View source for WTTW

{{Short description|PBS member station in Chicago}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Advert|date=October 2021}}
{{More citations needed|date=November 2019}}
}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2024}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox television station
| callsign               = WTTW
| city                   =
| logo                   = WTTW logo.svg
| logo_size              =
| branding               = WTTW
| digital                = 25 ([[UHF]])
| virtual                = 11
| subchannels            =
| translators            =
| affiliations           = {{ubl|'''11.1:''' [[PBS]]|''for others, see {{section link||Subchannels}}''}}
| owner                  = Window to the World Communications, Inc.
| licensee               =
| location               = [[Chicago, Illinois]]
| country                = United States
| airdate                = {{Start date and age|1955|9|6|p=y}}
| last_airdate           =
| callsign_meaning       = "Window To The World"
| sister_stations        = [[WFMT]]
| former_callsigns       =
| former_channel_numbers = {{ubl|'''Analog:''' 11 ([[VHF]], 1955–2009)|'''Digital:''' 47 (UHF, 2002–2019)}}
| former_affiliations    = [[National Educational Television|NET]] (1955–1970)
| erp                    = 250 [[kW]]
| haat                   = {{convert|496|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}
| facility_id            = 10802
| coordinates            = {{coord|41|52|44.1|N|87|38|10.2|W|type:landmark_scale:2000|display=inline, title}}
| licensing_authority    = [[FCC]]
| website                = {{URL|www.wttw.com}}
}}
'''WTTW''' (channel 11) is a [[PBS]] member [[television station]] in [[Chicago, Illinois]], United States. Owned by [[non-profit organization|not-for-profit]] broadcaster Window to the World Communications, Inc., it is [[sister station|sister]] to [[commercial broadcasting|commercial]] [[classical music]] radio station [[WFMT]] (98.7 FM). The two stations share studios in the Renée Crown Public Media Center, located at 5400 North Saint Louis Avenue (adjacent to the main campus of [[Northeastern Illinois University]]) in the city's [[North Park, Chicago|North Park]] neighborhood; its transmitter facility is atop the [[Willis Tower]] on South [[Wacker Drive]] in the [[Chicago Loop]]. WTTW also owns and operates The Chicago Production Center, a video production and editing facility that is operated alongside the two stations.
WTTW is one of two PBS member stations serving the [[Chicago market]], alongside [[Gary, Indiana]]–licensed [[WYIN]] (channel 56). WTTW, along with [[PBS Wisconsin]] [[flagship station]] WHA-TV in [[Madison, Wisconsin]], serve as default PBS member stations for [[Rockford, Illinois|Rockford]] as that [[media market|market]] does not have a PBS station of its own; both stations are available in that market on local [[cable television|cable]] and [[Satellite television|satellite]] providers.
==History==
WTTW first signed on the air on September 6, 1955, as a member station of [[National Educational Television]] (NET).<ref>{{FCC letter|letterid=84322|hcards=yes|callsign=WTTW}}</ref> The station was founded by a group of civic-minded Chicagoans, led by [[Inland Steel]] executive Edward R. Ryerson. Channel 11 came to life during the first year of the inaugural term of [[Mayor of Chicago|Mayor]] [[Richard J. Daley]]; Daley, Ryerson and businessman [[Irving B. Harris]] were responsible for creating WTTW, which began its life with studios and offices in Chicago's Banker's Building. It also had a 'working exhibit' facility at the [[Museum of Science and Industry (Chicago)|Museum of Science and Industry]] in Chicago's [[Jackson Park (Chicago)|Jackson Park]]. The WTTW call letters were chosen as the founders wanted the station to be Chicago's "Window To The World". The station's transmitter was given to WTTW by the staff and management of the defunct [[KS2XBS]], a [[pay television]] station operated by [[Zenith Radio Corporation]] on VHF channel 2 that was forced to shut down as a result of [[CBS]] [[owned-and-operated station]] [[WBBM-TV]]'s relocation to that channel in July 1953.
Ryerson recruited a young communications lawyer, [[Newton N. Minow]], to join the station's board; Minow would serve as both [[chairman]] of the WTTW board and as Commissioner of the FCC under the administration of President [[John F. Kennedy]]. Irving B. Harris, Henry W. "Brick" Meers, [[John W. McCarter]] Jr., Martin J. "Mike" Koldyke and Sandra P. Guthman have served as chairman of the board for the public broadcaster in subsequent decades. Guthman, a member of the [[Polk Brothers]] family of Chicago, is the current chairman of the board, having served in that post since October 2003.
