View source for Wadi al-Joz

{{short description|Palestinian neighborhood in East Jerusalem}}
[[File:WadiAlJozMay232023 02.jpg|thumb|330px|Wadi Joz]]
'''Wadi al-Joz''' ({{langx|ar|وادي الجوز}}; {{langx|he|ואדי אל-ג'וז}}), also '''Wadi Joz''', is a [[State of Palestine|Palestinian]] neighborhood in [[East Jerusalem]], located at the head of the [[Kidron Valley]], north of the [[Old City of Jerusalem]]. The population of Wadi Joz is 13,000.<ref name="About Wadi Joz">[http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/jer_sys/picture/atarim/Toursite_form_atarEng.asp?site_id=2296&pic_cat=4&icon_cat=6&york_cat=9&type_id=197 About Wadi Joz]</ref> It is located 750 meters above sea level in the Kidron Valley (Nahal Kidron).
"Wadi al-Joz", in Arabic, literally means "Valley of the Walnuts", though it is believed that the name is an abbreviation of "[[Valley of Josaphat]]", a location mentioned in the [[Bible]], traditionally identified with the [[Kidron Valley]].<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/319/mode/1up 319]</ref>
==History==
[[File:Panorama, steden, Jordanië, Bestanddeelnr 254-6116.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|Skyline view of Wadi al-Joz in the foreground with the [[Old City (Jerusalem)|Old City]] and [[Temple Mount]] of [[Jerusalem]] in the background]]
The neighborhood was established outside [[Herod's Gate]] in the late 19th century when wealthy Arab [[Jerusalem]]ite families built summer houses there. The largest and oldest landowning family of Wadi al-Joz were the Khatib family of Jerusalem, which, according to the family's oral history, settled in Jerusalem in the 14th century.<ref>Habash 1998, pp. 43–44.</ref> They established agricultural estates, mills and fortified summer residences in Wadi al-Joz but remained based in the [[Gates of the Temple Mount#Iron Gate|Bab al-Hadid]] neighborhood abutting the [[Temple Mount]] until permanently relocating to Wadi al-Joz in 1926.<ref name="Habash45">Habash 1998, p. 45.</ref> In the first quarter of the 20th century, the Hidmi family built several houses on the slopes of Wadi al-Joz.<ref name="Habash45"/> Members of the family first began settling in the valley in 1870 and employed day laborers from [[Isawiya]] and [['Anata|Anata]] to work their farms.<ref name="Habash45"/> The patriarch of the Hidmi family (originally called the Mu'awwad), entered [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]] in the army of [[Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt|Ibrahim Pasha]] of [[Egypt Eyalet|Egypt]] in 1831, lost his governorship of [[Hebron]] during the 1834 [[Peasants' revolt in Palestine|Peasants' Revolt]] and thereafter settled permanently in Jerusalem.<ref name="Habash45"/> In the early 1900s, an oil depot and distribution center was established in Wadi al-Joz.<ref name="About Wadi Joz"/>
[[File:East Jerusalem - panoramio (2).jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|A home in Wadi al-Joz, 2011]]
Wadi al-Joz developed into its current shape between the [[1948 Arab-Israeli War|1948]] and [[1967 Arab-Israeli war]]s during which the neighborhood became home to [[Palestinian refugees|refugees]] from the western neighborhoods of Jerusalem captured by Israel and migrants from West Bank villages owing to its proximity to the [[Old City (Jerusalem)|Old City]] and its sparse population.<ref name="Habash45"/> Among the Jerusalemite refugees were residents of [[Baka, Jerusalem|Baqa]].<ref name="Habash45"/> The bulk of the population influx in Wadi al-Joz is attributed to migration from the villages of the West Bank in the 1950s and 1960s.<ref name="Habash46">Habash 1998, p. 46.</ref> In the center of Wadi al-Joz the shanty neighborhood of Jabal Abu Jibna was home to 350 residents, as of the 1990s, mainly from the vicinity of [[Sa'ir]].<ref name="Habash46"/> The owners of the 44 dunams, which make up the neighborhood are the Abu Jibna family.<ref name="Habash46"/> The Abu Jibna were based in the [[Gates of the Temple Mount#Chain Gate|Bab al-Silsila]] neighborhood of the Old City, purchased the land in Wadi al-Joz in the late 19th century and today mainly reside in [[Shuafat]].<ref name="Habash46"/>
