View source for Vlog

{{Short description|Form of blog for which the medium is video}}
{{redirect|YouTube Channel|the company's channel on YouTube|YouTube (YouTube channel)|the Wii channel of the same name|Wii system software#YouTube Channel|the hardware description language|Verilog}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
A '''vlog'''<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jul/09/merriam-webster-dictionary-new-words | location=London | work=The Guardian | first=Ed | last=Pilkington | title=Merriam-Webster releases list of new words to be included in dictionary | date=July 9, 2009 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160608032311/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2009/jul/09/merriam-webster-dictionary-new-words | archive-date=June 8, 2016 }}</ref> ({{IPAc-en|v|l|ɒ|ɡ}}), also known as a '''video blog''' or '''video log''', is a form of [[blog]] for which the medium is [[video]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Media Revolution: Podcasting |url=http://www.nefilm.com/news/archives/2006/02/podcasting.htm |website=New England Film |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814044000/http://www.nefilm.com/news/archives/2006/02/podcasting.htm |archive-date=August 14, 2006 }}</ref> Vlog entries often combine embedded video (or a video link) with supporting text, images, and other [[metadata]]. Entries can be recorded in one take or cut into multiple parts. Unlike a more general '''video diary''', vlogs are often recorded [[selfie|depicting the maker throughout]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Is it necessary to take only selfie videos while vlogging or can you do otherwise? |url=https://www.quora.com/Is-it-necessary-to-take-only-selfie-videos-while-vlogging-or-can-you-do-otherwise}}</ref>
In recent years, "vlogging" has spawned a large community on social media, becoming one of the most popular forms of digital entertainment. It is popularly believed that, alongside being entertaining, vlogs can deliver deep context through imagery<ref name=":03">{{Cite journal|last1=Huh|first1=Jina|last2=Liu|first2=Leslie S.|last3=Neogi|first3=Tina|last4=Inkpen|first4=Kori|last5=Pratt|first5=Wanda|date=2014-08-25|title=Health Vlogs as Social Support for Chronic Illness Management|journal=ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction|volume=21|issue=4|pages=1–31|doi=10.1145/2630067|pmid=26146474|pmc=4488232}}</ref> as opposed to written blogs.
Video logs (vlogs) also often take advantage of [[web syndication]] to allow for distribution of the video over the [[Internet]], using either the [[RSS]] or [[Atom (standard)|Atom]] syndication formats, for automatic aggregation and playback on mobile devices and personal computers (see [[video podcast]]).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ashley |first=Jake |title=Guide to Starting a Vlog |date=9 November 2021 |url=https://vlogging.co.uk/guide-to-starting-a-vlog}}</ref> The vlog category is popular on the video-sharing platform [[YouTube]].
==History==
{{See also|History of blogging}}
In the 1980s, New York artist [[Nelson Sullivan]] documented his experiences travelling around New York City and South Carolina by recording videos in a distinctive vlog-like style.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remembering New York's Downtown Documentarian Nelson Sullivan|url=https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/8gdv3v/remembering-downtowns-documentarian-nelson-sullivan|last=Colucci|first=Emily|date=2014-07-07|website=Vice|language=en|access-date=2020-05-02}}</ref>
On January 2, 2000, Adam Kontras posted a video alongside a blog entry aimed at informing his friends and family of his cross-country move to [[Los Angeles]] in pursuit of [[show business]], marking the first post on what would later become the longest-running video blog in history.<ref name="kontraspost">{{cite web|url=http://www.4tvs.com/Journey/Pages/J1200.html |title=Talk about moving in the 21st Century... |last=Kontras |first=Adam |date=January 2, 2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010127090400/http://www.4tvs.com/Journey/Pages/J1200.html |archive-date=January 27, 2001 |access-date=June 3, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="nakedlens">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=grhR1eYswPkC&pg=PA37|title=Naked Lens: Video Blogging & Video Journaling to Reclaim the YOU in YouTube™|last=Kaminsky|first=Michael Sean|publisher=Organik Media, Inc.