tarom missed its target and flew on loss even in 2015 |url=https://www.economica.net/tarom-a-ratat-tinta-si-a-zburat-pe-pierdere-si-in-2015_120569.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160611031843/http://www.economica.net/tarom-a-ratat-tinta-si-a-zburat-pe-pierdere-si-in-2015_120569.html |archive-date=2016-06-11 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=ECONOMICA.net |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2015
|256
|<span style="color:red;">−6.2</span>
|1,880
|2.3
|70.0
|23
|<ref name="Economica.net" />
|-
|2016
|239
|<span style="color:red;">−10.5</span>
|1,841
|2.4
|68.1
|21
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-01-11 |title=TAROM, CREȘTERE TIMIDĂ A NUMĂRULUI DE PASAGERI ÎN 2016 (VIDEO) |trans-title=TAROM, SHY GROWTH OF ITS PASSENGER NUMBER IN 2016 (VIDEO) |url=http://www.newsair.ro/tarom-crestere-timida-numarului-de-pasageri-2016-video.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170111231932/http://www.newsair.ro/tarom-crestere-timida-numarului-de-pasageri-2016-video.html |archive-date=2017-01-11 |access-date=2017-05-25 |website=NewsAir.ro |language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ghira |first=Andrada |date=7 June 2017 |title=Tarom a înregistrat pierderi de 47 milioane de lei în 2016, iar cifra de afaceri s-a redus cu 5,6% |trans-title=Tarom had registered 47 million lei losses in 2016, 71% larger, and the turnover was reduced by 5.6% |url=https://www.economica.net/tarom-a-inregistrat-pierderi-de-47-milioane-de-lei-in-2016--iar-cifra-de-afaceri-s-a-redus-cu-5-6prc-_138978.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170823113707/http://www.economica.net/tarom-a-inregistrat-pierderi-de-47-milioane-de-lei-in-2016--iar-cifra-de-afaceri-s-a-redus-cu-5-6prc-_138978.html |archive-date=2017-08-23 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=ECONOMICA.net |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2017
|255
|<span style="color:red;">−37.7</span>
|1,776
|2.3
|71.6
|23
|<ref name="tvr2018">{{Cite interview |last=Șova |first=Lucian |interviewer=Claudiu Lucaci |title=Ministrul Transporturilor: 60 de km de autostradă pot fi puși în circulație în acest an. Tarom circulă sub standardul de profitabilitate |url=http://stiri.tvr.ro/ministrul-transporturilor--60-de-km-de-autostrada-pot-fi-pu--i-in-circula--ie-in-acest-an--tarom-circula-sub-standardul-de-profitabilitate_828656.html#view |access-date=2020-08-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180306022800/http://stiri.tvr.ro/ministrul-transporturilor--60-de-km-de-autostrada-pot-fi-pu--i-in-circula--ie-in-acest-an--tarom-circula-sub-standardul-de-profitabilitate_828656.html#view |archive-date=2018-03-06 |url-status=live |work=Ultima Ediție |publisher=SRTV |place=Bucharest |date=2018-03-04}}</ref>
|-
|2018
|306
|<span style="color:red;">−27.5</span>
|1,773
|2.8
|74
|25
|<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tiron |first=Mirabela |date=2019-01-10 |title=Compania aeriană de stat Tarom și-a crescut traficul cu 20% în 2018, la 2,85 milioane de pasageri |trans-title=State airline Tarom increased its traffic by 20% in 2018, to 2.85 million passengers |url=https://www.zf.ro/auto/compania-aeriana-de-stat-tarom-si-a-crescut-traficul-cu-20-in-2018-la-2-85-milioane-de-pasageri-17833942 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2019-01-11 |website=Ziarul Financiar |language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tilică |first=Oana |date=2019-03-07 |editor-last=Marinescu |editor-first=Andreea |editor2-last=Ivașcu |editor2-first=Ady |title=TAROM, creștere cu 25% a afacerilor în ianuarie 2019; numărul de pasageri transportați, plus 17% |trans-title=TAROM, 25% business increase in January 2019; the number of transported passengers, plus 17% |url=https://www.agerpres.ro/economic-intern/2019/03/07/tarom-crestere-cu-25-a-afacerilor-in-ianuarie-2019-numarul-de-pasageri-transportati-plus-17--270608 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=AGERPRES |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|315
|<span style="color:red;">−35.8</span>
|1,750
|3.1
|74.9
|25
|<ref name="conturi">{{Cite web |last=Albu |first=Laura |date=2020-01-02 |title=Compania Tarom estimează pierderi de 171 mil. lei în 2019 și punctează al 12-lea an de când nu a mai fost profitabilă. Metrorex și CFR sunt și ele pe pierdere |trans-title=The Tarom company estimates 171 mil. lei losses and marks 12th year since it hasn't been profitable. Metrorex and CFR are also losing |url=https://www.zf.ro/auto/compania-tarom-estimeaza-pierderi-de-171-mil-lei-in-2019-si-puncteaza-al-12-lea-an-de-cand-nu-a-mai-fost-profitabila-metrorex-si-cfr-sunt-si-ele-pe-pierdere-18683879 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200102190654/https://www.zf.ro/auto/compania-tarom-estimeaza-pierderi-de-171-mil-lei-in-2019-si-puncteaza-al-12-lea-an-de-cand-nu-a-mai-fost-profitabila-metrorex-si-cfr-sunt-si-ele-pe-pierdere-18683879 |archive-date=2020-01-02 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=Ziarul Financiar |language=ro}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|
|<span style="color:red;">−20</span>
|
|
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-26 |title=Romanian state airline Tarom foresees profit in 2024, the first time since 2007 |url=https://www.romania-insider.com/romanian-tarom-foresees-profit-2024 |access-date=2024-10-26 |website=Romania Insider |language=en}}</ref>
|}
===Logo and livery===
[[File:Tarom70s.png|thumb|right|The TAROM logo used in the 1970s and 1980s.]]
