View source for Waingaro

{{short description|Rural community in Waikato, New Zealand}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
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<!--See the Table at Infobox Settlement for all fields and descriptions of usage-->
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|name                   = Waingaro <!-- at least one of the first two fields must be filled in -->
|coor_type              =
|utc_offset_DST         = +13
|timezone_DST           = NZDT
|utc_offset             = +12
|timezone               = [[Time in New Zealand|NZST]]
|website                =
|area_code              =
|postal_code            =
|postal_code_type       = <!-- enter ZIP code, Postcode, Post code, Postal code... -->
|elevation_m            = 30
|total_type             = Territorial <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
|area_footnotes         = <ref name="Area"/>
|area_total_km2         = 91.92
|population_footnotes   = <ref name="Census 2018"/>
|population_total       = 189
|population_as_of       = 2018 Census
|population_density_km2 = auto
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = New Zealand
|subdivision_type1      = Region
|subdivision_name1      = [[Waikato]]
|subdivision_type2      = District
|subdivision_name2      = [[Waikato District]]
|subdivision_type3      = Ward
|subdivision_name3      = {{ubl|Onewhero-Te Akau Ward|Raglan Ward}}
|leader_title           = Territorial Authority
|leader_name            = [[Waikato District Council]]
|leader_title1          = Regional council
|leader_name1           = [[Waikato Regional Council]]
|seat_type              = Electorates
|seat                   = {{ubl|[[Taranaki-King Country]]|[[Hauraki-Waikato]]}}
|settlement_type        = Hamlet <!-- e.g. Town, Village, City, etc.-->
|map_caption            =
|image_skyline          = File:Waingaro_hot_pools_and_hydroslide.JPG
|image_caption          = Waingaro hot pools and hydroslide viewed from hotel
|motto                  =
|image_map              = {{infobox mapframe|coord={{coord|-37.690|174.999}}|zoom=9}}
|coordinates            = {{coord|37.68992|S|174.99915|E|region:NZ|display=inline,title}}
|official_name           =
}}
'''Waingaro''' is a rural community in the [[Waikato District]] and [[Waikato]] region of New Zealand's [[North Island]], on the banks of the [[Waingaro River (Waikato)|Waingaro River]], where it is fed by a hot spring.<ref name="hariss">{{cite web |last1=Hariss |first1=Gavin |title=Waingaro, Waikato |url=https://www.topomap.co.nz/NZTopoMap/nz53486/Waingaro/Waikato |website=topomap.co.nz |publisher=NZ Topo Map}}</ref>
==Demographics==
Waingaro is in an SA1 statistical area which covers {{Convert|91.92|km2||abbr=on}}.<ref name="Area">{{Cite web|title=ArcGIS Web Application|url=https://statsnz.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6f49867abe464f86ac7526552fe19787| access-date=19 September 2022|website=statsnz.maps.arcgis.com}}</ref> The SA1 area is part of the larger [[Te Ākau#Te Ākau statistical area|Te Ākau statistical area]].<ref>{{NZ census place summary 2018|te-akau|Te Ākau}}</ref>
{{Historical populations|2006|174|2013|147|2018|180|percentages=pagr|align=left|source=<ref name="Census 2018"/>}}
Waingaro had a population of 180 at the [[2018 New Zealand census]], an increase of 33 people (22.4%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]], and an increase of 6 people (3.4%) since the [[2006 New Zealand census|2006 census]]. There were 63 households, comprising 99 males and 81 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.22 males per female. The median age was 47.3 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 21 people (11.7%) aged under 15 years, 30 (16.7%) aged 15 to 29, 99 (55.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 33 (18.3%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 71.7% European/[[Pākehā]], and 45.0% [[Māori people|Māori]]. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.7% had no religion, 33.3% were [[Christianity in New Zealand|Christian]], 1.7% had [[Religion of Māori people|Māori religious beliefs]] and 1.7% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 21 (13.2%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 48 (30.2%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $19,600, compared with $31,800 nationally. 18 people (11.3%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 69 (43.4%) people were employed full-time, 33 (20.8%) were part-time, and 12 (7.5%) were unemployed.<ref name="Census 2018">{{NZ census 2018|7011110}}</ref>