Minow stated that the only really important decision that he made during his tenure as chair of WTTW was the recruitment of William J. McCarter Jr. as president and [[chief executive officer]], a post which he held for 27 years. Having run public station [[WETA-TV]] in [[Washington, D.C.]], McCarter—a decorated [[Korean War]] hero and a veteran television pioneer—got his start in the broadcasting industry as a cameraman for ''[[American Bandstand]]'' and then as a part of the [[Army-McCarthy hearings]] on [[Capitol Hill]]. McCarter developed the concept of the political [[Round table (discussion)|roundtable]] that is now a staple of television news.{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}} In non-commercial television circles, McCarter is referred to as the "architect" of [[public television]] (his friends know him as the man who kicked [[Bob Dylan]]—who was set to tape an episode of ''[[Soundstage (TV program)|SoundStage]]'' and was found by McCarter asleep on the couch in the room—out of his office, waking the bearded Dylan up and ushering him out of the office after McCarter returned from a meeting).{{Citation needed|date=March 2019}}
[[File:Birgit Ridderstedt on WTTW 1959.jpg|thumb|300px|[[Birgit Ridderstedt]] rehearsing and performing on WTTW's ''Totem Club'' in 1959]]
During the 1960s, WTTW aired educational programming during the daytime hours, showing programs produced under the auspices of Chicago Area Schools Television (CAST). Programs from "TV College", covering college subjects, were also shown on weekdays. Other afternoon shows included a locally produced series titled ''The Storyteller'', which featured a children's story presented weekdays at 5:30&nbsp;p.m., and was sponsored by the locally based [[Marshall Field & Company]] department store chain.
In 1962, WTTW's owner, then known as the Chicago Educational Television Association (CETA) began efforts for a second educational station. {{r|hc}}<ref>{{cite news|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1962/1962-10-22-BC.pdf|date=October 22, 1962|work=Broadcasting|id={{ProQuest|1014455356}}|access-date=February 6, 2021|title=Etv assignments made in Chicago, New Mexico|page=60|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308043816/https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1962/1962-10-22-BC.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> to air additional classroom instructional courses, especially those displaced as more and more of its own broadcast day was filled first with programming from [[National Educational Television]] (NET). <ref name="Chic630908">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103051722/educational-tv-to-go-on-uhf-plan-channe/|date=September 8, 1963|page=10|title=Educational TV to Go on UHF: Plan Channel 20 Opening Next September|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|location=Chicago, Illinois|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 2, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/chicago-tribune-wttw-to-seek-first-uhf-t/126715564/|date=April 14, 1962|page=42|first=Robert|last=Wiedrich|title=WTTW To Seek First UHF TV Station Here: FCC Told of Plan to Further Education|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 19, 2023}}</ref><!-- Sat --><ref name="Chic640426">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103048027/may-brings-uhf-tuners-on-all-sets/|date=April 26, 1964|page=10:12|first=Larry|last=Wolters|title=May Brings UHF Tuners on All Sets|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|location=Chicago, Illinois|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 2, 2022}}</ref><!-- Sun --><ref name="Chic650602">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103047768/channels-11-and-20-plan-treats-on-tv/|date=June 2, 1965|page=50|title=Channels 11 and 20 Plan Treats on TV|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|location=Chicago, Illinois|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 2, 2022}}</ref>
On September 20, 1965, sister station [[WYCC|WXXW]] signed on as Chicago's second UHF television station on channel 20.<ref name="Berw651020">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103048258/dedicate-new-educational-television-cent/|date=October 20, 1965|page=21|title=Dedicate New Educational Television Center Sunday|newspaper=Berwyn Life|location=Berwyn, Illinois|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 2, 2022}}</ref>
On October 5, 1970, WTTW became a charter member station of the Public Broadcasting Service ([[PBS]]).
WTTW did not air shows on Saturdays until the summer of 1972. At first, it only had a limited schedule until 2 p.m. Then, in 1974, it expanded to a full day. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, WTTW was used to test stereo sound<ref>{{cite magazine |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=March 1985 |title=WTTW Launches New Era in Stereo Broadcasting |magazine=Dial |publisher=PBS |location=Chicago |pages=39}}</ref> for TV broadcasts overnight.