[[File:TAROM Logo.svg|thumb|right|The TAROM logo until 2015, infrequent use in publications from 2015.]]
The TAROM logo, representing a [[swallow]] in flight, has been used on all TAROM aircraft since 1954. The 1970s livery had the logo on the tail painted in red, with a red [[Aircraft livery#Cheatline|cheatline]]. The livery introduced in the early 1990s (on the Airbus A310 aircraft) is an overall-white scheme with the titles and the tailfin painted in dark blue. The current colour scheme (introduced in 2006 on the A318) is a slightly modified version of the previous one, with an oversized logo on the tailfin, and the engine pods also painted in dark blue.
All aircraft in the TAROM fleet receive a "name" which is a Romanian [[Toponymy|toponym]]. For instance, the names of the ATR aircraft in the fleet are related to the rivers of Romania, the Boeing aircraft bear names of Romanian cities, the Airbus long-haul aircraft bore Romanian historical province names; while the Airbus A318s bear names of Romanian aviation pioneers.{{citation needed|date=April 2021}}
In 2009, marking the airline's 55th anniversary, a Boeing 737-700 (YR-BGG "Craiova") was painted in a retro jet colour scheme, representing the airline's first livery used in the 1950s on [[Lisunov Li-2]] aircraft.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Radu |first=Sintia |date=2008-12-12 |title=Aeronavă aniversară cu ocazia împlinirii a 55 de ani de la înființarea TAROM (FOTO) |trans-title=Anniversary aircraft with the occasion of reaching 55 years since the establishment of TAROM (PHOTO) |url=https://www.antena3.ro/actualitate/aeronava-aniversara-cu-ocazia-implinirii-a-55-de-ani-de-la-infiintarea-tarom-foto-60111.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214133527/http://www.antena3.ro/stiri/antena3ro/aeronava-aniversara-cu-ocazia-implinirii-a-55-de-ani-de-la-infiintarea-tarom_60111.html |archive-date=2008-12-14 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Antena 3 (Romanian TV channel)|Antena 3]] |language=ro}}</ref>
===TAROM Technical Division===
TAROM's Technical Division provides aircraft maintenance services for the company's entire fleet and aircraft of other companies. It provides maintenance for Boeing 737, ATR 42 and ATR 72 aircraft in central and eastern Europe and include unscheduled and scheduled maintenance, repairs and spare parts.
Major maintenance is performed in the division's hangar, built between 1969 and 1972, with an area of 6,000 m{{sup|2}} and updated in 2000 to comply with [[EASA]] and [[FAA]] standards. The hangar is equipped to perform all types of inspections for TAROM's fleet, and the personnel is qualified and licensed for all types of aircraft in the fleet. The hangar can be used to maintain three to six aircraft, depending on their size. The hangar is equipped with a full MERO system for B737 docking.
The department also has inspection capacity for type C for Airbus A310 and A318 aircraft, total painting, interior cleaning, and modifications.
The technical department also provides safe storage facilities for spare parts and materials necessary for maintenance, dedicated spaces for chemicals, special tools and testing equipment, and quarantine spaces. It also provides conveyance services (packaging, preparation of documents, customs) and acceptance services (customs, disassembly, and reception inspection) for various substances and equipment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Department |url=https://www.tarom.ro/en/services/technical-department/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170719214129/https://www.tarom.ro/en/technical-department |archive-date=2017-07-19 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=www.tarom.ro}}</ref>
In a dispute between TAROM and UK airline [[Jet2.com]] regarding failure to provide adequate maintenance services for Jet2.com's fleet and the latter's resulting failure to pay certain invoices, the [[High Court of Justice|High Court]] in England determined that TAROM's attempt to terminate the contract in 2007 for non-payment was invalid, and treated the termination as a repudiatory [[breach of contract|breach of the contract]]. Jet2.com were awarded damages.<ref>England and Wales High Court (Commercial Court), [https://www.bailii.org/cgi-bin/format.cgi?doc=/ew/cases/EWHC/Comm/2012/622.html Jet2.com Ltd v SC Compania Nationala De Transporturi Aeriene Romane Tarom SA <nowiki>[</nowiki>2012<nowiki>]</nowiki> EWHC 622 (Comm) (15 March 2012)], accessed 13 May 2023</ref>
==Destinations==
{{Main|List of TAROM destinations}}
The airline operates flights to 50 destinations including charter and seasonal services in 22 countries in Europe, the Middle East and Northern Africa including eight domestic destinations.
