View source for Treaty of Mignano

{{Short description|1139 peace treaty}}
The '''Treaty of Mignano''' of 1139 was the treaty which ended more than a decade of constant war in the Italian [[Mezzogiorno]] following the union of the mainland duchy of [[Apulia]] and [[Calabria]] with the [[Kingdom of Sicily|County of Sicily]] in 1127.
In 1130, [[Antipope Anacletus II]] had crowned [[Roger II]] king.{{sfn|Mann|Hollnsteiner|1902|p=33}} The legitimate pope, [[Innocent II]], did not recognise this title and many of Roger's peninsular vassals took exception to his exercising royal authority over them. Over the decade of the 1130s, Roger defeated his vassals one by one until in 1137, the [[Emperor Lothair II]] came down with the pope and conquered most of the south. Lothair's death deprived the southern barons of their support, however, and Roger quickly reconquered his territories.  In 1139 the papal-imperial duke of Apulia, [[Ranulf of Alife]], died.{{sfn|Chalandon|1926|p=187}}
Innocent and the dispossessed Prince [[Robert II of Capua]] marched to reassert their authority. At [[Galluccio]], [[Roger III, Duke of Apulia|Roger's son]] ambushed the papal troops with only a thousand knights and captured the pope and his entourage.{{sfn|Wiedemann|2022|p=66}} Three days later, on 25 July at [[Mignano Monte Lungo|Mignano]], Innocent confirmed the elder Roger as ''rex Siciliae ducatus Apuliae et principatus Capuae'' and invested him with his titles.{{sfn|Wieruszowski|1971|p=55-56}}{{sfn|Pacaut|2002|p=784}} He also invested Roger's son as duke of Apulia, and another son, [[Alfonso of Hauteville|Alfonso]], as [[prince of Capua]].{{sfn|Matthew|1992|p=52}}
In 1143, Innocent refused to recognise the treaty, but Roger sent [[Robert of Selby]] to march on papal [[Benevento]]. Mignano was reaffirmed. In 1156, by the [[Treaty of Benevento]], the tribute to the pope of 600 ''[[schifati]]'' agreed upon by Roger II in 1139 was affirmed and another 400 ''schifati'' was added for newly conquered lands.
==See also==
*[[List of treaties]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Sources==
*{{cite book |title=The Cambridge Medieval History: Contest of empire and papacy |editor-first1=J.R. |editor-last1=Tanner |editor-first2=C.W. |editor-last2=Previte-Orton |editor-first3=Z.N. |editor-last3=Brooke |chapter=The Norman Kingdom of Sicily |first=Ferdinand |last=Chalandon |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1926 |page=184-207 }}
*{{cite book |title=The Lives of the Popes in the Early Middle Ages |volume=9 |first1=Horace Kinder |last1=Mann |first2=Johannes |last2=Hollnsteiner |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1902 }}
*{{cite book |title=The Norman kingdom of Sicily |first=Donald |last=Matthew |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1992 }}
*{{cite encyclopedia |encyclopedia=The Papacy: An Encyclopedia |volume=2: Gaius-Proxies  |editor-first=Philippe |editor-last=Levillain  |title=Innocent II |first=Marcel |last=Pacaut |publisher=Routledge  |year=2002 |page=783-785}}
*{{cite book |title=Papal Overlordship and European Princes, 1000-1270 |first=Benedict |last=Wiedemann |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2022 }}
*{{cite book |title=Politics and culture in medieval Spain and Italy |first=Helene |last=Wieruszowski |publisher=Edizioni di storia e letteratura |year=1971 }}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Treaty Of Mignano}}
[[Category:Treaties of the Holy See (754–1870)|Mignano]]
[[Category:1139 in Europe]]
[[Category:12th-century treaties|Mignano]]
[[Category:Treaties of the Kingdom of Sicily]]
[[Category:Roger II of Sicily]]
[[Category:12th century in the Kingdom of Sicily]]
[[Category:12th century in the Papal States]]