View source for Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India–China Border Affairs

[[File:China_India_CIA_map_border_disputes.jpg|thumb|320x320px|China–India border, showing two large disputed areas in [[Aksai Chin]] and [[Arunachal Pradesh]] and several smaller disputes (map by [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]])]]
The '''Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India–China Border Affairs''' (WMCC) was set up through an India-China agreement in January 2012 for improved institutionalized information exchange on border related issues. The mechanism was first suggested by [[Wen Jiabao]] in 2010.{{Sfn|Kumar|2014|p=86}} It was finalised at the 15th round of [[Special Representative mechanism on the India-China boundary question|special representative]] talks in January 2012.{{Sfn|Kumar|2014|p=86}}
[[File:The Prime Minister, Dr. Manmohan Singh and the Chinese Premier, Mr. Wen Jiabao, at the delegation level talks, in New Delhi on December 16, 2010.jpg|thumb|200x200px|Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and Indian PM Manmohan Singh at delegation level talks in New Delhi on 16 December 2010.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2010-12-16|title='New mechanism for coordination on Sino-India border affairs'|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/latest-news/new-mechanism-for-coordination-on-sinoindia-border-affairs/|access-date=2021-02-27|website=The Indian Express|language=en}}</ref>]]
On 16 December 2010, Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said at the [[Indian Council of World Affairs]],<ref name=":1" />
{{Quote|text=During my visit, the two sides have agreed to set up a working mechanism for consultation and coordination on border affairs [...] This (mechanism) will help enhance our mutual trust and maintain peace and tranquility in the border areas [...] It (boundary issue) requires patience and will take a fairly long period of time [...] the most important thing to do is to press ahead along the right track, narrow differences step by step, build consensus and increase confidence}}
According to the agreement, the mechanism is led by a "Joint Secretary level official from the Ministry of External Affairs of the Republic of India and a Director General level official from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China and will be composed of diplomatic and military officials". The working mechanism will "not discuss resolution of the Boundary Question or affect the Special Representatives Mechanism".<ref>{{Cite web|title=India-China Agreement on the Establishment of a Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (January 17, 2012)|url=https://mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/17963/IndiaChina+Agreement+on+the+Establishment+of+a+Working+Mechanism+for+Consultation+and+Coordination+on+IndiaChina+Border+Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
== Rounds ==
# 6 March 2012{{Sfn|Kumar|2014|p=86}}
# 29–30 November 2012{{Sfn|Kumar|2014|p=86}}
# 23–24 July 2013{{Sfn|Panda|2017|p=46}}
# 29–30 September 2013{{Sfn|Panda|2017|p=46}}
# 10 February 2014{{Sfn|Panda|2017|p=46}}
# 28–30 April 2014{{Sfn|Panda|2017|p=46}}
# 27 August 2014{{Sfn|Panda|2017|p=46}}
# 16–17 October 2014{{Sfn|Panda|2017|p=46}}
#-
#17 November 2017<ref>{{Cite web|title=India-China WMCC Meeting (November 17, 2017)|url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/29122/IndiaChina_WMCC_Meeting_November_17_2017|access-date=2021-02-27|website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#22 March 2018<ref>{{Cite web|title=Working Mechanism on Consultation & Coordination for India - China Border Affairs (March 22, 2018)|url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/29706/Working_Mechanism_on_Consultation_amp_Coordination_for_India__China_Border_Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#27 September 2018<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=27 September 2018|title=India-China talk border management|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/nation/india-china-talk-border-management-659657|access-date=2021-02-27|website=Tribune India|language=en}}</ref>
#29 January 2019<ref>{{Cite web|title=13th Meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (January 29, 2019)|url=https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/30961/13th_Meeting_of_the_Working_Mechanism_for_Consultation_amp_Coordination_on_IndiaChina_Border_Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=www.mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#29 July 2019<ref>{{Cite web|title=14th Meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (July 29, 2019)|url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/31691/14th_Meeting_of_the_Working_Mechanism_for_Consultation_amp_Coordination_on_IndiaChina_Border_Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#24 June 2020<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Dutta|first=Sweta|date=10 July 2020|title=India-China engage once again at the 16th WMCC meet, review ground situation|url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/news/india/india-china-engage-once-again-at-the-16th-wmcc-meet-review-ground-situation/articleshow/76896587.cms|access-date=2021-02-27|website=Mumbai Mirror|language=en}}</ref> (virtual)<ref>{{Cite web|date=24 June 2020|title=15th Meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs|url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/32785/15th_Meeting_of_the_Working_Mechanism_for_Consultation_amp_Coordination_on_IndiaChina_Border_Affairs|access-date=2021-03-06|website=Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India}}</ref>
#10 July 2020<ref name=":0" />
#24 July 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=High Commission of India, Gaborone, Botswana : Press Releases. 17th Meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (July 24, 2020)|url=https://www.hcigaborone.gov.in/news_letter_detail/?id=47|access-date=2021-02-27|website=www.hcigaborone.gov.in}}</ref>
#20 August 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=18th Meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (August 20, 2020)|url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/32905/18th+Meeting+of+the+Working+Mechanism+for+Consultation+amp+Coordination+on+IndiaChina+Border+Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#30 September 2020<ref>{{Cite web|date=September 30, 2020|title=19th Meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs|url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/33078/19th_Meeting_of_the_Working_Mechanism_for_Consultation_amp_Coordination_on_IndiaChina_Border_Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#18 December 2020<ref>{{Cite web|title=20th meeting of Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (December 18, 2020)|url=https://www.mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/33314/20th+meeting+of+Working+Mechanism+for+Consultation+amp+Coordination+on+IndiaChina+Border+Affairs|access-date=2021-02-27|website=www.mea.gov.in}}</ref>
#-
#25 June 2021<ref>{{Cite web|date=2 August 2021|others=Ministry of Defence|title=Joint Press Release of the 12th Round of India-China Corps Commander Level Meeting|url=http://pib.gov.in/Pressreleaseshare.aspx?PRID=1741570|access-date=2021-08-28|website=Press Information Bureau, Government of India}}</ref>
== See also ==
{{Tree list}}
* India China border agreements
** 1988: [[India-China Joint Working Group on the boundary question]]
** Confidence building measures
*** 1993: [[Border Peace and Tranquility Agreement, 1993|Border Peace and Tranquility Agreement]]
*** 1996: Agreement on Military Confidence Building Measures
*** 2005: Protocol for the Implementation of Military Confidence Building Measures
** Political measures
*** 2003: Declaration on Principles for Relations and Comprehensive Cooperation
*** 2005: [[Agreement on the Political Parameters and Guiding Principles for the Settlement of the India-China Boundary Question, 2005|Agreement on the Political Parameters and Guiding Principles for the Settlement of the India-China Boundary Question]]
** 2012: Agreement on the Establishment of a Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs
** 2013: [[Border Defence Cooperation Agreement]]
** 2020: 5 point statement
{{Tree list/end}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
'''Bibliography'''
* {{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Satish|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gsBcCgAAQBAJ|title=India's National Security: Annual Review 2013|publisher=Routledge|year=2014|isbn=9781317324614|editor-last=Kumar|editor-first=Satish|location=India|chapter=2(ii): External Security Situation}}
* {{Cite book|last=Panda|first=Jagannath P.|title=India-China Relations: Politics of Resources, Identity and Authority in a Multipolar World Order|publisher=Taylor & Francis|year=2017|isbn=9781317563815|lccn=2016018280}}
{{China–India relations}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Working Mechanism for Consultation and Coordination on India-China Border Affairs}}
[[Category:Sino-Indian border dispute]]