The airline's flights to the USA ceased in 2003 and are now operated under a codeshare agreement with Air France via Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Harta destinațiilor TAROM |trans-title=TAROM destinations map |url=https://www.tarom.ro/destinatii/harta-destinatiilor/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519223914/https://www.tarom.ro/destinatii/harta-destinatiilor/ |archive-date=2017-05-19 |access-date=2017-05-25 |website=www.tarom.ro |language=ro}}</ref>
===Alliances===
In 2006, TAROM was scheduled to join SkyTeam as an associate member (sponsored by [[Alitalia]]), but its accession was postponed until 2008. On 7 May 2008, SkyTeam signed a SkyTeam Alliance Associate Adherence Agreement (SAAAA) with TAROM. On 22 June 2010, SkyTeam announced that it had renewed its membership program, thereby making TAROM a future full member of the alliance.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=SKYTEAM CELEBRATES TENTH ANNIVERSARY |date=22 June 2010 |publisher=SkyTeam |url=http://www.skyteam.com/news/headlines/20100622.html |access-date=5 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628014029/http://www.skyteam.com/news/headlines/20100622.html |archive-date=28 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> On 25 June 2010, TAROM became a full member of SkyTeam.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=TAROM AIRLINES JOINS SKYTEAM |date=25 June 2010 |publisher=SkyTeam |url=http://www.skyteam.com/news/headlines/20100625.html |access-date=5 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630083621/http://www.skyteam.com/news/headlines/20100625.html |archive-date=30 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
===Codeshare agreements===
TAROM has [[codeshare agreement]]s with the following airlines as of November 2024:<ref>{{Cite web |title=TAROM Partners |url=https://www.tarom.ro/en/partners |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815190947/https://www.tarom.ro/en/partners |archive-date=2020-08-15 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=www.tarom.ro}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Air Europa]]
* [[Air France]]
* [[Air Serbia]]
* [[airBaltic]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Liu |first=Jim |date=23 November 2017 |title=airBaltic / TAROM expands codeshare routes in W17 |work=Routesonline |url=https://www.routesonline.com/news/38/airlineroute/275877/airbaltic-tarom-expands-codeshare-routes-in-w17/ |access-date=23 November 2017}}</ref>
* [[Bulgaria Air]]
* [[ITA Airways]]
* [[KLM]]
* [[Middle East Airlines]]
* [[Turkish Airlines]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bobon |first=Gabriel |date=2020-07-29 |title=Turkish Airlines și TAROM semnează acord de codeshare pe ruta Istanbul – București |trans-title=Turkish Airlines and TAROM sign codeshare agreement on the Istanbul – Bucharest route |url=https://boardingpass.ro/turkish-airlines-si-tarom-semneaza-acord-de-codeshare-pe-ruta-istanbul-bucuresti/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815150555/https://boardingpass.ro/turkish-airlines-si-tarom-semneaza-acord-de-codeshare-pe-ruta-istanbul-bucuresti/ |archive-date=2020-08-15 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=BoardingPass.ro |language=ro}}</ref>
{{Div col end}}
==Fleet==
===Current fleet===
{{As of|2024|11}}, TAROM operates the following aircraft:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boardingpass.ro/tarom-a-obtinut-zece-milioane-de-dolari-din-vanzarea-atr-urilor-42/|title=TAROM has obtained $10m for selling the ATR 42|publisher=boardingpass.ro}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center"
|+ TAROM fleet
|-
! rowspan="2"|Aircraft
! rowspan="2"|In service
! rowspan="2"|Orders
! colspan="3"|Passengers
! rowspan="2"|Notes
|-
! <abbr title="Business class">C</abbr>
! <abbr title="Economy class">Y</abbr>
! Total
|-
|[[ATR 72-500]]
|2
|&mdash;
|&mdash;
|68
|68
|
|-
|[[ATR 72-600]]
|4
|3<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boardingpass.ro/tarom-va-receptiona-in-2023-trei-atr-uri-72-600-si-patru-boeinguri-737-max/|title=TAROM va recepționa în 2023 trei ATR-uri 72-600 și patru Boeinguri 737 MAX|language=ro|date=20 April 2022|publisher=boardingpass.ro}}</ref>
|&mdash;
|72
|72
|
|-
|[[Boeing 737-700]]
|4
|&mdash;
|14
|102
|116
|To be replaced with [[Boeing 737 MAX 8]].<ref name="TAROM puts up 14 airplanes from the">{{cite web|url=https://boardingpass.ro/tarom-scoate-la-vanzare-14-avioane-din-cele-31-pe-care-le-detine/|title=TAROM scoate la vânzare 14 avioane dintre cele 29 pe care le deține|trans-title=TAROM puts up 14 airplanes from the 29 airplanes it owns for sale|language=ro|date=10 April 2021|publisher=boardingpass.ro}}</ref><br/>
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Boeing 737-800]]
|rowspan="2"|4
|rowspan="2"|&mdash;
|16
|144
|160
|rowspan="2"|
|-
|&mdash;
|189
|189
|-
|[[Boeing 737 MAX 8]]
|&mdash;
|7
|colspan="3"|<abbr title="To Be Announced">TBA</abbr>
|Deliveries from August 2025.<ref name=max>{{Cite web |date=30 December 2023 |title=TAROM va primi două Boeinguri 737 MAX în august 2025|url= https://boardingpass.ro/tarom-va-primi-doua-boeinguri-737-max-in-august-2025/|language=ro|publisher=boardingpass.ro}}</ref>
|-
|-
!Total
!14
!10
! colspan="4" |
|}
===Fleet development===
[[File:TAROM A318-100 (YR-ASD) arrives London Heathrow 15Sep2015 arp.jpg|thumb|A former TAROM [[Airbus A318|Airbus A318-100]]]]
[[File:YR-BGK Boeing 737-82R Tarom LHR 17.1.22.jpg|thumb|TAROM [[Boeing 737 Next Generation#737-800|Boeing 737-800]]]]
[[File:YR-ATJ.jpg|thumb|TAROM [[ATR 72|ATR 72-600]] at Bucharest Air Show 2022, wearing a revised livery.]]
