View source for Timeline of Portuguese history (First County)

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{{Unreferenced|date=March 2019|bot=noref (GreenC bot)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Main|History of Portugal}}
This is a historical timeline of Portugal.
==First County of Portugal==
=== 9th century ===
[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 875.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 875, with the region between the [[Minho River|Minho]] and [[Douro River]]s show in cyan blue]]
*868 – Establishment of the 1st County of Portugal, a fiefdom of the [[Kingdom of Asturias]], by count [[Vímara Peres]], after the reconquest from the [[Moors]] of the region between the [[Minho River|Minho]] and [[Douro River]]s. Count Vímara Peres founded the fortified city that bears his own name ''Vimaranis'', later ''Guimaranis'', present day [[Guimarães]], considered "The Cradle City" of Portugal.
*871 – The city of [[Coimbra]] is reconquered from the Muslim [[Emirate of Córdoba]]. [[Hermenegildo Gutiérrez]] is appointed [[County of Coimbra|Count of Coimbra]].
*873 – Vímara Peres dies and his son [[Lucídio Vimaranes]] becomes Count of Portugal.
[[File:Péninsule_ibérique_en_900.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 900, with   the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 929.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 929, with   the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
=== 10th century ===
[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 961.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 961, with   the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
*909 – [[Alfonso III of León|Alfonso III of Asturias]] is deposed by his sons yet also proclaimed Emperor.
*910 – Alfonso III of Asturias dies and his kingdom is divided among his sons, with [[Ordoño II of León|Ordoño]] becoming King of Galicia, [[Fruela II of Asturias|Fruela]] becoming King of Asturias, and [[García I of León]] King of Leon.
*911 – Count [[Hermenegildo Gutiérrez]] of Coimbra, dies and his son [[Arias Mendes]] becomes Count of Coimbra.
*913 – An expedition commanded by King Ordoño of Galicia into Muslim territory takes [[Évora]].
*914 – Ordoño becomes [[Kingdom of leon|King of Leon]], after the death of his brother García I. The capital of the kingdom is moved from [[Oviedo]] to [[León, León|León]], from which the Kingdom would derive its name.
*916 – Ordoño II of León is defeated by the [[Emir]] Abd al-Rahman III in [[Valdejunquera]].
*918
**Abd al-Rahman III defeats the Christians at the [[Battle of Talavera (918)|Battle of Talavera]].
**[[Pope John X]] recognizes the orthodoxy and legitimacy of the [[Visigoths|Visigothic]] Liturgy maintained in the [[Mozarabic rite]].
*922 – Diogo Fernandes succeeds [[Lucídio Vimaranes]] as Count of Portugal upon the latter's death.
*924 – [[Fruela II of León|Fruela of Asturias]] succeeds his brother Ordoño on the thrones of León and also Galicia.
*925 – [[Alfonso Fróilaz]] succeeds Fruela as king of Leon, Galicia and Asturias, but is deposed by his cousins [[Sancho Ordonhes]] who takes the throne of Galicia, and Alfonso, who takes the thrones of Asturias and Leon.
*926 – [[Hermenegildo González|Mendo I Gonçalves]], son of Count [[Gonzalo Betotez of Galicia]] marries [[Mumadona Dias]] (daughter of count Diogo Fernandes and Onega) and becomes Count of Portugal.
*928 – [[Gonçalo Moniz]], grandson of [[Arias Menéndez|Count Arias Mendes of Coimbra]], becomes [[County of Coimbra|Count of Coimbra]].
*931 – Ramiro II becomes King of León. He was the first to bear the title ''King of Portuguese Land''.
*938 – First document where the word Portugal is written in its present form.
*950
**Countess Mumadona Dias of Portugal divides amongst her sons her the vast domains, upon the death of her husband Count Mendo I Gonçalves. Her son [[Gonçalo I Mendes]] becomes Count of Portugal.
