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{{italic title|reason=[[:Category:Chinese words and phrases]]}}
The '''''tiqin''''' ({{zh|c=[[wikt:提琴|提琴]]|p=tíqín}}) is a name applied to several two-stringed [[China|Chinese]] bowed string [[List of traditional Chinese musicagvhbbcgvl instruments|musical instruments]] in the ''[[huqin]]'' family of instruments.
==Types==
There are several types of ''tiqin'':
*The ''tiqin'' used for ''[[kunqu]]'' opera
*The ''tiqin'' used for [[Guangdong music (genre)|Cantonese music]]
*The ''tiqin'' used in [[Music of Fujian|Fujian]] and [[Music of Taiwan|Taiwan]]
*An antiquated name for the [[Sihu (instrument)|sihu]]
==Overview==
The ''tiqin'' used in Cantonese music, also known as the ''zhutiqin'' (竹提琴) is a member of the "hard bow" (硬弓) ensemble in [[Cantonese opera]].<!--Is this ensemble always part of Cantonese opera? Can't it just be an instrumental string ensemble?--> Its neck is made of [[hardwood]], often ''suanzhi'' ([[wikt:酸枝|酸枝]], [[rosewood]]) or ''zitan''<!--Is it [[Pterocarpus santalinus]] or [[Dalbergia]]?--> ([[wikt:紫檀|紫檀]], [[Pterocarpus santalinus|red sandalwood]]). The ''zhutiqin'''s sound chamber is made of a very large section of [[bamboo]] (larger than that of the ''[[erxian]]'', another bowed string instrument used in Cantonese music). Instead of snakeskin, the face is made of a piece of ''tong'' wood<!--Is this the same as wutong?--> ([[wikt:桐|桐]], ''[[Firmiana simplex]]'')<!--Is this the correct species?--> or [[Arecaceae|palm]] wood (like the face of a ''[[yehu]]''). The back of the sound chamber is made of the natural joint in bamboo, with sound holes cut in it. The ''tiqin'' used today in Cantonese opera is tuned to 仜-士/mi-la/E-a<!--Does this mean that the strings are tuned to the interval of a fourth, like the Chaozhou touxian?--> (the opposite of the ''[[erxian]]'', which is tuned A-e.)
The name also occasionally referred to what is now called the [[Sihu (instrument)|sihu]].
Additionally, the term ''tiqin'' is used in [[Chinese language|Chinese]] as a generic term referring to Western bowed string instruments of the [[violin family]]:
*''Xiao tiqin'' ({{lang|zh-Hani|[[wikt:小提琴|小提琴]]}}) = [[violin]]
*''Zhong tiqin'' ({{lang|zh-Hani|[[wikt:中提琴|中提琴]]}}) = [[viola]]
*''Da tiqin'' ({{lang|zh-Hani|[[wikt:大提琴|大提琴]]}}) = [[cello]]
*''Diyin tiqin'' ({{lang|zh-Hani|[[wikt:低音提琴|低音提琴]]}}) = [[double bass]]
==See also==
*[[Huqin]]
*[[Erhu]]
* [[Chinese music]]
* [[List of Chinese musical instruments]]
==External links==
*[http://2007jzj.gzwh.gov.cn/yyzs/2005zgyq/zgyq.asp?id=110 ''Tiqin'' page]
{{Traditional Chinese musical instruments}}
{{huqin}}
[[Category:Chinese musical instruments]]
[[Category:Necked bowl lutes]]
[[Category:Huqin family instruments]]
[[Category:Bowed instruments]]
[[Category:Drumhead lutes]]
[[Category:Continuous pitch instruments]]
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