WTTW's sister station WXXW quietly went dark in 1974 when the transmitter broke down.<ref name="Chic811001">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103034159/city-colleges-gets-tv-franchise/|date=October 1, 1981|page=1:19|title=City colleges gets TV franchise|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|location=Chicago, Illinois|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=June 2, 2022|archive-date=June 2, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602185414/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/103034159/city-colleges-gets-tv-franchise/|url-status=live}}</ref> It  had been one of the last in Chicago to transmit in [[monochrome|black-and-white]] and by then its schedule was filled with what former WTTW station manager Edward Morris called "talking heads and a blackboard"<ref>{{cite web|url=https://chicagotelevision.com/edmorris.htm|date=2000|title=Chicago Television Spotlite: Ed Morris|first=Steve|last=Jajkowski|website=chicagotelevision.com}}</ref> In 1977, WTTW sold the long-dark WXXW license a to consortium led by [[City Colleges of Chicago]]; the station ultimately became [[WYCC]].<ref name="hc">{{FCC letter|hcards=yes|letterid=84323|callsign=WYCC}}</ref>
In 1981, the Chicago Educational Television Association created Chicago magazine as WTTW and WFMT's program guide. It was sold for $17 million<ref>{{cite news |author=Charles Storch |date=January 18, 1987 |title=THE CHICAGO MAGAZINE STORY HOW DEAL PUT DETROIT OUTFIT IN, LEFT OTHERS PUT OUT |newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]] |publisher=[[Tribune Publishing]] |page=1}}</ref> in 1986 to a joint venture between Metropolitan Detroit Magazine and Adams Communications.
On August 7, 1984, WTTW became the first U.S. TV station to broadcast its entire schedule in stereo.{{cn|date=March 2024}}
On November 22, 1987, WTTW's signal was [[Max Headroom broadcast signal intrusion|hijacked by an unknown person]] wearing a [[Max Headroom]] mask—the second such [[broadcast signal intrusion|signal interruption]] incident to occur in the Chicago area that night, with the first taking place during the 9&nbsp;p.m. newscast on [[independent station]] [[WGN-TV]] (channel 9) two hours prior to the hacker's intrusion of the WTTW signal. While WGN-TV's analog transmitter was located atop the [[John Hancock Center]] at the time, allowing for engineers to almost immediately thwart the video hacker by changing the studio-to-transmitter frequency, WTTW's transmitter was located atop the Sears Tower (now the [[Willis Tower]]), which made it harder to stop the hacker before the interruption voluntarily concluded after almost two minutes.<ref name="interruptedtothemax">{{cite news|title=2 channels interrupted to the Max|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3857222.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106072747/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-3857222.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=November 6, 2012|author=Don Hayner|newspaper=[[Chicago Sun-Times]]|publisher=Adler & Shaykin|id=CHI265386|page=3|date=November 24, 1987|access-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref><ref name=Philly>{{cite news|title=Bogus 'Max Headroom' Interrupts Broadcasts On 2 Chicago Stations|url=http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=PI&s_site=philly&p_multi=PI&p_theme=realcities&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EB29DADD081E2CE&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM|newspaper=[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]|publisher=[[Knight Ridder]]|id=8703130089|page=C05|date=November 24, 1987|access-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref>
On June 4, 2010, Window to the World Communications announced that it would [[layoff|lay off]] around 12% of WTTW and WFMT's employee base and extend a salary freeze instituted in 2009 for one additional year, in an effort to cut $3&nbsp;million in operating costs due to declining revenue, effects from the [[Great Recession|economic downturn]] and the loss of $1.25&nbsp;million in grant money from the [[Illinois General Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news|title=WTTW, WFMT parent to cut 12% of staff, $3 million in costs|url=http://newsblogs.chicagotribune.com/towerticker/2010/06/wttw-wfmt-parent-to-cut-staff-by-12-percent-cut-3-million-in-costs.html|author=Phil Rosenthal|author-link=Phil Rosenthal|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|publisher=Tribune Publishing|date=June 4, 2010|access-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref> Among the employees exiting WTTW in that layoff were Randy Chandler, Amy Christenson, Andy Fontana, Marc Glick, Susan Godfrey, Andrea Guthmann, Kari Hurley, Andre Jones, Shaunese Teamer, Sarah Warner and Tom Wuellner.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wbez.org/shows/wbez-blogs/suntimes-cuts-jim-odonnell-from-sports-team/06db252a-67f7-402a-b197-84d289cd77e7|title=Sun-Times cut Jim O'Donnell from sports team|last=Feder|first=Robert|work=WBEZ 91.5 Chicago|date=June 16, 2010|access-date=December 8, 2017}}</ref>