==== Short-haul fleet ====
TAROM agreed in 2019 to lease 9 [[ATR 72#ATR 72-600|ATR 72-600]] aircraft from [[Nordic Aviation Capital]] to replace existing [[ATR 42#ATR 42-500|ATR 42-500]] and [[ATR 72#ATR 72-500|ATR 72-500]] aircraft.<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=Turboprops for TAROM |url=https://www.key.aero/article/turboprops-tarom |magazine=Airliner World |volume=August 2019 |page=11 |access-date=2020-08-15}}</ref> In 2021, the order was reduced from 9 to 7 [[ATR 72-600]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Sorin |last2=Rusi |first2=Sorin |date=2021-11-17 |title=Flota TAROM va cuprinde 7 aeronave ATR 72-600 |url=https://airlinestravel.ro/flota-tarom-va-cuprinde-7-aeronave-atr-72-600.html |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=AirlinesTravel.ro - Aviatie si Turism |language=ro-RO}}</ref>
==== Medium-haul fleet ====
After the retiring of [[Airbus A310]]s in 2016, two new [[Boeing 737 Next Generation|Boeing 737-800]] were leased in 2017. In 2018, another two [[Boeing 737 Next Generation|Boeing 737-800]] were leased. Also, at the Farnborough Air Show, the Government of Romania signed a contract to buy 5 [[Boeing 737 MAX|Boeing 737 MAX-8]] at an estimated value of $586 million. As of 2022, TAROM was negotiating with a few leasing companies for 4 to 8 [[Boeing 737 MAX|Boeing 737 MAX-8]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-07-16 |title=Tarom a comandat cinci aeronave Boeing 737 MAX 8, în valoare de 586 milioane dolari |url=https://www.economica.net/tarom-a-comandat-cinci-aeronave-boeing-737-max-8-in-valoare-de-586-milioane-dolari_156072.html |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=Economica.net |language=ro}}</ref> [[Airbus A318]]s and [[Boeing 737 Next Generation|Boeing 737-700s]] are going to be retired soon, while [[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-300s]] were retired in 2021.<ref name="TAROM puts up 14 airplanes from the" />
==== Long-haul fleet ====
TAROM had been planning to lease three widebody aircraft to resume long-haul operations to China and the United States after the withdrawal of its [[Airbus A310]]s. The Request For Proposals (RFP) to leasing firms expired on 31 August 2017.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-08-07 |title=Romania's Tarom issues lease RFP for three widebody jets |url=https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/58409-romanias-tarom-issues-lease-rfp-for-three-widebody-jets |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170811144345/https://www.ch-aviation.com/portal/news/58409-romanias-tarom-issues-lease-rfp-for-three-widebody-jets |archive-date=2017-08-11 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=ch-aviation}}</ref> In 2018, TAROM made efforts to lease some Boeing 787s, but there was no further information.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Doi oficiali TAROM au fost in SUA sa vada doua Boeing-uri 787 Dreamliner |url=https://aeronews.ro/doi-oficiali-tarom-au-fost-in-sua-sa-vada-doua-boeing-uri-787-dreamliner/ |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=aeronews.ro |language=en-US}}</ref>
==== VIP fleet ====
In 2018, the CEO of that time declared that TAROM could operate a legacy aircraft with maximum 10 seats, which could fly over Atlantic, in order to be leased by the [[Government of Romania|Romanian Government]], the [[Klaus Iohannis|Presidential Administration]], for VIP business affairs or in medical emergencies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tarom vrea să cumpere un avion ultra-premium, cu maxim 10 locuri: "Va putea fi închiriat de oamenii de afaceri, dar şi de Guvern ori Preşedinţie" |url=https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-22589466-tarom-vrea-cumpere-avion-ultra-premium-maxim-10-locuri-putea-nchiriat-oamenii-afaceri-dar-guvern-ori-pre-edin.htm |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=www.hotnews.ro |date=27 July 2018 |language=ro}}</ref> There was no further development. Between 2010 and 2013, under the [[Traian Băsescu|Băsescu]] administration, TAROM operated an Airbus A310-300 for presidential purposes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=T. Băsescu: Categoric nu voi mai utiliza o aeronavă TAROM! |url=https://www.digi24.ro/stiri/actualitate/evenimente/t-basescu-categoric-nu-voi-mai-utiliza-o-aeronava-tarom-58997 |access-date=2022-12-15 |website=www.digi24.ro |date=21 March 2013 |language=ro}}</ref>
===Former fleet===
During its history, TAROM also operated the following aircraft types:{{citation needed|date=October 2022}}