|year=2010|isbn=978-0-9813188-0-6|page=37|access-date=April 9, 2010}}</ref><ref name="kapusomo">{{cite web|url=http://blogs.gmanews.tv/kapuso-mo-jessica-soho/2009/02/11/video-blog/|title=Pinoy Culture Video Blog|author=Kapuso Mo, Jessica Soho|language=fil|publisher=[[GMA Network]]|date=February 7, 2009|access-date=February 28, 2009|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302103140/http://blogs.gmanews.tv/kapuso-mo-jessica-soho/2009/02/11/video-blog/|archive-date=March 2, 2009|author-link=Kapuso Mo, Jessica Soho}}</ref> In November of that year, Adrian Miles posted a video of changing text on a still image, coining the term ''vog'' to refer to his video blog.<ref name="milesvideo1">{{cite web|url=http://vogmae.net.au/vog/2000/11/welcome/ |title=Welcome |last=Miles |first=Adrian |date=November 27, 2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040108152653/http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/vog/vog_archive/000082.html |archive-date=January 8, 2004 |access-date=June 3, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="milesvideo2">{{cite web|url=http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/vog/12.2000/27.11.00.html |title=vog |last=Miles |first=Adrian |date=November 27, 2000 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010723205211/http://hypertext.rmit.edu.au/vog/12.2000/27.11.00.html |archive-date=July 23, 2001 |access-date=June 3, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Filmmaker and musician [[Aux Raus|Luuk Bouwman]] started in 2002 the now-defunct Tropisms.org site as a video diary of his post-college travels, one of the first sites to be called a vlog or videolog.<ref>{{cite web|title=vlogging: collaborative online video blogging at tropisms.org|url=https://boingboing.net/2002/12/26/vlogging-collaborati.html|website=boingboing|access-date=7 February 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208064155/https://boingboing.net/2002/12/26/vlogging-collaborati.html|archive-date=8 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Seenan|first1=Gerard|title=Forget the bloggers, it's the vloggers showing the way on the internet|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2004/aug/07/travelnews.travel|access-date=7 February 2018|work=The Guardian|date=7 August 2004|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180208123405/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2004/aug/07/travelnews.travel|archive-date=8 February 2018}}</ref> In 2004, [[Steve Garfield]] launched his own video blog and declared that year "the year of the video blog".<ref name="garfieldyearoftheblog">{{cite web|url=http://homepage.mac.com/stevegarfield/videoblog/year_of.html |title=2004: The Year of the Video Blog |last=Garfield |first=Steve |author-link=Steve Garfield |date=January 1, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041231011613/http://homepage.mac.com/stevegarfield/videoblog/year_of.html |archive-date=December 31, 2004 |access-date=June 3, 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="garfieldyearoftheblog2">{{cite web |url=http://stevegarfield.blogs.com/videoblog/2004/01/index.html |title=2004: The Year of the Video Blog |access-date=April 25, 2011 |last=Garfield |first=Steve |date=January 1, 2004 |work=Steve Garfield's Video Blog |publisher=Steve Garfield |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510085851/http://stevegarfield.blogs.com/videoblog/2004/01/index.html |archive-date=May 10, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===YouTube===
[[File:Vlogger greeting viewer.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|A YouTube vlogger greeting his audience]]
Vlogging saw a strong increase in popularity beginning in 2005. The most popular video sharing site, [[YouTube]], was founded in February 2005. The site's co-founder [[Jawed Karim]] uploaded the first YouTube vlog clip ''[[Me at the zoo]]'' on his [[YouTuber|channel]] "[[Jawed Karim|jawed]]" in April 2005.<ref>{{cite news |title=YouTube created a FOMO viewing culture over the past 13 years |url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/4/23/17272402/first-youtube-video-anniversary-13-jawed-karim |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |date=April 23, 2018}}</ref> The ordinary "everydayness" and "dry aesthetics" of ''Me at the zoo'' set the tone for the type of amateur vlogging content that would become typical of YouTube, especially among [[YouTubers]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Duplantier |first1=Aaron |title=Authenticity and How We Fake It: Belief and Subjectivity in Reality TV, Facebook and YouTube |date=2016 |publisher=[[McFarland & Company|McFarland]] |isbn=9780786498499 |page=122 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CdPIDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA122}}</ref> By July 2006, YouTube had become the fifth most popular web destination, with 100{{nbsp}}million videos viewed daily and 65,000 new uploads per day.<ref name="usatoday100million">{{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-07-16-youtube-views_x.htm|title=YouTube serves up 100 million videos a day online|work=USA Today|publisher=Gannett Co. Inc.