**[[Ordoño III of León|Ordoño III]] becomes King of León.
*953 – Large Muslim incursion in [[Galicia, Spain|Galicia]].
*955 – Ordoño III of León attacks [[Lisbon]].
*956 – [[Sancho I of León|Sancho I]] becomes King of León.
*958 – Sancho I of León is deposed and [[Ordoño IV of León|Ordoño IV]] becomes King of León.
*959 – Countess Mumadona Dias donates vast estates to the [[Monastery]] of St. Mamede in [[Guimarães]].
*960 – Sancho I of León is reinstated as King of León.
*966
**Count Gonçalo Moniz of Coimbra rebels against Sancho I of León.
**[[Gonzalo Menéndez|Count Gonçalo Mendes of Portugal]] assassinates Sancho of Leon.
**Count Gonçalo Mendes of Portugal defeats Duke Rodrigo Velázques at the [[Battle of Aguioncha]]
**[[Ramiro III of León|Ramiro III]] becomes King of León.
**[[Vikings]] raid Galicia and kill the bishop of [[Santiago de Compostela]] in battle, but his successor [[St. Rudesind]] rallies the local forces and kills the Viking King [[Gundered]].
*971 – Another minor Viking raid in Galicia.
*976 – Caliph Al-Hakam II dies, and [[Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir]] takes over in the name of his protégé [[Hisham II]], becoming a military dictator usurping caliphal powers and launching a big number of offensive campaigns against the Christians.
*981 – Count Gonçalo Moniz of Coimbra dies.
*982 – [[Bermudo II of León|Bermudo II]] becomes King of León, having been acclaimed by the Counts of Galicia and anointed in Santiago de Compostela.
*987
**Al-Mansur Ibn Abi Aamir lays waste to Coimbra, seizes the castles north of the Douro River, and reaches at the city of Santiago de Compostela. The city had been evacuated and Al-Mansur burns it to the ground and destroys the Church of Santiago.
**Count Gonçalo I Mendes takes the personal title ''Magnus Dux Portucalensium'' ('''Grand-Duke of [[County of Portugal|Portucale]]''') and rebels against King Bermudo II of León, being defeated.
*999
**[[Alfonso V of León|Alfonso V]] becomes King of León.
**[[Mendo II Gonçalves]], son (or grandson?) of Gonçalo I Mendes and Tuta, becomes Count of Portugal.
**Countess Mumadona Dias dies.
[[File:Péninsule Ibérique en 1002.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 1002, with the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 1037.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 1037, with the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 1065.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 1065, with the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
[[File:Péninsule ibérique en 1085.png|thumb|Iberian Peninsula around 1085, with the County of Portugal show in lavender blue]]
=== 11th century ===
*1003 – Muslims lay waste to the city of [[León, León|León]].
*1008
**[[Vikings]] raid Galicia, killing Count [[Mendo II Gonçalves]] of Portugal.
**[[Alvito Nunes]], of a collateral line but also descent of Vímara Peres, married to Countess [[Tudadomna]], becomes Count of Portugal.
*1009 – Caliphate of Córdoba begins to break up. The [[Taifa]] of [[Badajoz]] becomes independent of the Caliph [[Suleiman II of Umayyad|Sulaiman al-Mustain]] of Córdoba and governs the territory between Coimbra and North [[Alentejo]].
*1016 – [[Normans|Norman]] invaders ascend the Minho river and destroy [[Tui, Pontevedra|Tuy]] in Galicia.
*1017 – [[Nuno I Alvites]], son of Alvito Nunes and Tudadomna, becomes Count of Portugal. He marries [[Ilduara Mendes]], daughter of Mendo II Gonçalves and [[Tuta (countess of Portugal)|Tuta]].
*1025 – [[Abu al-Qasim Muhammad ibn Abbad]], [[Abbadid]] Emir of [[Seville]], captures two castles at Alafões to the north-west of [[Viseu]].