In 2012, WTTW eliminated the position of 16-year company veteran Joanie Bayhack, who had been senior vice president of communications and corporate partnerships.<ref name="Former Voice">{{cite web|url=http://www.robertfeder.com/2014/06/14/wttw-drops-former-corporate-voice/|title=WTTW drops former corporate voice|last=Feder|first=Robert|work=RobertFeder.com|date=June 14, 2014|access-date=December 8, 2017}}</ref> In 2014, WTTW eliminated the position of Holly Gilson, a 13-year veteran of the company who most recently had been director of strategic partnerships and special projects.<ref name="Former Voice"/>
On April 15, 2014, Window to the World Communications renamed the broadcasting facilities for WTTW and WFMT-FM as the Renée Crown Public Media Center, following a monetary gift of an undisclosed amount by the family of Renée Crown (wife of [[Lester Crown|Lester]]), who has served as a trustee for Window to the World since 1981).<ref>{{cite web|title=Renee Crown Media Center new name of WTTW building|url=http://reelchicago.com/article/renee-crown-media-center-new-name-wttw-building140407|author=Ruth L Ratny|website=Reel Chicago|date=April 7, 2014|access-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Window to the World is recipient of large Crown family gift|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/chicago/news/2014/02/24/window-to-the-world-is-recipient-of-large-crown.html|newspaper=Chicago Business Journal|publisher=[[American City Business Journals]]|date=February 24, 2014|access-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref>
In September 2017, WTTW offered former fellow PBS member station [[WYCC]] (the descendant of former sister station WXXW) with a channel-sharing agreement to stay on the air after an announcement that WYCC would shut down October 25, 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robertfeder.com/2017/09/19/robservations-wycc-signing-off-air-october-25/|title=Robservations: WYCC signing off the air October 25|last=Feder|first=Robert|work=RobertFeder.com|date=September 19, 2017|access-date=September 19, 2017|archive-date=September 20, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170920044748/http://www.robertfeder.com/2017/09/19/robservations-wycc-signing-off-air-october-25/|url-status=live}}</ref> <ref name=Channick2017>{{cite news |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-wycc-tv-channel-sharing-20170922-story.html |title=Chicago PBS station WYCC hoping to stay on the air through deal with WTTW |last=Channick |first=Robert |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=September 22, 2017 |access-date=September 23, 2017 |archive-date=September 23, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170923034005/http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-wycc-tv-channel-sharing-20170922-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
(WYCC had sold its spectrum in the April 2017 [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) auction.)<ref name="fcc-wlwcsale">{{cite web|title=FCC Broadcast Television Spectrum Incentive Auction Auction 1001 Winning Bids|url=http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2017/db0413/DA-17-314A2.pdf|work=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|access-date=September 19, 2017|date=April 4, 2017|archive-date=April 14, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414082807/http://transition.fcc.gov/Daily_Releases/Daily_Business/2017/db0413/DA-17-314A2.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
On December 7, 2017, Window to the World Communications announced its intent to purchase the WYCC license outright, reuniting the stations under one organization.<ref name="Purchase WYCC">{{cite web|url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-wycc-wttw-channel-share-sale-20171207-story.html|title=WTTW plans to buy rival public TV station WYCC's broadcast license|last=Channick|first=Robert|work=Chicago Tribune|date=December 7, 2017|access-date=December 8, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robertfeder.com/2017/12/08/robservations-wgn-presents-family-classics-suppelsa-farewell-tonight/|title=Robservations: WGN presents 'Family Classics'; Suppelsa farewell tonight|last=Feder|first=Robert|work=RobertFeder.com|date=December 8, 2017|access-date=December 8, 2017}}</ref> An application to the FCC in January 2018 disclosed that WTTW would acquire the WYCC license from the [[City Colleges of Chicago]] for $100,000, with the two stations sharing WTTW's frequency allocation.