|date=July 16, 2006|access-date=July 28, 2006|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060814024104/http://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/2006-07-16-youtube-views_x.htm|archive-date=August 14, 2006}}</ref> The [[Yahoo!]] Videoblogging Group also saw its membership increase dramatically by August 2005.<ref name="businessweek_pioneers">Those darn video blogging pioneers [http://www.businessweek.com/the_thread/blogspotting/archives/2005/08/those_darn_vide.html BusinessWeek] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070717022559/http://www.businessweek.com/the_thread/blogspotting/archives/2005/08/those_darn_vide.html |date=July 17, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="wired_vlogging">Blogging + Video = Vlogging [https://www.wired.com/entertainment/music/news/2005/07/68171 Wired News] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080411002100/http://www.wired.com/entertainment/music/news/2005/07/68171 |date=April 11, 2008 }}</ref>
Many [[Open-source software|open source]] [[content management system]]s have enabled the inclusion of video content, allowing bloggers to host and administer their own video blogging sites. In addition, the convergence of mobile phones with digital cameras allows publishing of video content to the Web almost as it is recorded.<ref name="journalism_mobile_blogging">{{cite web |url=http://www.journalism.co.uk/2/articles/530925.php |title=Mobile blogging for journalists |publisher=Journalism.co.uk |date=January 15, 2008 |access-date=December 17, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120235543/https://www.journalism.co.uk/2/articles/530925.php |archive-date=November 20, 2015 }}</ref> [[Radio station|Radio]] and [[television station]]s may use video blogging as a way to help interact more with listeners and viewers.{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}}
Throughout the lifetime of the YouTube platform, vloggers have developed large social communities by expressing emotions of vulnerability and encouraging their viewers to do the same. The effect of this emotional exchange between strangers has been documented, for example, in the popularity of bereavement vlogs, in which grieving individuals reassure each other through friendly comments.<ref name=":23">{{Cite journal|last=Gibson|first=Margaret|date=December 2016|title=YouTube and bereavement vlogging: Emotional exchange between strangers|journal=Journal of Sociology|volume=52|issue=4|pages=631–645|doi=10.1177/1440783315573613|s2cid=147535146|issn=1440-7833}}</ref>
===Miscellaneous events===
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* 2005, January – Vloggercon, the first vlogger conference, is held in New York City.<ref>Watch me@Vlog [http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/City_Supplements/Delhi_Times/Watch_meVlog/articleshow/msid-1184088,curpg-1.cms The Times of India] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014104849/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Cities/City_Supplements/Delhi_Times/Watch_meVlog/articleshow/msid-1184088,curpg-1.cms |date=2007-10-14 }}</ref>
* 2006, November – [[Irina Slutsky]] created and hosted The Vloggies, the first annual video blog awards.<ref>A Night at the Vloggies [http://www.redherring.com/Article.aspx?a=19588&hed=A+Night+at+the+Vloggies Red Herring]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
* 2007, May and August – ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]'' places a grandmother<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117880450303898581?slide=5 |title=Today's WSJ in Photos: May 10, 2007 - WSJ |access-date=2017-08-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809132231/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117880450303898581?slide=5 |archive-date=2017-08-09 }}</ref> on the front page of its Personal Journal section.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117876177359697968?mod=googlewsj|title=Using YouTube for Posterity|first=Jessica E.|last=Vascellaro|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|page=D1|date=May 10, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809131826/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB117876177359697968?mod=googlewsj|archive-date=August 9, 2017}}</ref> In August 2007, she was featured on an ''[[ABC World News Tonight]]'' segment<ref>{{cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Video/playerIndex?id=3459908|title=The Elderly YouTube Generation|website=[[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]|date=August 8, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821191244/http://abcnews.go.com/Video/playerIndex?id=3459908|archive-date=August 21, 2012}}</ref> showing the elderly now becoming involved in the online video world.