In 2007, a neighborhood association was formed to push for improvements in local services and infrastructure.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Holy City Still Divided |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/nationworld/world/la-fg-holycity3jun03,1,4073963.story?page=4&coll=la-util-nationworld-world|work=LA Times}}</ref>
The neighborhood's main mosque is the [[Abdeen Mosque]] built in 1939. Another mosque is the Hejazi Mosque built later in the 20th century.<ref name="Nusseibeh">Ma'oz, Moshe and [[Sari Nusseibeh|Nusseibeh, Sari]]. (2000). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9evpVS_ackwC&pg=PA137 Jerusalem: Points of Friction, and Beyond]'' BRILL. pp.136-138. {{ISBN|90-411-8843-6}}.</ref>
The [[Cave of the Ramban]], located in 'Uthman Ibn 'Afan Street, is considered by some Jews to be the burial place of [[Nahmanides]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2018}}
==Economy==
[[File:WadiAlJoz1946.png|thumb|Wadi Al-Joz in 1946]]
Wadi al-Joz is well known in Jerusalem for its car repair centres, based in an industrial zone created by the last Palestinian mayor of Jerusalem, [[Rawhi Khatib]], who established it on  12 dunams of private [[waqf]] land owned by his family.<ref>Dalia Habash, [http://www.palestine-studies.org/jq/fulltext/78253 'Wadi al-Joz: In Focus,'] [[Jerusalem Quarterly]] Spring 1998,1</ref>
==Incidents==
In September 2014, a local resident, Muhammad Abd Al-Majid Sunuqrut, 16, was shot during a protest.  According to the teen’s father he was shot in the head with a rubber-coated bullet, reportedly, while walking to a mosque for evening prayers but according to the police he was shot in the leg and then fell injuring his head while throwing stones.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/three-arrested-in-clashes-after-arab-teens-funeral/|title=Three arrested in clashes after Arab teen's funeral|access-date=2017-12-03|language=en-US}}</ref> His father complained of recent harassment, consisting of the use of [[Skunk (weapon)|skunk spraying]], rubber-coated bullets and tear gas, by IDF soldiers.<ref>[http://www.maannews.net/eng/ViewDetails.aspx?ID=724697 'Israeli forces shoot, critically injure Jerusalem teen,'] [[Ma'an News Agency]] 1 September 2014.</ref>
==Notable people==
* [[Faisal Husseini]]<ref>[http://www.orienthouse.org/about/Articles/jpost.html The Palestinian Elite: The Legacy of Leadership]</ref>
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Bibliography==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E. H.|authorlink=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}}
*{{cite journal | first= Conrad|last= Schick | authorlink=Conrad Schick| title = Letters from Baurath C. Schick / Remarkable Rock cut tomb in Wady el Joz  |  url = https://www.archive.org/details/quarterlystateme23pale| journal = Quarterly Statement - Palestine Exploration Fund | volume = 24 | pages = [https://archive.org/stream/quarterlystateme23pale#page/9/mode/1up 9]-16  | year = 1892}}
*{{cite journal |last1=Habash |first1=Dalia |title=Wadi al-Joz: In Focus |journal=Jerusalem Quarterly |date=Spring 1998 |volume=1 |pages=43–50 |url=https://oldwebsite.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/1_joz_1.pdf}}
{{refend}}
==External links==
{{Commons category|Wadi al-Joz}}
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 17: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8379   IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.17.jpg Wikimedia commons]
{{Neighborhoods of Jerusalem}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|31|47|20|N|35|14|16|E|region:PS|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Wadi Al-Joz}}
[[Category:Neighbourhoods of Jerusalem]]
[[Category:Arab neighborhoods in Jerusalem]]