View source for Ukrainian Catholic Major Archeparchy of Kyiv–Galicia

{{Short description|Major archeparchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church}}
{{About|the Eastern Catholic archeparchy or metropolis established in 2005|other metropolises with similar names|Metropolis of Kiev (disambiguation){{!}}Metropolis of Kiev}}
{{distinguish|Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Kyiv}}
{{Infobox diocese
| jurisdiction      = Major Archeparchy
| name              = Kyiv–Galicia
| latin             = Archieparchia Kioviensis–Haliciensis Ucrainorum
| local             = {{Lang|uk|Kyiv-Halych}}
| image             =
| image_alt         =
| caption           = [[Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, Kyiv]]
| country           = [[Ukraine]]
| territory         =
| province          =
| headquarters      = [[Kyiv]], [[Ukraine]]
| coordinates       = <!-- Use {{coord}} -->
| catholics         =
| denomination      = [[Catholic Church]]
| sui_iuris_church  = [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Ukrainian Greek Catholic]]
| rite              = [[Byzantine Rite]]
| established       = 1808 (as Metropolitan of Galicia and Archbishop of Lemberg)
| dissolved         =
| cathedral         = [[Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, Kyiv]]
| cocathedral       =
| patron            =
| language          =
| pope              = {{Incumbent pope}}
| major_archbishop  =
| bishop            = [[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]]
| bishop_title      = Archbishop
| metro_archbishop  = [[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]]
| auxiliary_bishops = {{Br separated entries||}}
| apostolic_admin   =
| map               =
| map_alt           =
| map_caption       =
| website           =
}}
The '''Major Archeparchy of Kyiv–Galicia''' (Kyiv–Halych){{efn|'''Kiev–Halych''' or '''Kyiv–Halychyna''' are variant spellings. The name "[[Galicia (Eastern Europe)|Galicia]]" is a [[Latinized name|Latinized form]] of [[Principality of Halych|Halych]], one of several regional principalities of the medieval state of [[Kievan Rus']].}}  is a [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic]] [[Metropolitan bishop|Major]] [[Archeparchy]] of the [[Catholic Church]], that is located in  [[Ukraine]]. It was erected on 21 August 2005 with the approval of [[Pope Benedict XVI]]. There are other territories of the Church that are not located in Ukraine. The [[cathedral]] church — the [[Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, Kyiv|Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ]] — is situated in the city of [[Kyiv]]. The [[metropolitan bishop]] is — ''[[ex officio]]'' — the [[Primate (bishop)|Primate]] of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church. The incumbent [[major archbishop]] is [[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]].<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bshevchuk.html Catholic Hierarchy: Archbishop Sviatoslav Shevchuk]</ref>
== History ==
===In the Patriarchate of Constantinople===
The ecclesiastical province dates back to 988 AD when a [[Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)|metropolis]] was established by the [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople]] after the [[Christianization of Kievan Rus'|conversion]] of the [[Grand Prince of Kiev]] — [[Vladimir the Great]]. The [[Mongol invasion of Europe]] devastated [[Kievan Rus']] during the 13th century. A second metropolis for the south-western parts of Rus' — the [[Metropolis of Halych]] — was established in 1303 with its episcopal seat in the city of [[Halych]]. This was proposed by King [[Leo I of Galicia]] and came to fruition during the reign of his son [[George I of Halych|George]]. It existed during most of the 14th century but remained vacant since 1401 as the Metropolitan of Kyiv took over the title.
===Rivalry between Constantinople, Moscow and Rome===
During the 15th century, the metropolitans worked for Christian unity with the Patriarch of Constantinople. The first such attempt was in 1439 with the [[Council of Florence|Union of Florence]]. With the [[Fall of Constantinople]], the union fell asunder. A second attempt at union was essayed in 1596. It resulted in the [[Union of Brest]] which re-established [[full communion]] with the [[Holy See]]. Some clergy refused to subscribe to the articles of union and continued with the old rites and their allegiance to the Ecumenical Patriarch. More than 25 years of struggles within parishes for possession of church buildings and monasteries ensued. In 1620, the [[Lists of Patriarchs of Jerusalem|patriarch of Jerusalem]] — [[Theophanes III]] — entrenched the schism by establishing an "[[Exarch|Exarchate]] of Ukraine" for those dissenting clergy and laity who refused to conform to the union. Parallel successions to the title of "[[Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia|Metropolitan of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia]]" continued until 1686. In that year, the [[Patriarch of Moscow|Patriarchate of Moscow]] uncanonically assumed the right to consecrate the Kiev metropolitans; from that time onwards, the metropolis became a creature of Moscow.
===Following the Partitions of Poland===
The [[Ruthenian Uniate Church]] (Greek Catholic) continued the succession of metropolitans in the lands of the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. Today, these lands are mainly found in the modern states of Ukraine, [[Poland]], and [[Belarus]].  Following the [[Partitions of Poland|partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] (1772&ndash;1775), most of the [[Ruthenians|Ruthenian]] lands came under the control of the [[Russian Empire]]. [[Freedom of religion]] was not permitted in those lands. Consequently, by 1839 the Greek Catholic Church had been thoroughly suppressed. Church temporalities were seized by the Patriarchate of Moscow. In the lands that came under the control of the [[Austrian Empire]], the Church survived. The [[Habsburg monarchy]] reorganized their annexed territories as the [[Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria]]. The [[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv|Eparchy of Lviv]] in the kingdom was raised to the status of an [[archeparchy]] or metropolis. Its bishop became a metropolitan bishop who governed the [[suffragan]] eparchies. All primates were approved by the Pope. The new metropolis received the name '''"Metropolis of Galicia"''' in memory of the 14th century metropolis. In 1807, [[Pope Pius VII]] authorised the metropolitan to administer the vacant see of Kiev on the basis of the Eparchy of Lviv.