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===Guinness World Record===
In May 2019, [[Charles Trippy]] was awarded the [[Guinness World Records|Guinness World Record]] for the "Most Consecutive Daily Personal Video Blogs Posted On YouTube", having recorded 3653 consecutive videos to his ''Charles and Allie'' YouTube channel over the previous ten years.<ref>{{cite web |title=Most consecutive daily personal video blogs posted on YouTube |url=https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/most-consecutive-daily-personal-video-blogs-posted-on-youtube/ |website=Guinness World Records |date=May 2019 |access-date=26 March 2022 |language=en-gb}}</ref>
== Uses ==
===Impressions===
Vlogs have made it possible to learn about a Vlogger's persona, culture, and impressions using non-verbal hints. Researchers have conducted experiments using crowdsourcing for Amazons Mechanical Turk to determine what kind of personality traits the Vlogger might have.<ref name=":33" /> Many Vlogs have been personified by five big personality traits such as Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Neuroticism, and Openness to Experience. Along with Mechanical Turk, researchers also looked at the cues that take place within Vlogs. Vlogs can be broken down to their elements considering that there are a lot of factors that play in the creation of one such as placement of camera, lighting, location, amount of time spent looking at the camera, pitch, delivery and amount of the interactions. Using this information and crowdsourcing, results have revealed that the highest rate in personality research was Agreeableness which makes Vlogging a great place to form Agreeable impressions. However, more non-verbal hints are more noticeable in other form traits such as Extraversion. Regardless, Personality impressions have made a more interesting Vlog viewing experience.<ref name=":33">{{Cite journal|last1=Biel|first1=Joan-Isaac|last2=Gatica-Perez|first2=Daniel|date=January 2013|title=The YouTube Lens: Crowdsourced Personality Impressions and Audiovisual Analysis of Vlogs|journal=IEEE Transactions on Multimedia|volume=15|issue=1|pages=41–55|doi=10.1109/tmm.2012.2225032|s2cid=11639330|issn=1520-9210}}</ref>
===Education===
Vlogging has been experimented with school systems to determine if it is a reliable platform to deliver higher educational practices to students. Researchers have done an experiment that placed 42 college [[freshmen]] into a control and experimental group of 21 each.<ref name=":13" /> Oral proficiency exams were given to all students to reflect their current speech skills, after a year of teachings based on each of the groups preference. The control group was instructed to work with their standard writing skills and create their own blogs, while the Experimental group tested their skills with online interaction. Scores for both groups had increased after both tests, however the experimental group had outperformed the control group due to the improvement of speech proficiency that came as a result of a more interactive learning environment between teachers and classmates. The control group claimed that not using video blogs "lowered their confidence" in their speaking proficiency.<ref name=":13">{{Cite journal|last=Liu|first=Mei-hui|date=July 2016|title=Blending a class video blog to optimize student learning outcomes in higher education|journal=The Internet and Higher Education|volume=30|pages=44–53|doi=10.1016/j.iheduc.2016.03.001}}</ref>
===Health===
Researchers have investigated how vlog-style YouTube videos made by creators who suffer from chronic illnesses can raise health awareness among viewers and create social communities among those suffering. A 2014 study evaluated the contextual relationship between vloggers who shared that they had diabetes, cancer, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and their audiences.<ref name=":03" />  Most of the creators of these vlogs chose to focus their videos on how disease diagnosis and treatment had impacted them physically and emotionally. Commenters on the vlogs who shared personal characteristics formed ad hoc small groups; these impromptu support groups expanded over time as more and more people discovered the health vlogs.<ref name=":03"/>
== Live broadcasting ==
[[File:SerpentRick (cropped).jpg|thumb|upright|A Twitch streamer broadcasting live]]
YouTube announced a live broadcasting feature called [[YouTube Live]] in 2008. This feature was also established by other social platforms such as [[Instagram]], [[Facebook]] and [[Twitch (service)|Twitch]].
