View source for Treatise on the Response of the Tao

{{Short description|Taoist book by Li Ying-Chang}}
{{more citations needed|date=April 2012}}
The '''''Taishang Ganying Pian''''' (太上感應篇), or '''''Lao Tse's Treatise on the Response of the Tao''''', is a [[Taoist]] scripture from the 12th century that has been very influential in China. Li Ying-Chang,<ref name="Laotzutreatise">Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. xxvii</ref> a [[Confucian]] scholar who retired from civil administration to teach Taoism, authored this. It is traditionally attributed to [[Lao Tse]] himself.
==Interpretation and themes==
The Treatise covers thoughts, words, and deeds in terms of ''[[ganying]]''. It has a simple, practical<ref name="Laotzutreatise" /> approach to ethics, lacking any esoteric details. It is all about good deeds.<ref>The Shambhala guide to Taoism 1st ed. / Eva Wong. Boston : Shambhala, c1997. p. 193</ref> These are rewarded by longevity<ref name="Laotzutreatise" /> and health. Lists<ref>Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. 19</ref> of deeds, both good and evil, are given in this tract. They focus on crimes, business practices, and other every day actions and events. It represents<ref>Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. xxx</ref> a turn away from previous Taoism in that it focuses not on meditative practices or self cultivation but on action in the world.
Taoism represents a variety of different viewpoints and practices hard to categorize by era or sect. Categorizations are disputed by scholars. The Lushan<ref name="Laotzutreatise_a">Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. xx</ref> Sect of Taoism, from the [[Southern Song]] Dynasty (1127-1297 ce) is a Taoist sect representative of the type of Taoism in the treatise, called 'acts and karma Taoism'<ref>The Shambhala guide to Taoism 1st ed. / Eva Wong. Boston : Shambhala, c1997. p. 86, 190, 191</ref> by Eva Wong. There are few texts that represent this type of Taoism, this being the main one. Most of the others are morality tales that grew up around this Treatise. The lack of scriptures for this current of belief has in no way detracted from its popularity.
[[Mahayana]] [[Buddhist]] viewpoint influenced<ref name="Laotzutreatise_a" /> this scripture. This book was most popular during the [[Ming Dynasty|Ming]] dynasty, (1368-1644 ce)
==Impact==
The Treatise has attracted both Taoists and Non-Taoists. It has gained a large<ref>Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. xxiv</ref> population base among the commoner, because it does not require a monastery to practice.<ref name="Laotzutreatise_a" />
==Text==
It is a short tract, written before<ref name="Laotzutreatise_b">Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. xxxiii</ref> Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism were deliberately synthesized by scholars or the state. The stories that accompany it were written during or after this synthesis. The time of writing is after folk beliefs had begun to influence<ref name="Laotzutreatise_b" /> Taoism, which may have begun with [[Zhuang Zhou|Chuang Tse]].
==Translations==
It was first translated into English by Christian missionary Douglas Legge,<ref>Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao: translated with an introduction by Eva Wong. San Francisco, CA : Harper, c1994. p. xxviii</ref> in 1891. He thought it was crucial for the understanding of Chinese people's moral thought. There is a recent translation by Eva Wong and co. A new English Liturgy Version has also been recently published by Terebess Asia Online (see external links).
==Commentary==
There is a commentary of the treatise by a Daoist renunciant Xīng Dé, translated to English by Johan Hausen.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://purplecloudinstitute.com/tai-shangs-treatise-on-action-and-response-commentary-by-xing-de/ |title=Tai Shang's Treatise on Action and Response: Commentary by Xīng Dé: The Eastern Ancient Law of Attraction |last1=Zi |first1=Lao| last2=De |first2= Xing |publisher=Purple Cloud Institute|year=2020|isbn=979-8619522068}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[Buddhist ethics]]
* ''[[Tao Te Ching]]''
* [[Taoism]]
* [[Eastern Philosophy]]
* [[Zhuangzi (book)|''Zhuangzi'' (book)]]
* [[Three teachings]]
* [[Holy Emperor Guan's True Scripture to Awaken the World]] - It is classified as one of the three [[Taoist Holy Scriptures for Advising the Good]], the other two being ''Lao‑Tzu's Treatise On the Response of the Tao'' and ''[[Lord Superior Wen Chang Tract of the Quiet Way]]''.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=iCkKDAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&pg=GBS.PT210 |script-title=zh:道教 博学文库 : 宗教文明品析丛书 |last=Xie |first=Lujun (谢路军)|date=2015|publisher=中国民主法制出版社|isbn=9787516209738 |page=205|access-date=16 June 2018}}</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
*Lao-tzu's treatise on the response of the Tao : Tʻai-shang kan-ying pʻien / Li Ying-chang ; translated with an introduction by Eva Wong ; with an historical introduction by Sean Dennison. San Francisco, CA : Harper San Francisco, c1994. {{ISBN|0060649569}} (alk. paper) :
The Shambhala guide to Taoism 1st ed. / Eva Wong. Boston : Shambhala, c1997. {{ISBN|1570621691}} (alk. paper)
==External links==
* [https://terebess.hu/english/The%20Treatise%20of%20the%20Illustrious%20Sage%20on%20Response%20and%20Retribution.pdf Treatise of the Illustrious Sage on Response and Retribution (2017 English Liturgy Version)] at Terebess Asia Online
* [http://terebess.hu/english/taishang.html T'ai-Shang Kan-Ying P'ien] at Terebess Asia Online
* [https://www.scribd.com/doc/26689167/Cartoon-of-Taoist-Morality-and-Ethics-Tai-Shang-Tractate-%E5%A4%AA%E4%B8%8A%E6%84%9F%E5%BA%94%E7%AF%87-%E6%BC%AB%E7%94%BB T'ai-Shang Kan-Ying P'ien] cartoon
* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/tao/ts/index.htm T'ai-Shang Kan-Ying P'ien] at Sacred-Texts.com
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=kel71b72fEEC&dq=treatise+on+the+response+of+the+tao&pg=PR30 google books synopsis]
* [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCE5870DBAADD8262] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL836158564F12215C] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLFE699456CFBDFD2B] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5EFC10B5CE7EC0F7] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLECD7085EB76B7E67] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL4550C27DBCBB8DDD] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL5F15C953E9B47932] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLC778339A666654DC] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2BAE7F311340EA56] [https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL3ADA62A3490F02EA] a YouTube ASL translation attempt for this article
[[Category:Taoist texts]]
[[Category:Taoist philosophy]]
[[Category:Philosophy books]]
[[Category:12th-century books]]
[[Category:Treatises]]
[[Category:12th-century Taoism]]