*1028
**[[Mendo III Nunes]], son of Nuno I Alvites and Ilduara Mendes, becomes Count of Portugal.
**[[Alfonso V of Castile|Alfonso V]], king of [[Asturias]] and León, lays siege to Viseu but is killed by a bolt from the walls.
**[[Bermudo III of León|Bermudo III]], becomes King of León.
*1031 – [[Sancho III of Navarre]] declares war on Bermudo III of León. [[Navarre]], sometimes assisted by Galician rebels and Normans, ravages the lands around [[Lugo]] in Galicia.
*1034
**The Leonese destroy a raiding force under [[Ismail ibn Abbad]] of Seville. Ismail ibn Abbad flees to Lisbon.
**[[Gonçalo Trastemires]] – a Portuguese frontiersman – captures [[Montemor-o-Velho|Montemor]] castle on the [[Mondego River|Mondego river]].
**By 1034, Sancho the Great of Navarre had incorporated [[Aragon]], [[Sobrarbe]], [[Barcelona]], as well as Asturias, León and Castile, and he proclaims himself ''Rex Hispaniarum'' ("King of all Spains").
*1035
**Sancho III of Navarre, Aragon, Leon and Castille dies and distributes his lands among his three sons; Castile and Aragon become kingdoms.
**Bermudo III of León defeats the Moors at the [[Battle of Cesar]], in the [[Aveiro (district)|Aveiro]] region.
*1037 – [[Ferdinand I of León|Ferdinand of Castile]] defeats and kills his father-in-law, Bermudo III of León at the [[Battle of Tamarón]], and takes the title of King of Leon.
*1039 – Ferdinand of Castille and León proclaims himself ''Emperor of all [[Hispania]]''.
*1050 – Count Mendo III Nunes of Portugal is killed in battle sometime during this period. His son [[Nuno Mendes (count)|Nuno II Mendes]] succeeds him as Count of Portugal.
*1057 – Ferdinand of Castille and León conquers [[Lamego]] from the Muslims.
*1058 – Emir [[Al-Muzaffar al-Aftas]] pays the Christians to leave Badajoz, but not before Viseu being conquered by Ferdinand I of Castile and León.
*1060 – The council (Ecumenical [[Synod]]) of [[Santiago de Compostela]] begins.
*1064
**Ferdinand I of León and Castile besieges Muslim Coimbra from 20 January until 9 July. The Muslim governor who surrendered is allowed to leave with his family, but 5,000 inhabitants are taken captive, and all Muslims are forced out of Portuguese territory across the Mondego river. The [[Mozarabic language|Mozarabic]] lord [[Sisnando Davides]], who led the siege, becomes Count of Coimbra.
**The [[Hispanic calendar]]{{Clarify|date=February 2011}} is adopted.
*1065 – Death of Ferdinand of Léon and Castille. His kingdom is divided amongst his sons, with [[Garcia II of Galicia|Garcia]] taking the throne of Galicia, while Alfonso VI takes Leon and Sancho II takes Castille.
*1070 – Count Nuno II Mendes of Portugal revolts against King Garcia II of Galicia.
*1071 – After defeating and killing Count Nuno Mendes of Portugal at the [[Battle of Pedroso]] near Braga, Garcia II of Galicia annexes Portugal to Galicia and adopts the title '''King of Galicia and Portugal'''. The County of Portugal ceases to exist as an autonomous entity for the time being.
==See also==
*[[Timeline of Portuguese history]]
**[[Timeline of Portuguese history (Reconquista)|Al'Garb Al'Andalus and the beginning of the Reconquista (8th to 9th century)]]
**[[Timeline of Portuguese history (Second County)|Second County of Portugal (11th to 12th century)]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Timeline of Portuguese History (First County)}}
[[Category:Portuguese history timelines|First County]]
[[Category:Medieval history of Portugal]]
[[de:Zeittafel Portugal]]
[[ru:Португалия: Даты Истории]]