<ref>{{cite web|title=Station Trading Roundup: 1 Deal, $100,000|url=http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/110823/station-trading-roundup-1-deal-100000|work=TVNewsCheck|date=January 30, 2018|access-date=January 31, 2018|archive-date=February 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180201075201/http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/110823/station-trading-roundup-1-deal-100000|url-status=live}}</ref> The sale was approved by the FCC on March 13, 2018,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/pubacc/prod/app_det.pl?Application_id=1775582|title=Application Search Details|work=CDBS Public Access|publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|date=March 16, 2018|access-date=April 21, 2018}}</ref> and was completed on April 20.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://licensing.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/cdbsmenu.hts?context=25&appn=101783547&formid=905&fac_num=12279|title=Consummation Notice|work=CDBS Public Access|publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|date=April 20, 2018|access-date=April 29, 2018}}</ref>
Window to the World Communications relinquished the WYCC license, effective June 1, 2022, advising viewers the same shows were available on its multiplexed channels and the PBS app.<ref name="cancel">{{cite web|url=https://enterpriseefiling.fcc.gov/dataentry/public/tv/draftCopy.html?displayType=html&appKey=25076f9180753eb001808a9267220a61&id=25076f9180753eb001808a9267220a61&goBack=N|title=Cancellation Application|work=Licensing and Management System|publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]|date=June 2, 2022|access-date=June 3, 2022}}</ref> <ref name=wttwlineup/>
==Technical achievements==
WTTW has been recognized as a pioneer in technical aspects of television broadcasting, particularly in broadcast audio transmission. The station, in particular, participated in the trend of pop music-focused programs on television during the early 1970s (a few of which were also simulcast on local FM radio stations). When WTTW began production on ''Made in Chicago'', the station made the decision to transition from [[monaural audio]] to stereo for the FM broadcasts. However, stereo recording equipment for television production did not exist at that time. Because of this, WTTW engineers chose to modify existing [[Ampex]] [[quadruplex videotape|quadruplex]] recorders to provide a stereo medium in sync with the video portion of the program. This innovation earned the station's staff a local Technical [[Emmy Award]] in 1973.
Further refinements to this system resulted in improvements to both frequency response and [[noise reduction]], and eventually led to the ability to edit stereo audio as the video was being edited electronically. [[Dolby Laboratories]] noise reduction technology (Type C, and then Type A) was introduced as the staff was driven to make improvements in the audio specifications. WTTW began syndicating ''Made in Chicago'' to other public television stations under the new title ''Soundstage'', with the first official taping of that program in June 1974 featuring previously filmed concert footage of folk singer [[Jim Croce]] prior to his death in a plane crash in September 1973. The station was broadcast in simulcast FM stereo—with [[WXRT]] (93.1 FM) and [[WBBM-FM]] (96.3) as participating stations—in the manner of its predecessor.
In 1975, WTTW management was approached by a startup company called Telesonics with an idea to develop an audio system for television broadcasts that used a mono-compatible, stereo audio channel. Around this time, the Sears Tower had been completed and WTTW became one of the first broadcasters to move its transmitter facilities atop the new building; WTTW had broadcast from a temporary antenna as the now familiar twin towers that adorn the top of the building had not yet been completed.<ref>[[Multichannel television sound#References]]</ref>
==Programming==
WTTW carries programs distributed by PBS, [[American Public Television]] and other sources, along with airing several locally produced programs. WTTW also distributes several programs to public television stations independently of PBS, such as via American Public Television. In addition, WTTW is one of the few public television stations that regularly produce or present national public television programming. Its most prominent productions include political discussion program ''[[The McLaughlin Group]]'' and the music program ''[[Soundstage (TV series)|Soundstage]]''. WTTW has produced over 110 ''SoundStage'' episodes from its Chicago studios, the first of which featured Chicago blues legend [[Muddy Waters]] surrounded by his young proteges: [[Dr. John]], [[Junior Wells]], [[Mike Bloomfield|Michael Bloomfield]], [[Koko Taylor]], Rollo Radford, [[Buddy Guy]], [[Nick Gravenites]], [[Buddy Miles]] and his long-time collaborator, pianist [[Otis Spann]] among others.