===The Metropolis under the Soviet Union===
In 1939, the Metropolis of Galicia came under [[Soviet]] rule. In 1946, the Church structure was forcefully subjected to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]]. Church members however, continued to practice their faith in secret. The metropolitan resided in Rome during the period of the [[Iron Curtain]]. In 1969, [[Pope John XXIII]] raised the metropolitan to the newly created rank of [[Major Archbishop]], with rights equivalent to those of a Patriarch. The position was not so named however, in order not to provoke a new wave of repressions against the Catacomb Church in Ukraine and to avoid hampering ecumenical dialogue with the [[Patriarch of Constantinople]].
===The Metropolis in independent Ukraine===
Following the [[collapse of Soviet Union]], the Major Archbishop returned to his archepiscopal see in [[Lviv]]. In June 2001, the Church enjoyed a visit from [[Pope John Paul II]]. On 25 November 1995, the '''Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Kyiv-Vyshhorod''' was created under the jurisdiction of the [[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Lviv|Archeparchy of Lviv]]. Originally, it covered all central, eastern and southern parts of Ukraine. Later (2002-2003), it lost territory to form new [[exarchate]]s for the eastern region (the Exarchate of Donets’k–Kharkiv) and the southern region (the [[Ukrainian Catholic Archiepiscopal Exarchate of Odesa|Exarchate of Odesa]]). On 6 December 2004, the remaining central region of the Exarchate was transformed into the '''Archeparchy of Kyiv'''. Since the "Synod of Polotsk" in 1838, Kyiv had been deprived of its own see. At the same time, an ecclesiastical province ("major archeparchy") was erected. The Archeparchy of Kyiv became the principal see of the newly created '''Major Archeparchy of Kyiv-Halych''', and thus a primatial see of the '''Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church'''.<ref>[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dkyuk.html Catholic Hierarchy: Archdiocese of Kyiv (Ukrainian)]</ref> The [[Cathedral|episcopal seat]] of the "Metropolis of Galicia" was transferred from [[St. George's Cathedral, Lviv|St. George's Cathedral]] in the city of Lviv to the [[Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ, Kyiv|Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ]] in the [[capital city]] of Ukraine — [[Kyiv]]. The title of the suppressed [[Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Kamyanets]] was united with it on 6 December 2004. On 21 November 2011, the Major Archeparchy lost three [[suffragan]] sees: [[Eparchy of Buchach|Buchach]] (Bučač) and [[Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Kolomyia|Kolomyia–Chernivtsi]] and [[Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Kamyanets-Podilskyi|Kamyanets]]; as a result, the [[Ukrainian Catholic Archeparchy of Kyiv|Archeparchy of Kyiv]] is the sole territory of the Major Archeparchy of Kyiv-Halych.
==List of primates==
===Metropolitans of Galicia and Archbishop of Lemberg===
* [[Antin Angelovych|Antin II]] (1808—1814)
* [[Mykhajlo Levitsky|Mykhailo II]] (1816—1858), also served as a Primate of Galicia and Lodomeria
* [[Hryhory Yakhymovych|Hryhoriy II]] (1859—1866)
* [[Spyrydon Lytvynovych|Spyrydon]] (1866—1869)
* [[Joseph Sembratovych|Josyf II]] (1870—1882)
* [[Sylvester Sembratovych|Sylvester]] (1882—1898)
* [[Julian Sas-Kuilovsky|Julian]] (1899-1900)
* [[Andrey Sheptytsky|Andrei]] (1900—1944)
* ''leading bishop'' [[Josyf Slipyj]] (1944-1945) In 1945, as the leading bishop of the Greek Catholic Church, he was arrested by the Soviet authorities. Following the Lviv Council (1946), the Greek Catholic Church was forcibly abolished on the territory of the [[Soviet Union]], and its property and clergy transferred to the [[Russian Orthodox Church]].
===Metropolitans of Galicia and Major Archbishops of Lviv===
*[[Josyf Slipyj|Josyf III]] (1963&ndash;1984, in exile) In 1963, he was elevated to the rank of [[Major archbishop]]. With [[fall of the Soviet Union]] in 1989, the Metropolis of Galicia was revived.
*[[Myroslav Ivan Lubachivsky|Myroslav]] (1984&ndash;14 December 2000)
*[[Lubomyr Husar]] (January 2001&ndash;21 August 2005)
===Major Archbishops of Kyiv-Galicia===
In 2005, the Exarchate of Kyiv-Galicia was transformed into a diocese and converted into an archdiocese. The new archdiocese was also turned into the Major Archbishop's see and reinstating the Kyiv see since the 1838 Synod of Polotsk.
*[[Lubomyr Husar]] (21 August 2005&ndash;10 February 2011)
*[[Sviatoslav Shevchuk]] (March 2011&ndash;incumbent) He was [[auxiliary bishop]] of the Major Archeparchy of Lviv during 1996–2000 and was [[apostolic administrator]] in 2000 until his appointment as Major Archbishop in 2001.
== Notes ==
{{notelist}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.kyiv.ugcc.org.ua Kyiv archeparchy]
* [http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/lviv0.htm  GCatholic.org information page about the Major Archdiocese]
{{Hierarchy of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church by eparchy}}
{{Ukrainian Catholic Hierarchy}}
{{Catholic dioceses in Ukraine}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ukrainian Catholic Major Archeparchy Of Kiev-Galicia}}
[[Category:Eparchies of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church in Ukraine|Kiev-Galicia]]
[[Category:2005 establishments in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Dioceses established in the 21st century]]
[[Category:Metropolis of Kyiv]]