==Marae==
Waingaro Paa (Marae) is the [[marae|meeting place]] of the local [[Waikato Tainui]] [[hapū]] of [[Ngaati Tamainupoo, Ngaati Te Huaki and Ngaati Toa Kotara]].<ref name="maorimaps">{{cite web |title=Māori Maps |url=https://maorimaps.com/map |website=maorimaps.com |publisher=Te Potiki National Trust}}</ref> It includes Ngaa Tokotoru the [[wharenui|meeting house]].  The naming of the wharenui reflects the three Haapu and the Tuupuna that bear their names.<ref name="tkmentry">{{cite web|title=Te Kāhui Māngai directory|url= http://www.tkm.govt.nz/ |website=tkm.govt.nz|publisher=[[Te Puni Kōkiri]]}}</ref>
In October 2020, the Government committed $2,584,751 from the [[Provincial Growth Fund]] to upgrade the marae and 7 other [[Waikato Tainui]] marae, creating 40 jobs.<ref name="maraepgf">{{cite web |title=Marae Announcements |url=https://www.growregions.govt.nz/assets/funding-announcements/marae-announcements.xlsx |website=growregions.govt.nz |publisher=[[Provincial Growth Fund]] |format=Excel |date=9 October 2020}}</ref>
==Education==
Waingaro School is a co-educational state primary school,<ref name="official">{{cite web |title=Official School Website |url=https://www.waingaro.school.nz |website=waingaro.school.nz}}</ref><ref name="moe">{{cite web |title=Ministry of Education School Profile |url=https://www.educationcounts.govt.nz/find-school/school/profile?school=2060 |website=educationcounts.govt.nz |publisher=[[Ministry of Education (New Zealand)|Ministry of Education]]}}</ref> with a roll of {{NZ school roll data|2060|y}} as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|}}.<ref name="ero">{{cite web |title=Education Review Office Report |url=http://www.ero.govt.nz/report-view?id=2060 |website=ero.govt.nz |publisher=[[Education Review Office]]}}</ref>
== Waingaro Hot Spring ==
Waingaro Hot Spring was closed in 2014,<ref>[http://waidc.govt.nz/News-events/Media-releases/Waikato-District-Council-serves-notice-on-Waingaro.aspx Council closure notice]</ref> until improvements were made and it reopened in 2016.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.raglan23.co.nz/2016/march-2016-waingaro-hot-pools-open/|title=March 2016: Waingaro Hot Pools open|website=www.raglan23.co.nz|access-date=2016-03-13}}</ref> It has dilute alkaline NaCl-type (salty), {{convert|37|to|54|C|F}},<ref>[http://geoheat.oit.edu/bulletin/bull19-3/art2.pdf list of hot pools, temperatures, flow rates, etc in Geothermal Resources In New Zealand An Overview: Trevor M. Hunt, Wairakei Research Centre, Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences Ltd 1998]</ref> thermal water flowing from early [[Jurassic]] basement rocks at about {{convert|350|L|USgal}} per minute,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=GuIqAQAAIAAJ&dq=waingaro+hot+spring+geology&pg=PA241 Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 492 1965 page 242]</ref> probably originating at least {{convert|3|km|mi|0}} deep<ref>[https://pangea.stanford.edu/ERE/pdf/IGAstandard/NZGW/1985/Siswojo.pdf Naike Hot Springs: A Hot Spring System (N Island, New Zealand) S. Siswojo, A.S. Kasonta, M.P. Hochstein Geothermal Institute, University of Auckland 1985]</ref> and sharing a source with [[Lake Whangape#Hot springs|Naike]] and Waikorea, as they all have similar chemical composition.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.geothermal-energy.org/pdf/IGAstandard/NZGW/1985/Siswojo.pdf|title=NAIKE HOT SPRINGS: A HOT SPRING SYSTEM|last=M.P. HOCHSTEIN|first=S. SISWOJO, A.S. KASONTA|date=1985|website=Geothermal Institute University of Auckland}}</ref>
In 1921 this description was given:<blockquote>Waingaro/ on the coach-road from Ngaruawhahia to the west coast, has waters of the most strictly simple 'thermal' type, containing only 22 grains of solids to the gallon. It is not a 'spa,' though it is used locally and had at one time a great reputation among the Maoris. The outflow of water is very large and the temperature is high. There is a large simple immersion bath, with hotel accommodation alongside.
ANALYSIS   Grains per gallon.