WTTW also produced the popular cooking series ''[[The Frugal Gourmet]]'' during the 1980s. Other popular programs produced by WTTW for public television syndication have included the early art-video show ''Image Union''; ''[[CEO Exchange]]''; locally produced restaurant review show ''[[Check, Please!]]'' [[cooking show]] ''[[Mexico: One Plate at a Time]]''; travel show ''[[The Travel Detective]]''; children's programs ''[[Lamb Chop's Play-Along]]'', ''[[Kidsongs]]'', ''[[WordWorld]]'' and ''[[Nature Cat]]''; and the irreverent magazine series ''[[Wild Chicago]]''.
The most well-known program ever to have been originated by WTTW was ''[[Sneak Previews]]'', the first movie review show to air on television. It began in 1975 with film critics [[Roger Ebert]] (then a critic for the ''[[Chicago Sun-Times]]'') and [[Gene Siskel]] (then with the ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'') as its hosts and was later hosted by [[Michael Medved]], [[Neal Gabler]], and [[Jeffrey Lyons]] when Siskel and Ebert moved into [[broadcast syndication|syndication]] (starting the show ''[[At the Movies with Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert]]'' and later ''[[At the Movies (1986 TV program)|Siskel & Ebert & the Movies]]''); ''Sneak Previews'' was canceled in 1996. In January 2011, WTTW produced a new movie review program created by Ebert, ''[[Ebert Presents: At the Movies]]'', which was hosted by [[Christy Lemire]] and [[Ignatiy Vishnevetsky]], with Ebert himself hosting a segment called "Roger's Office"; the program lasted one season, before being canceled due to funding constraints and the subsequent death of Ebert.<ref>{{cite news|title=Roger Ebert to appear on movie review show| url=http://www.wttw.com/main.taf?p=1,29,1,7|website=WTTW|publisher=Window To The World Communications|date=October 4, 2010|access-date=October 5, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Roger Ebert reviving "At the Movies" on public TV|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE68959T20100910|author=James Hibberd|author-link=James Hibberd (writer)|periodical=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|publisher=[[Penske Media Corporation]]|via=[[Reuters]]|date=September 10, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=See you at the movies|url=http://blogs.suntimes.com/ebert/2010/03/see_you_at_the_movies.html|website=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] (Roger Ebert's Journal)|publisher=[[Sun-Times Media Group]]|date=March 25, 2010|access-date=March 26, 2010|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100326033808/http://blogs.suntimes.com/ebert/2010/03/see_you_at_the_movies.html|archive-date=March 26, 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Roger Ebert and PBS bring back 'At the Movies'|url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/showtracker/2010/09/roger-ebert-and-pbs-bring-back-at-the-movies.html|author=Yvonne Villarreal|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=September 10, 2010|access-date=September 10, 2010}}</ref>
Among its local programs, WTTW also produces the newsmagazine and analysis program ''[[Chicago Tonight]]'', hosted by Paris Schutz and Brandis Friedman. The program began in 1984 as a half-hour panel interview program with local broadcast journalist [[John Callaway]], but was later expanded to an hour-long show with the addition of various feature segments including arts and restaurant reviews. The show is accompanied by two pre-recorded programs highlighting issues affecting Black and Latino communities, ''Chicago Tonight: Black Voices'' and ''Chicago Tonight: Latino Voices''.
The station has produced hundreds of significant arts programs, highlighting the [[Chicago Symphony Orchestra]], the [[Lyric Opera of Chicago]] and the [[Ravinia Festival]]. In addition, WTTW features [[documentaries]] hosted by [[Geoffrey Baer]], spotlighting the history and culture of various parts of the Chicago area. These programs' popularity has often resulted in a high volume of monetary pledges to the station. It also produces ''The Artsiders'', an arts-focused program produced by Kai Harding, Inc. and created by former [[Big Idea Productions|Big Idea]] director Chris Olsen.
==Technical information==
===Subchannels===
The station's signal is [[Multiplex (TV)|multiplexed]]:
{| class="wikitable"
|+Subchannels of WTTW<ref>{{cite web|title=RabbitEars TV Query for WTTW|url=http://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=station_search&callsign=WTTW#station|access-date=September 9, 2015|website=[[RabbitEars]]}}</ref><ref>[https://schedule.wttw.com/ WTTW Daily Schedule], wttw.com, Retrieved June 3, 2022.</ref>
! scope = "col" | [[Digital subchannel#United States|Channel]]
! scope = "col" | [[Display resolution|Res.]]