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
* [[Airbus A310|Airbus A310-300]]<ref name="A310retirement" />
* [[Airbus A318]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://boardingpass.ro/ultimul-zbor-tarom-operat-cu-un-airbus-sfarsitul-unei-ere/|title=The last flight operated by an Airbus: the end of an era|publisher=boardingpass.ro}}</ref>
* [[Antonov An-2]]
* [[Antonov An-24]]
* [[ATR 42]]
* [[BAC One-Eleven]]
* [[BAC One-Eleven#Rombac production|ROMBAC 1-11]]
* [[Boeing 707]]
* [[Boeing 737-300]]<ref name="LHR">{{cite web |last=Bobon |first=Gabriel |title=EXPLICAȚIE: de ce a început TAROM să își vândă activele? |website=BoardingPass.ro |date=4 October 2024 |url=https://boardingpass.ro/de-ce-a-inceput-tarom-sa-isi-vanda-activele/ |language=ro |access-date=15 October 2024}}</ref>
* [[Boeing 737 Classic#737-500|Boeing 737-500]]
* [[Ilyushin Il-14]]
* [[Ilyushin Il-18]]
* [[Ilyushin Il-62]]
* [[Lisunov Li-2]]
* [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10]]
* [[Mil Mi-4]]
* [[Tupolev Tu-154]]
{{div col end}}
==Incidents and accidents==
* On 4 November 1957, a TAROM [[Ilyushin Il-14|Ilyushin Il-14P]] (YR-PCC) operating a government flight from [[Bucharest]] to [[Moscow]] via Kiev, crashed short of the runway at [[Vnukovo International Airport|Vnukovo Airport]], killing four of 16 on board. The aircraft was on approach to Vnukovo Airport when the pilot noticed that the aircraft was too low, however, the aircraft continued its descent until it struck treetops and later crashed. The aircraft was carrying a Romanian delegation consisting of [[Chivu Stoica]], [[Grigore Preoteasa]], [[Alexandru Moghioroș]], [[Ștefan Voitec]], [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]], [[Leonte Răutu]] and Marin Năstase to Moscow. Preoteasa, who apparently was not wearing a safety belt, and three Soviet crew members lost their lives.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=YR-PCC|id=334364|wikibase=yes}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.baaa-acro.com/crash/crash-ilyushin-ii-14p-moscow-4-killed|title=Crash of an Ilyushin Il-14P in Moscow: 4 killed|website=B3A Archives}}</ref>
* On 24 February 1962 an [[Ilyushin Il-18V]], registration YR-IMB, operating on an international scheduled flight from [[Henri Coandă International Airport|Bucharest Otopeni Airport]] (OTP) to [[Tel Aviv]] via [[Nicosia]] lost power on all four engines and made a [[belly landing]] on a grassy field in Cyprus. While cruising at {{convert|23,000|ft|0}} over the Mediterranean Sea and {{convert|43| mi|nmi km}} offshore, engine number 3 lost power, followed shortly by number 1 and 2. Then, at {{convert|10,000|ft|0}} and {{convert|27|mi|nmi km}} offshore, engine 4 also quit. All 100 occupants survived. The aircraft was transported to Moscow for repairs, but it never re-entered service.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=Ilyushin Il-18V YR-IMB Paphos |id=19620224-0 |accessdate=26 July 2013}}</ref>
* On 16 June 1963, a [[Ilyushin Il-14|VEB 14P]] (YR-ILL) flying from [[Munich-Riem Airport|Munich]] to [[Mihail Kogălniceanu International Airport|Constanța]] entered a dive and crashed near the village of [[Békéssámson]], Hungary following engine problems, killing all 31 on board.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=VEB 14P YR-ILL Békéssámson|id=19630616-0|accessdate=17 August 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Szekeres András |date=2008-06-15 |title=Légikatasztrófa a répaföld felett – az elfelejtett békéssámsoni tragédia |url=https://www.beol.hu/bekes/kek-hirek-bulvar/legikatasztrofa-a-repafold-felett-az-elfelejtett-bekessamsoni-tragedia-152650/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090830064253/https://www.beol.hu/bekes/kek-hirek-bulvar/legikatasztrofa-a-repafold-felett-az-elfelejtett-bekessamsoni-tragedia-152650/ |archive-date=2009-08-30 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=Beol.hu |language=hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Szathmáry István |date=2008-11-17 |title=Úszógumi |url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/archivum/archivum-magyarnemzet/uszogumi-6249161/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817104755/https://magyarnemzet.hu/archivum/archivum-magyarnemzet/uszogumi-6249161/ |archive-date=2020-08-17 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=[[Magyar Nemzet]] |language=hu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-11-02 |title=Békéssámson: a légikatasztrófa emléke |url=http://hir6.hu/cikk/22654/081102_bekessamson_a_legikatasztrofa_emleke |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200817104113/http://hir6.hu/cikk/22654/081102_bekessamson_a_legikatasztrofa_emleke |archive-date=2020-08-17 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=hir6.hu |language=hu}}</ref>
