View source for Tobishima, Yamagata

{{Short description|Island in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan}}
{{about|the island|the municipality in Aichi Prefecture|Tobishima, Aichi}}
{{Infobox Islands
| name             = Tobishima
| image_name       = Tobi-sima Island Yamagata prefecture Aerial photograph.1976.jpg
| native_name = {{langx|ja|飛島}}
| native_name_link =
| image_caption    = Aerial photograph of Tobishima in 1976
| image_size       =
| pushpin_map             = Japan
| pushpin_label           =
| pushpin_label_position  =
| pushpin_map_alt         =
| pushpin_relief          = 1
| pushpin_map_caption     =
| nickname         =
| location         = [[Sea of Japan]]
| coordinates      ={{Coord|39|11|40|N|139|32|56|E|type:isle}}
| archipelago      =
| total_islands    =
| major_islands    =
| area_km2          = 2.75
| length_km         = 2
| width_km          = 1
| coastline_km      = 10.2
| highest_mount     = Takamoriyama
| elevation_m        = 68
| country            = Japan
| country_admin_divisions_title     = [[Prefectures of Japan|Prefecture]]
| country_admin_divisions           = [[Yamagata Prefecture|Yamagata]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1   = [[Cities of Japan|City]]
| country_admin_divisions_1         = [[Sakata, Yamagata|Sakata]]
| population       = 158
| population_as_of = 2020
| density_km2      = 57
| ethnic_groups    =[[Japanese people|Japanese]]
| additional_info  =
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Tobishima'''|飛島}}, is an inhabited island located in the [[Sea of Japan]], administered as part of [[Sakata, Yamagata|Sakata]], [[Yamagata Prefecture]], [[Japan]]. The island, 2.75&nbsp;km² in area, had 158&nbsp;inhabitants as of 2020. The island has no airport, and access is normally by ferry to the city of Sakata on the mainland. The islanders are dependent mainly on [[commercial fishing]] and seasonal tourism.
==Geography==
Tobishima is approximately {{convert|3|km|mi}} by {{convert|1|km|mi}}. It is located {{convert|39|km|nmi}} west of [[Honshu]].  The highest point is Takamori-yama ( 高森山 ) at {{convert|68|m|ft}}. The island is mostly flat, with a gentle rise from the east coast to the west coast, the west coast is characterized by steep cliffs. The port facilities are therefore located on the east coast and along with most of the population.  Due to the effects of the warm Tsushima current, the island has relatively mild weather year-round average annual temperatures of 12&nbsp;°C; even snowfall of 10&nbsp;cm is rare. The island is covered with evergreen [[deciduous tree]]s, including ''[[Eurya japonica]].''
===Important Bird Area===
Tobishima serves as an important site for some 270 species of [[migratory bird]]s. It, with neighbouring, and much smaller, Oshakujima, have been recognised as an [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA) by [[BirdLife International]] for their [[bird colony|colonies]] of [[black-tailed gull]]s.<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/tobishima-and-oshakujima-islands-iba-japan|title= Teuri Island|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 1 February 2021}}</ref>
===Climate===
{{Weather box
|width=auto
|collapsed = Y
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|location = Tobishima (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1978−present)
|Jan record high C = 13.4
|Feb record high C = 16.1
|Mar record high C = 18.0
|Apr record high C = 24.9
|May record high C = 28.1
|Jun record high C = 32.0
|Jul record high C = 34.0
|Aug record high C = 35.1
|Sep record high C = 33.1
|Oct record high C = 27.3
|Nov record high C = 21.6
|Dec record high C = 18.5
|Jan record low C = -8.3
|Feb record low C = -7.5
|Mar record low C = -3.9
|Apr record low C = -0.6
|May record low C = 3.7
