View source for Thomas Butterworth Bayley

{{Short description|British agriculturist and lawyer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix      =
| name          = Thomas Butterworth Bayley
| honorific_suffix      = [[justice of the peace|JP]] [[Fellow of the Royal Society|FRS]]
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| birth_date    = 1744
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| death_date    = 1802
| death_place   = [[Buxton]], [[Derbyshire]]
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| alma_mater    = [[University of Edinburgh]]
| occupation    =  {{hlist | [[Magistrate]] | Agriculturist | [[Philanthropist]] }}
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'''Thomas Butterworth Bayley''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|JP|FRS}} (1744–1802) was an English [[magistrate]], agriculturist and [[philanthropist]].
==Background==
He was from an old Lancashire family, and his mother was one of the Dukinfields of [[Dukinfield]], [[Cheshire]]. Shortly after completing his education at the [[University of Edinburgh]], he was chosen a [[justice of the peace]] for the county palatine of Lancaster. The reputation he acquired by led to his being appointed a few years afterwards perpetual chairman of the quarter sessions. He was appointed [[High Sheriff of Lancashire]] for 1768.<ref name="DNB">{{cite DNB|wstitle=Bayley, Thomas Butterworth|volume=3}}</ref>
==Magistracy==
Principally by his efforts, an improved gaol and penitentiary-house for [[Manchester]] was erected in 1787. In his honour, it was named the New Bayley. The building was pulled down in 1873. After improvements introduced in its construction, and in that of the county gaol at [[Lancaster, Lancashire|Lancaster]], Bayley was consulted in regard to the erection and improvement of prisons throughout the country.<ref name="DNB"/>
==Health Conditions==
Bayley also took an active interest in sanitary reform, and in schemes for improving the condition of the poor. In 1796 he was successful in obtaining in [[Manchester]] the establishment of a board of health, of which he was chosen chairman. He was one of the founders of the [[Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society|Literary and Philosophical Society of Manchester]], and of a college of arts and sciences, which was later abandoned. Much of his spare time he devoted to agriculture, and on his farm of Hope near Manchester introduced various new agricultural methods, including an improved system of sod draining. He wrote a pamphlet entitled ''On a Cheap and Expeditious Method of Draining Land'', which was published in [[Alexander Hunter]]'s ''Georgical Essays'', vol. iv. (1772), and vol. i. (1803). He was also the author of ''Observations on the General Highway and Turnpike Acts'', 1773.<ref name="DNB"/>
Bayley was elected [[Fellow of the Royal Society]] in 1773.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41443 |title=Townships - Pendleton &#124; British History Online |publisher=British-history.ac.uk |date=2003-06-22 |accessdate=2011-01-07}}</ref> He died at [[Buxton]], [[Derbyshire]], on 24 June 1802.<ref name="DNB"/>
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
;Attribution
{{DNB|wstitle=Bayley, Thomas Butterworth|volume=3}}
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{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1744 births]]
[[Category:1802 deaths]]
[[Category:English agricultural writers]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:High sheriffs of Lancashire]]
[[Category:Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]