* On 9 October 1964, an [[Ilyushin Il-14|Ilyushin Il-14P]], registration YR-ILB, operating a domestic scheduled flight from [[Timișoara]] to [[Bucharest]] broke up in mid-air and crashed {{convert|2|km|mi nmi|spell=in}} south of [[Cugir]], killing all 31 on board. The aircraft had flown into a strong downdraft; the pilot attempted to maintain altitude, but this caused the fuselage to overstress and break up.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=Ilyushin Il-14P YR-ILB Cugir |id=19641009-0 |accessdate=1 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Țimonea |first=Dorin |date=2019-10-09 |title=FOTO 55 de ani de la catastrofa aeriană de la Cugir. 31 de oameni au murit după prăbuşirea unui avion TAROM |trans-title=PHOTO 55 years from the air catastrophy from Cugir. 31 people died after the crash of a TAROM airplane |url=https://adevarul.ro/locale/alba-iulia/foto-55-ani-catastrofa-aeriana-cugir-31-oameni-murit-prabusirea-unui-avion-tarom-1_5d9e17bf892c0bb0c66cb8a7/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191009230256/https://adevarul.ro/locale/alba-iulia/foto-55-ani-catastrofa-aeriana-cugir-31-oameni-murit-prabusirea-unui-avion-tarom-1_5d9e17bf892c0bb0c66cb8a7/index.html |archive-date=2019-10-09 |access-date=2020-08-17 |website=Adevărul |language=ro}}</ref>
* On 11 August 1966, a [[Lisunov Li-2]], registration YR-TAN, crashed in the [[Lotrioara|Lotrioara Valley]] en route from Brașov to Constanţa, killing all 24 on board.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://baaa-acro.com/crash/crash-lisunov-li-2-lotrioara-24-killed|title=Crash of a Lisunov Li-2 in Lotrioara: 24 killed|website=Bureau of Aircraft Accidents Archives}}</ref>
* On 4 February 1970, [[TAROM Flight 35]], an [[Antonov An-24]], registration YR-AMT, operating a domestic scheduled flight from Bucharest to [[Oradea]] struck the side of a mountain in the Vlădeasa mountain group, killing 20 of 21 on board; although nine survived the crash, eight died in the low temperatures before rescuers reached the crash site. The aircraft began descending too soon in poor visibility until it struck treetops on a mountainside, after which it struck the slope of a second mountain. The aircraft was leased from the Romanian government.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=Antonov An-24V YR-AMT Vlădeasa mountain group |id=19700204-2 |accessdate=1 December 2015}}</ref>
* On 29 December 1974, an [[Antonov An-24]], registration YR-AMD, operating on a domestic scheduled flight from [[Oradea]] to [[Bucharest]] was making an unscheduled stop at [[Sibiu]] and crashed into the side of the Lotrului mountains ({{convert|22|km|mi nmi}} south of Sibiu) at an altitude of {{convert|1,700|m|0}}, killing all 28 passengers and 5 crew members. The crew's incorrect approach procedure execution, which led to the aircraft drifting south off course by {{convert|20|km|mi nmi}}, while the wind was increasing turbulence was present.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=Antonov An-24RV YR-AMD Sibiu Airport (SBZ) |id=19741229-0 |accessdate=5 July 2010}}</ref>
*On 7 August 1980, a [[Tupolev Tu-154#Variants|Tupolev Tu-154B-1]] registered YR-TPH, operating on an international scheduled flight from Bucharest Otopeni Airport to [[Nouadhibou International Airport|Nouadhibou Airport]], [[Mauritania]] ditched in the water {{convert|300|m|ft yd|0}} short of the runway at Nouadhibou Airport. The crew could not see the runway while descending through the {{convert|90|m|adj=on}} decision height. A missed approach procedure was initiated when the pilot felt contact with what he thought was ground but was actually water.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=Tupolev Tu-154B-1 YR-TPH Nouadhibou Airport (NDB) |id=19800807-1 |accessdate=5 July 2010}}</ref> All of the 152 passengers and 16 crew members survived the impact, but a passenger suffered a heart attack and died before he could be rescued. Most of the passengers were sailors who were going to replace the crew of two Romanian ships located on the Mauritanian coast. Many passengers swam to the land, while sharks were kept away by the vibrations of an engine which continued to function for a few hours after the crash.