|Jun record low C = 8.1
|Jul record low C = 12.4
|Aug record low C = 14.7
|Sep record low C = 9.7
|Oct record low C = 4.7
|Nov record low C = -1.9
|Dec record low C = -6.7
|Jan high C = 4.7
|Feb high C = 5.3
|Mar high C = 8.6
|Apr high C = 13.6
|May high C = 18.5
|Jun high C = 22.7
|Jul high C = 26.1
|Aug high C = 28.4
|Sep high C = 24.8
|Oct high C = 19.2
|Nov high C = 13.3
|Dec high C = 7.6
|Jan mean C = 2.1
|Feb mean C = 2.3
|Mar mean C = 4.9
|Apr mean C = 9.4
|May mean C = 14.1
|Jun mean C = 18.4
|Jul mean C = 22.4
|Aug mean C = 24.4
|Sep mean C = 21.0
|Oct mean C = 15.6
|Nov mean C = 10.0
|Dec mean C = 4.8
|Jan low C = -0.1
|Feb low C = -0.2
|Mar low C = 1.9
|Apr low C = 6.1
|May low C = 10.8
|Jun low C = 15.3
|Jul low C = 19.8
|Aug low C = 21.5
|Sep low C = 18.1
|Oct low C = 12.7
|Nov low C = 7.2
|Dec low C = 2.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 111.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 79.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 84.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 84.1
|May precipitation mm = 86.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 91.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 157.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 161.1
|Sep precipitation mm = 144.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 148.3
|Nov precipitation mm = 152.6
|Dec precipitation mm = 148.8
|year precipitation mm = 1428.7
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 20.0
|Feb precipitation days = 15.8
|Mar precipitation days = 14.7
|Apr precipitation days = 11.3
|May precipitation days = 10.0
|Jun precipitation days = 8.5
|Jul precipitation days = 11.5
|Aug precipitation days = 9.6
|Sep precipitation days = 12.2
|Oct precipitation days = 14.6
|Nov precipitation days = 18.6
|Dec precipitation days = 22.0
|Jan sun = 62.2
|Feb sun = 92.0
|Mar sun = 167.1
|Apr sun = 225.3
|May sun = 240.2
|Jun sun = 224.2
|Jul sun = 199.8
|Aug sun = 234.7
|Sep sun = 194.2
|Oct sun = 171.1
|Nov sun = 112.4
|Dec sun = 62.5
|year sun = 1988.4
|source 1 = [[Japan Meteorological Agency]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/rank_a.php?prec_no=35&block_no=1291&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:観測史上1～10位の値（年間を通じての値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.data.jma.go.jp/obd/stats/etrn/view/nml_amd_ym.php?prec_no=35&block_no=1291&year=&month=&day=&view=h0
|script-title=ja:気象庁 / 平年値（年・月ごとの値）
| publisher = [[Japan Meteorological Agency|JMA]]
| access-date = March 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>https://twitter.com/extremetemps/status/1618277904043102208</ref>}}
==History==
Tobishima has been populated for several thousand years, with archaeological finds from the early [[Jōmon period]] dated to 6000–7000 years ago. In the late [[Heian period]], the island was controlled by the [[Abe clan]], followed by the [[Kiyohara clan]]. In the [[Edo period]], it was part of the holdings of the [[Sakai clan]] at [[Shonai Domain]] and an occasional port for the ''[[kitamaebune]]'' coastal trading vessels.
As of April 1950, the village of Tobishima and thus the island was annexed by the city of Sakata, Yamagata.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*National Geospatial Intelligence Agency (NGIA). ''Prostar Sailing Directions 2005 Japan Enroute''. Prostar Publications (2005). {{ISBN|1577856511}}
== External links ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160803130200/http://www.city.sakata.lg.jp/ou/shoko/kankoshinko/kankokoryu/tobishima/3001.html Official home page]
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Islands of Yamagata Prefecture]]
[[Category:Islands of the Sea of Japan]]
[[Category:Sakata, Yamagata]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Japan]]
[[Category:Seabird colonies]]