View source for Tulbaghia

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Automatic taxobox
|taxon = Tulbaghia
|name = Society garlic
|image = Tulbaghia (Society Garlic).jpg
|authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]] 1771, conserved name not Heister 1755
|image_caption = ''[[Tulbaghia violacea]]''
|synonyms =
*''Omentaria'' <small>Salisb. (1866)</small>
*''Prototulbaghia'' {{small|Vosa (2007)}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:331301-2 ''Tulbaghia'' L.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 29 September 2023.</ref>
}}
[[File:Tulbaghiafragrans.jpg|thumb|right|''Tulbaghia simmleri '']]
'''''Tulbaghia''''' ('''wild garlic'''<ref>{{PLANTS|id=TULBA|taxon=Tulbaghia|accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref> or '''society garlic''') is a [[genus]] of [[monocotyledon]]ous [[herbaceous plant|herbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]] [[bulb]]s [[native plant|native]] to Africa,<ref name=KewWC/> belonging to the  [[Amaryllidaceae|amaryllis family]]. It is one of only two known genera in the [[Tulbaghieae|society garlic tribe]] within the [[Allioideae|onion subfamily]].<ref>{{citation |last=Stevens |first=P.F.  |title=Angiosperm Phylogeny Website: Asparagales: Allioideae |url=http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#Alliaceae }}</ref>
The genus was named for [[Ryk Tulbagh]] (1699–1771), one time governor of The Cape of Good Hope.<ref>{{Citation |last=Gledhill |first=D. |year=1994 |title=The Names of Plants |publisher=Cambridge University Press |publication-place=Cambridge, UK |isbn=978-0-521-36675-5 }}, p. 189</ref>
Most species are native to the [[Eastern Cape Province]] of [[South Africa]]. As is common to many members of the Allioideae, when their leaves are bruised they produce a distinct [[garlic]] smell, hence its common name. The flowers are borne in an [[umbel]]. Each flower has six narrow [[tepal]]s. A characteristic of the genus is that there is a "corona" – a raised crown-like structure – at the centre of the flower. This may be small and scale-like or may be larger, somewhat like the trumpet of a small [[Narcissus (plant)|narcissus]].<ref>{{Citation |last=Armitage |first=James |date=August 2007 |title=Time for ''Tulbaghia'' |journal=The Garden |volume=136 |issue=8 |pages=524–527 }}</ref>
;Species<ref name=KewWC>{{Citation |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=The Board of Trustees of the [[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do |accessdate=2011-11-13 }}, search for "Tulbaghia"</ref><ref>[http://redlist.sanbi.org/search.php?sppsearch=Tulbaghia+ South African National Biodiversity Institute, Red List of South African Plants, search for ''Tulbaghia'']</ref>
{{Div col}}
# ''[[Tulbaghia acutiloba]]'' <small>Harv.</small> – Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, South Africa
# ''[[Tulbaghia aequinoctialis]]'' <small>Welw. ex Baker</small> – Angola
# ''[[Tulbaghia alliacea]]'' <small>L.f.</small>, syn. ''Tulbaghia affinis'' – Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia, South Africa
# ''[[Tulbaghia calcarea]]'' <small>Engl. & Krause</small> – Namibia
# ''[[Tulbaghia cameronii]]'' <small>Baker</small> – Cameroon, Zaire, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia
# ''[[Tulbaghia capensis]]'' <small>L.</small> – Cape Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia cernua]]'' <small>Fisch.</small> – Botswana, Lesotho, South Africa
# ''[[Tulbaghia coddii]]'' <small>Vosa & R.B.Burb.</small> – Mpumalanga
# ''[[Tulbaghia cominsii]]'' <small>Vosa</small> – Cape Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia dregeana]]'' <small>Kunth</small> – Cape Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia friesii]]'' <small>Suess.</small> – Nyanga Mountains of Mozambique + Zimbabwe
# ''[[Tulbaghia galpinii]]'' <small>Schltr.</small> – Cape Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia leucantha]]'' <small>Baker</small> – Botswana, Lesotho, Eswatini, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia
# ''[[Tulbaghia ludwigiana]]'' <small>Harv.</small> – Eswatini, South Africa
# ''[[Tulbaghia luebbertiana]]'' <small>Engl. & Krause</small> – Namibia
# ''[[Tulbaghia macrocarpa]]'' <small>Vosa</small> – Zimbabwe
# ''[[Tulbaghia montana]]'' <small>Vosa</small> – Cape Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia natalensis]]'' <small>Baker</small> – Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal
# ''[[Tulbaghia nutans]]'' <small>Vosa</small> – Mpumalanga
# ''[[Tulbaghia pretoriensis]]'' <small>Vosa & Condy</small> – Gauteng
# ''[[Tulbaghia rhodesica]]'' <small>R.E.Fr.</small> – Tanzania, Zambia
# ''[[Tulbaghia simmleri]]'' <small>Beauverd</small> – Northern Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia tenuior]]'' <small>K.Krause & Dinter</small> – Cape Province, Namibia
# ''[[Tulbaghia transvaalensis]]'' <small>Vosa</small> – Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal
# ''[[Tulbaghia verdoornia]]'' <small>Vosa & R.B.Burb.</small> – Cape Province
# ''[[Tulbaghia violacea]]'' <small>Harv.</small>  – Society garlic<ref>[http://www.floridata.com/ref/T/tulb_vio.cfm ''Tulbaghia violacea'' on Floridata]</ref> – Cape Province, KwaZulu-Natal; naturalized in Tanzania + Mexico
{{Div col end}}
;formerly included<ref name=KewWC/>
A few names have been coined using the name ''Tulbaghia'', but applied to species now considered better suited to the genus ''[[Agapanthus]]''.
* ''Tulbaghia africana – [[Agapanthus africanus]]''
* ''Tulbaghia heisteri – [[Agapanthus africanus]]''
* ''Tulbaghia minor – [[Agapanthus africanus]]''
* ''Tulbaghia praecox – [[Agapanthus praecox]]''
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Wikispecies|Allioideae}}
{{Commons category}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2339987}}
[[Category:Amaryllidaceae genera]]
[[Category:Flora of Africa]]
[[Category:Allioideae]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
{{Amaryllidaceae-stub}}