*On 5 September 1986, an [[Antonov An-24]] registered YR-AMF operating on a domestic scheduled flight from [[Aurel Vlaicu International Airport|Bucharest Băneasa Airport]] touched down nose wheel-first while landing at [[Cluj International Airport|Cluj Airport]]. A fire erupted, killing three crew members who were trapped in the cockpit. The other two crew members and all fifty passengers survived.<ref>{{ASN accident|title=Antonov An-24RV YR-AMF Cluj Airport (CLJ) |id=19860905-1 |accessdate=2 July 2010}}</ref>
*On 28 December 1989, during the [[Romanian Revolution]], an [[Antonov An-24]] flying from Bucharest to [[Belgrade]], carrying ''[[The Sunday Times|Sunday Times]]'' journalist [[Ian Parry|Ian Henry Parry]], was shot down by a missile at [[Vișina, Dâmbovița]]. All the people on board (six crew members and the passenger) died.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 December 2011 |title="Nu înțeleg ce s-a întâmplat? De ce l-au lăsat să plece?". Pilotul Valter Jurcovan a murit la Revoluție în timp ce aducea sânge pentru răniți |trans-title="I don't get what happened? Why did they let him leave?". Pilot Valter Jurcovan died in the Revolution while bringing blood for the injured |url=https://jurnalul.ro/special-jurnalul/nu-inteleg-ce-s-a-intamplat-de-ce-l-au-lasat-sa-plece-pilotul-valter-jurcovan-a-murit-la-revolutie-in-timp-ce-aducea-sange-pentru-raniti-598995.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120822141512/http://www.jurnalul.ro/special/nu-inteleg-ce-s-a-intamplat-de-ce-l-au-lasat-sa-plece-pilotul-valter-jurcovan-a-murit-la-revolutie-in-timp-ce-aducea-sange-pentru-raniti-598995.htm |archive-date=22 August 2012 |access-date=7 October 2012 |website=[[Jurnalul Național]] |language=ro}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Romania: TAROM |url=http://www.airlineupdate.com/content_public/airlines/airline_profiles/airlines_romania/tarom.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130116114406/http://www.airlineupdate.com/content_public/airlines/airline_profiles/airlines_romania/tarom.htm |archive-date=2013-01-16 |access-date=2020-08-15 |publisher=Airlineupdate.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Longworth |first=R. C. |author-link=Richard C. Longworth |date=1989-12-29 |title=Dead tyrant's forces defy ultimatum |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-12-29-8903210684-story.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200815175750/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1989-12-29-8903210684-story.html |archive-date=2020-08-15 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=[[Chicago Tribune]]}}</ref>
[[File:TAROM Ilyushin IL-18 YR-IMH.jpg|thumb|TAROM YR-IMH, an [[Ilyushin Il-18]] that crashed in 1991 near [[Uricani]]]]
*On 13 August 1991, TAROM Flight 785A, an [[Ilyushin Il-18]], flying from Otopeni to [[Timișoara Traian Vuia International Airport|Timișoara Airport]] crashed in the [[Retezat Mountains]] during a repositioning flight. The flight crew, and an aircraft maintenance crew, a total of 9 people, died instantly. Whilst the official cause of the crash was attributed to [[pilot error]] (the pilots did not use radar instruments and only assumed their positions, thus getting lost), the secrecy regarding the crash sparked a few conspiracy theories, which include sabotage, accidental shootdown from a nearby [[surface-to-air missile]]s unit (a theory later dismissed by the MApN), and UFOs that tricked the pilots into believing they had arrived at their destination, linked to the sightings of unusual lights on 4 August 1991.<ref>{{ASN accident |title=Ilyushin Il-18V YR-IMH Uricani |id=19910813-0 |accessdate=17 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Muntele Retezat - 4 august 1991 |trans-title=Retezat Mountain - 4 August 1991 |url=https://www.asfanufo.ro/index.php/istorie/106-muntele-retezat-4-august-1991 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160428200647/https://www.asfanufo.ro/index.php/istorie/106-muntele-retezat-4-august-1991 |archive-date=2016-04-28 |access-date=2019-07-17 |website=www.asfanufo.ro |language=ro}}</ref>
*On 24 September 1994, TAROM Flight 381, an [[Airbus A310]] registered YR-LCA flying from Bucharest to [[Orly Airport|Paris Orly]], went into a sudden and uncommanded nose-up position and stalled. The crew attempted to countermand the aircraft's flight control system but were unable to lower the nose while remaining on course. Witnesses saw the aircraft climb with an extreme nose-up attitude, then bank sharply left, then right, then fall into a steep dive. Only when the dive produced additional speed was the crew able to recover steady flight. An investigation found that an overshoot of flap placard speed during the approach, incorrectly commanded by the captain, caused a mode transition to flight level change. The auto-throttles increased power and trim went full nose-up as a result. The crew's attempt at commanding the nose-down elevator could not counteract the effect of stabilizer nose-up trim, and the resulting dive brought the aircraft from a height of {{convert|4,100|ft|0}} at the time of the stall to {{convert|800|ft|0}} when the crew was able to recover command. The aircraft landed safely after a second approach. There were 186 people on board.<ref>{{Cite web |title=INCIDENT TAROM |url=http://ufcna.com/DOS2tarom24101994.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717141027/http://ufcna.com/DOS2tarom24101994.html |archive-date=17 July 2011 |access-date=5 July 2010 |publisher=UFCNA.com}}</ref>
*On 31 March 1995, a TAROM [[Airbus A310]] operating as [[TAROM Flight 371|Flight 371]] crashed near [[Balotești]] due to a fault in the throttles and lack of recovery from the [[aircrew|flight crew]], killing all 49 passengers and 11 crew members on board.