! scope = "col" | [[Aspect ratio (image)|Aspect]]
! scope = "col" | Short name
! scope = "col" | Programming
|-
! scope = "row" | 11.1
| rowspan="2"|[[720p]] || rowspan="5" |[[16:9]] || WTTW-HD || Main WTTW programming / PBS
|-
! scope = "row" | 11.2
| PRIME || WTTW Prime
|-
! scope = "row" | 11.3
| rowspan="3" |[[480i]] || Create || [[Create (TV network)|Create]]<ref name=wttwlineup>[https://interactive.wttw.com/faq-wycc-broadcast "WYCC"], wttw.com, Retrieved June 3, 2022. "A significant amount of the programming viewers enjoyed on WYCC’s primary channel (20.1) is available on one of WTTW’s content services – on WTTW (11.1), WTTW Prime (11.2), WTTW Create (11.3), WTTW Kids 24/7 (11.4), and WTTW World (11.5); wttw.com; and the PBS Video app."</ref>
|-
! scope = "row" | 11.4
| Kids || [[PBS Kids]]
|-
! scope = "row" | 11.5
| World || [[World Channel|World]]<ref name=wttwlineup/>
|-
|}
In May 2015, WTTW downgraded the resolution of its main channel from [[1080i]] to [[720p]], which the station had previously transmitted its high definition content in prior to September 2009, during which time it downconverted HD content provided by PBS from their native 1080i format.
====WTTW-DT2====
From the sign-on of its digital signal in 2002 until 2008, WTTW branded its main digital channel on 11.1 as "WTTW-Digital", featuring a full schedule of programs available in high definition, while digital subchannel 11.2 rebroadcast the main programming schedule of analog channel 11. In September 2008, digital channel 11.1 was converted into a simulcast of the analog signal's programming, resulting in it carrying the same programming schedule as 11.2. On March 30, 2009, 11.2 was relaunched with a separate schedule as "WTTW Prime", which features a mix of PBS prime time programs and WTTW's locally produced programming—particularly during the period from 6&nbsp;a.m. to 6&nbsp;p.m., when children's programming airs on the main channel. WTTW Prime carries some PBS programs in their traditional timeslots (most notably, a block of the service's [[public affairs (broadcasting)|public affairs]] programs that run on Friday evenings and a daily airing of the ''[[Nightly Business Report]]'' at 5:30&nbsp;p.m.) WTTW Prime is also available on Comcast [[digital cable|digital]] channel 370.<ref>{{cite web|title=WTTW Prime Highlights|url=http://www.wttw.com/main.taf?p=2,10|website=WTTW|publisher=Window to the World Communications}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=WTTW Schedules|url=http://www.wttw.com/main.taf?p=2,9|website=WTTW|publisher=Window to the World Communications}}</ref>
===Analog-to-digital conversion===
WTTW shut down its analog signal, over [[VHF]] channel 11, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States [[Digital television transition in the United States|transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts]] under federal mandate. The station's digital signal continued to broadcast on its pre-transition [[UHF]] channel 47,<ref>{{cite web |title=DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and the Second Rounds |url=http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf |publisher=[[U.S. Federal Communications Commission]] |access-date=March 24, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130829004251/http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf |archive-date=August 29, 2013 }}</ref> using [[virtual channel]] 11.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Official website}}
*[http://www.wttw.com/main.taf?p=7,12 Productions]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h5mzkt4N77s&mode=related&search= Streaming video of ''CBS Evening News'' coverage of the Max Headroom pirate incident]
*[https://archives.lib.umd.edu/repositories/2/resources/722 William J. McCarter papers] are located at the [[University of Maryland Libraries]]. McCarter was president and general manager of WTTW from 1964 to 1971, under him the station and its sister station received 12 George Foster Peabody Awards.
{{Chicago TV}}
{{Rockford TV}}
{{PBS Illinois}}
{{PBSTV}}
[[Category:1955 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:North Park, Chicago]]
[[Category:PBS member stations]]
[[Category:Peabody Award winners]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1955]]
[[Category:Television stations in Chicago|TTW]]