: Sodium chloride 6-43
: Silica 7-80
: Total solids 22-66
: Temperature. 130&nbsp;°F.<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/hotspringsofnewz00herbuoft/hotspringsofnewz00herbuoft_djvu.txt The Hot Springs of New Zealand: Arthur Stanley Herbert 1921]</ref>
</blockquote>In 1942 a corrugated iron shelter, which had covered the spring on the north side of the road, was swept away by a flood. After that the hot water was piped under the road and the present complex of baths built.<ref>The End of an Era: Gwyneth Jones 2010</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Spring
!Date sampled
!T<sub>D</sub>°C
![[Carbonic acid|pH]](20&nbsp;°C)
![[Lithium|Li]]
![[Sodium|Na]]
![[Potassium|K]]
![[Calcium|Ca]]
!Sr
!Ba
!B
!HCO<sub>3</sub>
!SiO<sub>2</sub>
!SO<sub>4</sub>
!F
!Cl
!I
!ΔD ‰
!δ<sup>18</sup>O ‰
!T (SiO<sub>2</sub>) °C
|-
|Waingaro well
|12/05/2005
|54.7
|9.2
|0.05
|79
|0.73
|1.2
|0.005
|0.0004
|4.9
|44
|55
|8.3
|3.5
|49
|0.029
| -31.5
| -5.74
|83
|}
<ref>[http://www.gns.cri.nz/content/download/6935/37865/file/Sources%20of%20solutes%20and%20heat%20in%20low-enthalpy%20systems.pdf Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 2010 - Sources of solutes and heat in low-enthalpy mineral waters and their relation to tectonic setting, New Zealand: A.G. Reyes, B.W. Christenson, K. Faure]</ref>
== Waingaro Landing ==
[[File:Mail_coach_at_Waingaro_Landing.jpg|thumb|Mail coach at Waingaro Landing]]
[[File:1915_advert_for_Ngaruawahia-Waingaro_Landing-Raglan_route.jpg|thumb|advert from 1915 guidebook]]
The narrow, {{convert|2|km|abbr=on}} [[gravel road]] from Ohautira Rd to the [[Slipway|boat ramp]] and [[whitebait]] stands at Waingaro Landing now sees little traffic, but was once much more important.
Just south of the point where the Waingaro joins the [[Kerikeri River (Waikato)|Kerikeri River]], there is a record of Waingaro Landing being used by [[Alfred Nesbit Brown|Rev A N Brown]] in 1834 to travel from [[Bay of Islands]] to [[Kāwhia Harbour|Kawhia]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Raglan County Hills and Sea 1876-1976|publisher=Wilson & Horton for Raglan County Council|year=1976|pages=33, 132, 152, 153}}</ref> Little changed for another half century.
About 1883 a Crown Grant of {{convert|1000|acre|abbr=on}} on the banks of the Waingaro stream was taken on by M. Barton or Patene, then Mr Clarke, then by Sam Picken. Most of it was in heavy bush. Clarke had started clearing it, employing Arthur Moon and Johnnie Douglas.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Vernon|first=R. T.|title=Around Raglan|year=1981|pages=69–70}}</ref> Picken travelled to Huntly by train, crossing the Waikato by boat, then rode on a bridle track to Glen Afton and finally on a native track through heavy bush of [[Dacrydium cupressinum|rimu]] and [[Prumnopitys taxifolia|mataī]] on the hills, and [[Dacrycarpus dacrydioides|kahikatea]] on the flats. Within a year the native track had been turned into a bridle track.<ref name=":0" /> Picken was joined by George Richards, Arthur Shilson, Ned Edmonds, Stevens, Arthur Richards and Pyne. The Crown then built a road from Ngāruawāhia to the landing. By 1893 most land had been bought, except  {{convert|600|acre|abbr=on}} at the Hot Springs  on a 21-year lease to Sam Wilson, who built the hotel.<ref name=":1" />
Charles Sutton bought the {{convert|30|ft|abbr=on}} steam launch 'Vesta', which could tow a punt from Raglan to Waingaro in one hour. An experiment with the {{convert|40|ft|abbr=on}} 'Amateur' was unsuccessful; it took 3 hours. In 1896 the 'Vesta' was repaired and took on the work again.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Vernon|first=R. T.|title=Raglan|publisher=Rice|year=1984|pages=24, 25, 126}}</ref>
For almost two decades the landing became a popular route to Raglan, when Captain Coge ran the [[Steamboat|S.S.]] 'Maori' between Raglan and the landing from 1903.<ref name="Local And General News">{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=NZH19030807.2.24&zto=1|title=Local And General News.|date=1903-08-07|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |access-date=2015-12-30|pages=4 5}}</ref> A coach from Ngāruawāhia brought mail and passengers.<ref name="Local And General News" />
About 1903, the Ministry of Tourist and Health Resorts published these options for journeys from Auckland to Raglan:
* Auckland to Ngāruawāhia, {{convert|74|mi|abbr=on}}: Depart rail Auckland 10 a.m.
* Arrive Ngāruawāhia, 12.58 p.m. 1st class 8/10, 2nd 5/9.
* Ngāruawāhia to Waingaro, {{convert|16|mi|abbr=on}}. Coach departs Tuesday and Friday, 1.15 p.m. arrives 4 p.m. 6/- single, 10/- return.
* Waingaro to Raglan, {{convert|9|mi|abbr=on}}. Oil launch Tuesday and Friday. 2/6 single, 4/- return.