*On 30 December 2007, a TAROM [[Boeing 737 Classic#737-300|Boeing 737-300]] (YR-BGC "Constanța"), flying Flight 3107 hit a car on the runway of Bucharest [[Henri Coandă International Airport]] while taking off for [[Sharm El Sheikh International Airport|Sharm-el-Sheikh]]. The aircraft stopped beside the runway and was severely damaged.<ref>{{Cite web |last=A.N. |date=2007-12-31 |title=Raport preliminar al accidentului de pe Henri Coandă: lipsă de coordonare între turnul de control și echipa de balizaj |trans-title=Preliminary report of the Henri Coandă accident: lack of coordination between the control tower and the beacon team |url=https://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-2144752-raport-preliminar-accidentului-henri-coanda-lipsa-coordonare-intre-turnul-control-echipa-balizaj.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919182742/http://www.hotnews.ro/stiri-esential-2144752-raport-preliminar-accidentului-henri-coanda-lipsa-coordonare-intre-turnul-control-echipa-balizaj.htm |archive-date=2012-09-19 |access-date=2020-08-15 |website=Hotnews.ro |language=ro}}</ref> None of the passengers were injured. Because of [[fog]], neither the tower nor the pilots saw the car belonging to staff who were repairing a runway beacon.
*On 9 July 2019, a TAROM [[ATR 42#ATR 42-500|ATR 42-500]] (YR-ATF) burst the tyres of the main landing gear wheels at [[Bucharest]] [[Henri Coandă International Airport]] while conducting the landing of Flight 638 from [[Satu Mare International Airport|Satu Mare]]. None of the passengers were injured.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-07-09 |title=UPDATE Explozie la anvelopele trenului de aterizare al unui avion, la sosirea pe Aeroportul Henri Coandă; Tarom: Cei 22 de pasageri ai aeronavei care venea de la Satu Mare au fost debarcați și li se asigură asistență la sol. FOTO |trans-title=UPDATE Explosion in the landing gear tires of an airplane, at its arrival on Henri Coandă Airport; Tarom: The 22 passengers of the aircraft that was coming from Satu Mare have been disembarked and are being offered assistance on ground. PHOTO |url=https://www.news.ro/eveniment/update-explozie-anvelopele-trenului-aterizare-unui-avion-sosirea-aeroportul-henri-coanda-tarom-cei-22-pasageri-aeronavei-venea-satu-mare-au-debarcati-asigura-asistenta-sol-foto-1924403809002019072019055826 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200815220027/https://www.news.ro/eveniment/update-explozie-anvelopele-trenului-aterizare-unui-avion-sosirea-aeroportul-henri-coanda-tarom-cei-22-pasageri-aeronavei-venea-satu-mare-au-debarcati-asigura-asistenta-sol-foto-1924403809002019072019055826 |archive-date=2020-08-15 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=News.ro |language=ro}}</ref> An internal safety investigation was conducted, with a report being published on 11 September 2019. TAROM's report concluded that the tyre explosions were caused by the parking brakes being engaged on contact with the runway. The brakes locked shortly after contact with the runway. This resulted in the bursting of all four tyres of the main landing wheels. The early engagement of parking brakes were attributed to pilot error. Specifically, poor cockpit resource management (CRM).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bolocan |first=Valentin |date=2019-09-11 |title=Cum explică Tarom periculosul incident în care, la aterizarea pe Otopeni, unui avion i-au explodat toate cele 4 anvelope ale trenului principal |trans-title=How does Tarom explain the dangerous incident, in which, when landing on Otopeni, a plane's four tires of its main gear exploded |url=https://adevarul.ro/news/eveniment/cum-explica-tarom-periculosul-incidentul-care-aterizarea-otopeni-unui-avion-i-au-explodat-cele-4-anvelope-trenului-principal-1_5d78f860892c0bb0c6802d5f/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190913023550/https://adevarul.ro/news/eveniment/cum-explica-tarom-periculosul-incidentul-care-aterizarea-otopeni-unui-avion-i-au-explodat-cele-4-anvelope-trenului-principal-1_5d78f860892c0bb0c6802d5f/index.html |archive-date=2019-09-13 |access-date=2020-08-16 |website=[[Adevărul]] |language=ro}}</ref>
==Notes==
{{notelist}}
==See also==
*[[List of companies of Romania]]
*[[Aviation in Romania]]
==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}
===Bibliography===
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last1=Balotescu |first1=Nicolae |title=Istoria Aviației Române |last2=Burlacu |first2=Dumitru |last3=Crăciun |first3=Dumitru N. |last4=Dăscălescu |first4=Jean |last5=Dediu |first5=Dumitru |last6=Gheorghiu |first6=Constantin |last7=Ionescu |first7=Corneliu |last8=Mocanu |first8=Vasile |last9=Nicolau |first9=Constantin |publisher=Editura Științifică și Pedagogică |year=1984 |location=Bucharest |language=ro |trans-title=The History of Romanian Aviation |ref={{harvid|Balotescu et al.|1984}} |author-link5=Dumitru Dediu |last10=Popescu-Rosetti |first10=Ion |last11=Prunariu |first11=Dumitru |last12=Tudose |first12=Stelian |last13=Ucrain |first13=Constantin |last14=Zărnescu |first14=Gheorghe |author-link11=Dumitru Prunariu}}
{{Refend}}
==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|TAROM}}
*[http://www.tarom.ro Official website]
*[https://www.flightradar24.com/data/airlines/ro-rot/routes TAROM current destinations]
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