View source for W. H. C. Frend

{{Short description|British ecclesiastical historian and archaeologist (1916–2005)}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
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{{more citations needed|date=January 2012}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix   = [[The Reverend]]
| name               = W.&nbsp;H.&nbsp;C. Frend
| honorific_suffix   = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FSA|FRSE|FRHistS|FBA|size=100%}}
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| birth_name         = William Hugh Clifford Frend
| birth_date         = {{birth date|1916|01|11|df=yes}}
| birth_place        = [[Shottermill]], England
| death_date         = {{death date and age|2005|08|01|1916|01|11|df=yes}}
| death_place        =
| party              = [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]]
| spouse             = {{marriage|Mary Frend|1951|2002|end=died}}
| module             = {{Infobox clergy |child=yes
| religion           = Christianity ([[Anglican]])
| church             = {{ubl | [[Scottish Episcopal Church]] | [[Church of England]]}}
| ordained           = {{hlist | 1982 (deacon) | 1983 (priest)}}
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| module2            = {{Infobox academic |child=yes
| education         = {{ubl | [[Keble College, Oxford]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[MA (Oxon)|MA]], [[DPhil]])}}
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| discipline         = History
| sub_discipline     = [[Ecclesiastical history]]
| workplaces         = {{ubl | [[University of Cambridge]] | [[University of Glasgow]]}}
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| influenced         = [[Peter Brown (historian)|Peter Brown]]
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| module3            = {{Infobox military person |embed=yes
| branch             = [[British Army]]
| branch_label       = Service
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'''William Hugh Clifford Frend''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|FSA|FRSE|FRHistS|FBA}} (11 January 1916 – 1 August 2005) was an English [[ecclesiastical historian]], archaeologist, and [[Anglican priest]].
==Academic career==
* [[Haileybury and Imperial Service College|Haileybury College]] (scholar)
* [[Keble College, Oxford|Keble College]], [[University of Oxford|Oxford]] (scholar, BA first class in modern history 1937, [[Master of Arts (Oxbridge)|MA]] 1951, DPhil with thesis on Donatists 1940, DD 1966)
* Craven Scholarship to study in Berlin (with Hans Lietzmann) and North Africa
* Research fellowship at [[University of Nottingham]]
* Associate Director, [[Egypt Exploration Society]], Q'asr Ibrim, Nubia 1963–64
* Bye Fellow of [[Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge|Gonville and Caius College]], [[University of Cambridge|Cambridge]] (BD 1964)
* Fellow and [[University of Cambridge|university]] lecturer in [[divinity (academic discipline)|divinity]]. During this time [[Charles III]], then reading archaeology and anthropology at [[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity]], was one of his students.
* [[Professor of Ecclesiastical History, Glasgow|Professor of Ecclesiastical History]], and Dean of the Faculty of Divinity, in the [[University of Glasgow]] 1969–84 (Emeritus 1984–2005)
* Chairman, [[Association of University Teachers]] 1976–78
* Frend once stood for local government as [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal Party]] candidate in Cambridge
* In the 1980s he worked at Carthage with a team from the [[University of Michigan]]
* In retirement was again elected Bye Fellow of [[Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge|Caius]] and in his last years wrote a new book about the early life of Augustine
==Military career==
* Assistant Principal, War Office 1940
* Seconded to Cabinet Office and served on Committees for Allied Supplies and the Free French
* Liaison officer, Psychological Warfare Branch, Tunis
* Service in Austria for 18 months
* Italy
* [[Commissioned officer#Commissioned officers|Commissioned officer]], [[2nd (The Queen's Royal) Regiment of Foot|Queen's Royal Regiment]] 1947–67
==Ministry==
Frend inclined towards the [[low church]] tradition. He was a sometimes reluctant liberal who cautiously supported the [[ordination of women]] but criticised Bishop [[David Jenkins (bishop)|David Jenkins]] of Durham over his non-traditional ideas about Christmas. He was considered a good and humble pastor and an enlightening, if theologically unconventional, preacher.
