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{{About|American manufacturer of proof presses|musician|Hale A. VanderCook}}
{{Infobox company
| name             = Vandercook & Sons
| logo             = Vandercooklogo.png
| logo_size        = 240px
| type             = [[Private company|Private]]
| foundation       = Chicago, Illinois ({{Start date|1909|09}})
| founder          = Robert Vandercook
| location_city    = Chicago, Illinois
| location_country = United States
| location         =
| area_served      =
| key_people       =
| industry         = [[Printing]]
| products         = Printing presses
| revenue          =
| num_employees    =
| successor        = NA Graphics
| footnotes        = http://vandercookpress.info/
}}
'''Vandercook & Sons''' was a manufacturer of [[printing press|proof press]]es, founded in 1909 by [[Robert Vandercook]]. They dominated the 20th century proof press industry by developing the first and the most widely used proof presses that did not rely on gravity for the force of their impression. As a result, Vandercook's [[gear]]ed presses were easier and more precise for an operator to use.
Vandercook was sold in 1968 to the [[Illinois Tool Works]], when it became Vandersons. The company changed hands many times and is now called NA Graphics, a letterpress supply house, located in [[Silverton, Colorado]].
==History==
In September 1909, Robert Vandercook founded Vandercook & Sons in Chicago, Illinois. The first press was a “rocker” proof press, made with a geared cylinder. Before the development of this press, all proofs were either made on a [[roller press]], which depended on gravity for impression or on a Washington Hand Press.
[[File:Vandercook & Sons (logo, 1968).jpg|thumb|right|Logo from 1968, right after being purchased by Illinois Tool Works.]]
During the next 54 years they introduced 60 different press models. Over the course of its 75 year production history, Vandercook manufactured more than 38,000 presses under its brand name. The name of Vandercook & Sons was used until 1968 when E.O. Vandercook sold the company to one of their suppliers, [[Illinois Tool Works]]. They only kept the company for four years and then sold it to one of their managers, Hugh Fletcher, who renamed the company Vandersons Corporation. Vandersons stopped manufacturing presses in 1976 at which time they only made models HS27, SP20,<ref>[http://vandercookpress.info/downloads/catalogs/SP20.pdf Vandercook & Sons, SP-20 Manual]</ref> SP25 and Universal I. After ceasing to manufacture presses, Vandersons continued selling parts and supplies for the thousands of presses that were still being used. In 1989 the company was sold to Stuart Evans.
[[File:Vandercook Universal I.jpg|thumb|A Vandercook Universal I located in The Arm, a letterpress shop in Brooklyn, New York.]]
In January 1994, Tom Bell and Hal Sterne of '''NA Graphics''' bought the company and moved it to [[Cincinnati, Ohio]]. Then in October 1996 they sold NA Graphics to Fritz Klinke who moved the operation to [[Silverton, Colorado]]. NA Graphics is still selling parts and supplies for many of the models of Vandercook presses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vandercookpress.info/vanderblog/bibliography/ |title=Vanderblog » Bibliography |publisher=Vandercookpress.info |date=2009-12-20 |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref><ref name="naparts">{{cite web |url=http://order.nagraph.com/cgi-sys/cgiwrap/nagraph/sc/productsearch.cgi?search_field=vandercook&storeid=*1298e5a0cbb20568944099 |title=Search Results for: vandercook |publisher=NA Graphics |accessdate=October 14, 2017}}</ref>
==Press models==
Before [[World War II]], Vandercook developed 29 models, 17 of which were still being manufactured many years after the war. The most popular of these models was #4, which was first made in 1935 and not discontinued until 1960. Many are still in use today. In 1948 they brought out the model 4T, which was used to pull transparency proofs of type on [[acetate]]. The acetate proofs could then be contacted to film for offset negatives. During World War II not many presses were made because Vandercook was heavily involved in manufacturing for the war effort, for which they received the E award. One press they made for the government during the war was a model 055, 51″ x 75″ in size.
With the exception of models 0, 01, 03 and 099, which were gravity type presses,<ref>{{cite web|author=Eric C Nevin, One Art Design |url=http://www.briarpress.org/18205 |title=Vandercook SP20 problem &#124; Briar Press &#124; A letterpress community |publisher=Briar Press |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> all of the Vandercooks had geared cylinders. The last models designed were the SP series (which stands for Simple Precision) and the Universal series. They are similar in design but the Universal presses were originally designed as Test presses for ink companies and paper mills. Most of them were made with automatic controls and adjustable beds (AB). The SP series were mostly hand presses. The SP15 was the most popular of them all.
Besides [[letterpress]] proof presses, Vandercook also made offset proof presses. The flat bed presses were the model 20-26 (wet) and 15-20 (dry). In 1968, they came out with model RO4-29.<ref>{{cite web|author=Eric C Nevin, One Art Design |url=http://www.briarpress.org/13849 |title=Vandercook Sp-20 serial # 28220 near Buffalo, NY &#124; Briar Press &#124; A letterpress community |publisher=Briar Press |date= |accessdate=2011-05-21}}</ref> This unique 4 color model was an offset proofing press that featured a common impression cylinder surrounded by the 4 printing units. This press was capable of running 1500 sheets per hour and automatically producing progressive proofs. They also made 4 color letterpress wet proof presses; model 604 which was brought out in 1947 and 10 years later replaced by model 30-26 which was made until 1972.
Prices for the early model rocker presses were from US$140 to $175 depending on the size. Forty years later the model 0 proof press was still only $175. Other prices in 1955 were: $1965 for a model 4 and $23,650 for a model 604. In 1958, The Universal I cost $2150.
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://vandercookpress.info/articles.html A collection of articles about Vandercook]
* [http://www.nagraph.com/ NA Graphics' website]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies based in Chicago]]
[[Category:Printing press manufacturers]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies established in 1909]]
[[Category:1909 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1994]]
[[Category:1994 disestablishments in Ohio]]