== YouTube presence ==
YouTube currently ranks among the top three most-visited sites on the web.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alexa.com/topsites|title=Alexa Top 500 Global Sites|access-date=September 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150302173920/http://www.alexa.com/topsites|archive-date=March 2, 2015}}</ref> As a high traffic area for video bloggers, or ''vloggers'', YouTube has created a platform for these participants to present their personal videos, which oftentimes are filmed using hand held point and shoot cameras.<ref name="onlinelibrary.wiley.com">{{cite journal|last1=Stefanone|first1=Michael A.|last2=Lackaff|first2=Derek|title=Reality Television as a Model for Online Behavior: Blogging, Photo, and Video Sharing|journal=Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication|date=July 2009|volume=14|issue=4|pages=964–987|doi=10.1111/j.1083-6101.2009.01477.x|doi-access=free}}</ref> The popularity of vlogs in the YouTube community has risen exponentially in the past few years;<ref>{{cite journal|author=R. Hovden|title=Bibliometrics for Internet media: Applying the h-index to YouTube|journal=Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology|year=2013|volume=64|issue=11|pages=2326–2331|doi=10.1002/asi.22936|arxiv=1303.0766|bibcode=2013arXiv1303.0766H|s2cid=38708903}}</ref> out of the top 100 most subscribed YouTube channels, 17 provide vlogs as their primary style of footage.<ref name="onlinelibrary.wiley.com"/>  Many of these vloggers are a part of the YouTube Partner Program, which professionalizes the industry and allows for monetary gain from video production.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/72851?hl=en|title=What is the YouTube Partner Program?|access-date=September 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140916175325/https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/72851?hl=en|archive-date=September 16, 2014}}</ref> This professionalization additionally helps increase exposure to various channels as well as creates a sense of stability within the field. Additionally, this professionalization allows content creators to be deemed a credible source by their viewers. Furthermore, many vloggers have been able to turn their channels into sustainable careers; in 2013, the highest paid vlogger brought in a minimum of $720,000 for the year.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://newmediarockstars.com/2013/05/how-much-do-youtubers-make-the-top-20-earning-creators-adsense-salaries-revealed-infographic/|title=How Much Do YouTubers Make? The Top 25 Earning Creators' Adsense Salaries Revealed [Infographic]|work=New Media Rockstars|access-date=September 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218081423/http://newmediarockstars.com/2013/05/how-much-do-youtubers-make-the-top-20-earning-creators-adsense-salaries-revealed-infographic/|archive-date=December 18, 2014}}</ref> Hollywood is taking notice of this rising medium, and has placed its value ranked over other entertainment companies such as Marvel, which is also owned by Disney.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2014/jun/02/youtube-maker-studios-marvel-disney|title=Why is YouTube brand Maker Studios worth more than Marvel to Disney?|work=the Guardian|date=2 June 2014 |access-date=September 26, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715003549/http://www.theguardian.com/media-network/media-network-blog/2014/jun/02/youtube-maker-studios-marvel-disney|archive-date=July 15, 2014}}</ref>
==See also==
* [[History of blogging]]
* [[Lifecasting (video stream)]]
* [[Livestream]]
* [[Photoblog]]
* [[Parasocial interaction]]
* [[Video podcast]]
* [[Ebook#vBook|vBook]]
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Video blogging}}
* [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=postid;cc=postid;q1=Winter%202007;rgn=main;view=text;idno=pid9999.0005.106 A Certain Tendency in Videoblogging and Rethinking the Rebirth of the Author, academic essay on videoblogging]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080828135518/http://www.esotericrabbit.com/essays/post_cinema.pdf A Post-Cinema of Distractions: On the Genealogical Constitution of Personal Videoblogging, academic essay on videoblogging]
* [http://www.aslvlog.net/ ASL Vlog & Video Directory]
{{Blog topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Video Blogging}}
[[Category:Video blogs| ]]
[[Category:Film and video technology]]
[[Category:Streaming television|*]]
[[Category:Videographers|.]]
[[Category:Web syndication]]
[[Category:Technology in society]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:American inventions]]
[[Category:German inventions]]