* Reader 1956–82
* Ordained deacon in the [[Scottish Episcopal Church]] 1982
* Non stipendiary minister, [[Aberfoyle, Stirling|Aberfoyle]] 1982–84
* Ordained priest in the [[Scottish Episcopal Church]] 1983
* Priest-in-charge, [[Barnwell, Northamptonshire|Barnwell]] with [[Thurning, Northamptonshire|Thurning]] and [[Luddington in the Brook, Northamptonshire|Luddington]] 1984–90
* [[Permission to officiate]] in the [[Diocese of Ely]] 1990–2005
* Until his death, he continued to take two services every month
==Public recognition==
* [[Krzyż Zasługi z Mieczami|Złoty Krzyż Zasługi z Mieczami (Gold Cross of Merit with Swords)]], [[Polish government in Exile|Government of the Polish Republic in Exile]]
* [[Territorial Decoration|Territorial Efficiency Decoration]] 1959
* [[Society of Antiquaries of London|Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London]] 1952
* [[Royal Historical Society|Fellow of the Royal Historical Society]] 1954
* President of the [[Ecclesiastical History Society]] (1971–72)<ref>[https://www.history.ac.uk/ehsoc/about/past-ehs-presidents Past Presidents - Ecclesiastical History Society]</ref>
* [[Doctor of Divinity|D.D. ''honoris causa'']], [[University of Edinburgh]] 1974
* [[Royal Society of Edinburgh|Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]] 1979
* [[British Academy|Fellow of the British Academy]] 1983
* He set up and financed the Frend Medal, awarded by the [[Society of Antiquaries of London|Society of Antiquaries]] for archaeology, history and topography of the early Christian Church.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sal.org.uk/books/theantiquariesjournal/volume-83-2003/index_html/view?searchterm=frend%20medal |title=Society of Antiquaries of London – Volume 83, 2003 |work=sal.org.uk |year=2011 |quote=archaeology, history and topography of the early Christian Church |access-date=3 June 2011}}</ref> Recipients include [[Harold McCarter Taylor]] and [[Charles Thomas (historian)|Charles Thomas]] (1981),<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sal.org.uk/obituaries/Obituary%20archive/harold-taylor/view?searchterm=frend%20medal |title=Society of Antiquaries of London – Harold McCarter Taylor, C.B.E., T.D., M.A., MSc, PhD |work=sal.org.uk |year=2011 |quote=Charles Thomas |access-date=3 June 2011}}</ref> [[Philip Rahtz]] (2003), [[Günter P. Gehring]] (2000)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sal.org.uk/books/theantiquariesjournal/volume-80-2000/index_html/view?searchterm=frend%20medal |title=Society of Antiquaries of London – Volume 80, 2000 |work=sal.org.uk |year=2011 |quote= Günter P Gehring |access-date=3 June 2011}}</ref> [[Birthe Kjølbye-Biddle]] (1986),<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sal.org.uk/obituaries/birthekjlbyebiddle/view?searchterm=frend%20medal |title=Society of Antiquaries of London – Birthe Kjølbye-Biddle |work=sal.org.uk |year=2011 |quote=1986 |access-date=3 June 2011}}</ref> [[Nancy Gauthier]] (2002),<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sal.org.uk/books/theantiquariesjournal/volume-82-2002/index_html/view?searchterm=frend%20medal |title=Society of Antiquaries of London – Volume 82, 2002 |work=sal.org.uk |year=2011 |quote= Nancy Gauthier |access-date=3 June 2011}}</ref> and Samuel Turner 2004.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.sal.org.uk/salon/sal87/view?searchterm=frend%20medal |title=Society of Antiquaries of London – Salon 87 – 25 April 2004 |work=sal.org.uk |year=2011 |quote=Samuel Turner |access-date=3 June 2011}}</ref>
==Family==
Frend was married to Mary Grace (née Crook; 1951–2002). They had one son, Simon, and one daughter, Sally. His father was a priest of [[high church]] persuasion.
==Major works==
* ''The Donatist Church: A Movement of Protest in Roman North Africa'' (1951)
* ''Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church'' (1965)
* ''The Rise of the Monophysite Movement'' (1972)
* ''The Rise of Christianity'' (1984)
==Works and publications<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.goodreads.com/author/list/657183.William_H_C_Frend |title=Books by William H.C. Frend}}</ref>==
* ''The Donatist Church: A Movement of Protest in Roman North Africa'', 1951
* ''Early Church'', 1964
* ''Martyrdom and Persecution in the Early Church'', 1965
* ''Saints & Sinners in the Early Church: Differing & Conflicting Traditions in the First Six Centuries'', 1970
* ''The Rise of the Monophysite Movement'', 1972
* ''Religion, Popular and Unpopular in the Early Christian Centuries'', 1976
* ''Town and Country in the Early Christian Centuries'', 1980
* ''The Rise of Christianity'', 1984
* ''Archaeology and History in the Study of Early Christianity'', 1988
* ''The Archaeology of Early Christianity: A History'', 1996
* ''Orthodoxy, Paganism and Dissent in the Early Christian Centuries'', 2002
* ''From Dogma to History: How Our Understanding of the Early Church Developed'', 2003
===Works co-authored with J. Stevenson===
* ''A New Eusebius: Documents Illustrating the History of the Church to AD 337''<br>J. Stevenson (Editor of the 1957 First Edition), William H. C. Frend (Co-Revisor for the 1987 Second Edition)
* ''Creeds, Councils and Controversies: Documents Illustrating the History of the Church, AD 337–461''<br>J. Stevenson (Editor of the 1966 First Edition), William H. C. Frend (Co-Revisor for the 1989 Second Edition)
==See also==
* [[List of Professorships at the University of Glasgow]]
* [[Trinity College, Glasgow]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
* [http://www.churchtimes.co.uk/content.asp?id=12564 ''Church Times'' obituary]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060406074121/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2005/08/11/db1101.xml ''Telegraph'' obituary]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110524055556/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article558285.ece ''The Times'' obituary]
* [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/the-rev-professor-w-h-c-frend-306942.html ''The Independent'' obituary]
{{s-start}}
{{s-aca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[John Foster (ecclesiastical historian)|John Foster]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Professor of Ecclesiastical History (Glasgow)|Professor of Ecclesiastical History]]<br />at the [[University of Glasgow]]|years=1969–1984}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ian Hazlett]]}}
{{s-npo|pro}}
{{s-bef|before=[[W.&nbsp;R. Ward]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=President of the [[Ecclesiastical History Society]]|years=1971–1972}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Geoffrey Nuttall]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Frend, William Hugh Clifford}}
[[Category:1916 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century English Anglican priests]]
[[Category:20th-century English historians]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Glasgow]]
[[Category:Alumni of Keble College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Anglican scholars]]
[[Category:British historians of religion]]
[[Category:Fellows of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Historical Society]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London]]
[[Category:Fellows of the British Academy]]
[[Category:Historians of Christianity]]
[[Category:People educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College]]
[[Category:People from Haslemere]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Ecclesiastical History Society]]
[[Category:20th-century Scottish Episcopalian priests]]
[[Category:21st-century Scottish Episcopalian priests]]