** Raglan to [[Onehunga]] {{convert|115|mi|abbr=on}}. [[Northern Steamship Company|N.S.S.]] (Northern Steamship) Steamer weekly. 20/- single, 30/- return. Saloon.
** Onehunga to Auckland, {{convert|8|mi|abbr=on}}. Rail frequently. First I/-, 2nd 9 pence.
*** Raglan to [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]], {{convert|35|mi|abbr=on}}. Coach M.W. and Fridays. Departs 7 a.m. Arrives 1.10 p.m.
*** Hamilton to Raglan. Coach Tues., Thurs., and Saturdays. Depart Hamilton 9 a.m. Arrives 4 p.m. Single 12/-, return 20/-.
Coge soon gave up the boat service,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19040906.2.12&srpos=2&e=-------10-NZH-1----2raglan+and+waingaro--&zto=1|title=News From Waingaro.|date=1904-09-06|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |access-date=2015-12-30|pages=3}}</ref> but by 18 November 1904 the [[Raglan Chronicle]] was advertising for cargo for the launch 'Nita' after 7 local men formed the co-operative, Raglan Launch Co, to take over, with land agent, A. R. Langley, as secretary.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=19 November 1904|title=advert - Nita will run to Waingaro and Te Uku 6s per ton|journal=Raglan County Chronicle}}</ref> With Mr B. Vercoe in charge, she continued trading until a fire in March, 1909,<ref name=":0" /> with Frank Charlton in charge. However, the fire seems to have been extinguished<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=WAIGUS19090316.2.15&e=-------10--1----0--&zto=1|title=Raglan.|date=1909-03-16|work=Waikato Argus|access-date=2015-12-30|pages=2}}</ref> and the 'Nita' was later bought by Billy McQueen, who traded round the harbour till about 1920.<ref name=":2" /> From time to time the Post Office invited tenders to carry mail on the route.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=TO19090918.2.33.2&e=-------10--1----0--&zto=1|title=Page 20 Advertisements Column 2|date=1909-09-18|work=Observer|access-date=2015-12-30|pages=20}}</ref> The [[Waikato District|County Council]] agreed to extend the shed and wharf in 1910, though not buy extra land for it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=WAIGUS19100121.2.18&e=-------10--1----0--&zto=1|title=Raglan County Council.|date=1910-01-21|work=Waikato Argus|access-date=2015-12-30|pages=2}}</ref> The work was completed in 1913.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=WT19130115.2.24&e=-------10--1----0--&zto=1|title=Raglan County Council.|date=1913-01-15|work=Waikato Times|access-date=2015-12-30|pages=4}}</ref>
The road to the landing was still being improved in 1905, when £100 was allocated.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH19051031.2.65&srpos=173&e=-------100--101----0raglan+1916-ARTICLE-&zto=1|title=The Supplementary Estimates.|date=1905-10-31|work=[[The New Zealand Herald]] |access-date=2016-01-01|pages=6}}</ref>
After 1920<ref name=":0" /> the mail coach was replaced by a cream truck run by Bob Gibb on a Ngāruawāhia-Te Ākau mail run.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Richards|first=Bill|title=Off the Sheep's Back|publisher=Lindon Pub|year=1986|isbn=0864700148|pages=87}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category|Waingaro River (Waikato)}}
* [http://natlib.govt.nz/records/23208411], [http://natlib.govt.nz/records/23078754], [http://natlib.govt.nz/records/22878025] - National Library 1910 photos of Waingaro Landing, Waingaro Bay (note the 1900 road to the Landing on the hillside) and Waingaro Estuary.
* [http://natlib.govt.nz/records/23527513 1955 Waingaro Landing aerial photo - the foreground shows part of the] [[Kerikeri River (Waikato)|Kerikeri River]] arm of the harbour, which is over 3&nbsp;km long. The Waingaro River joins the estuary in the middle left of the photo.
* [http://www.raglan23.co.nz/2013/raglan-in-1913-wharves-railways-and-giant-swedes/ Photo of oil launch 'Nita'.]
* [http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=NZH18930617.2.66.4&srpos=7&e=-06-1893--07-1893--10-NZH-1-byDA---2waingaro-- New Zealand Herald 17 June 1893 - description of hot springs and their history.]
{{Geographic Location|title=Neighbouring areas|Northwest=[[Glen Murray, New Zealand|Glen Murray]]|North=[[Glen Afton]]|Northeast=[[Rotowaro]]|West=[[Te Ākau]]|Centre=Waingaro|East=[[Glen Massey]]|South=[[Te Uku]]|Southeast=[[Te Kowhai]]|Southwest=[[Raglan, New Zealand|Raglan]]}}
{{Waikato District}}
[[Category:Waikato District]]
[[Category:Populated places in Waikato]]
[[Category:Hot springs of New Zealand]]