View source for Xu Teli

{{Family name hatnote|[[Xu (surname 徐)|Xu]]|lang=Chinese}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| image            = 徐特立.jpg
| caption          = Xu Teli, in [[Yan'an]].
| office1          = Vice-Minister of [[Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party]]
| term_start1      = 1949
| term_end1        = 1949
| predecessor1     =
| successor1       =
| leader1          = [[Lu Dingyi]] (minister)
| office2          = Minister of Education of [[Chinese Soviet Republic]]
| term_start2      = November 1931
| term_end2        = September 1937
| predecessor2     =
| successor2       =
| name             = Xu Teli
| native_name      = 徐特立
| native_name_lang = zh
| birth_name       = Xu Maoxun
| birth_date       = {{birth date|1877|02|01}}
| birth_place      = [[Changsha County]], [[Changsha]], [[Hunan]], [[Qing dynasty|Qing China]]
| death_date       = {{death date and age|1968|11|28|1877|02|01}}
| death_place      = [[Beijing]], China
| party            = [[Chinese Communist Party]]
| spouse           = Xiong Licheng
| children         = 4
| parents          =
| relations        =
| religion         =
| alma_mater       = [[University of Paris]]<br>[[Moscow Sun Yat-sen University]]
| website          =
}}
'''Xu Teli''' ({{zh|c=徐特立|p=Xú Tèlì}}; February 1, 1877 &ndash; November 28, 1968) was a politician of the [[People's Republic of China]]. Xu was the teacher of [[Mao Zedong]], [[Cai Hesen]], [[Xiao Zisheng]], and [[Tian Han]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.163.com/13/1204/09/9F86CTCI00014AED.html |script-title=zh:毛泽东为徐特立两次祝寿 |date=2013-12-04 |publisher=|work=163.COM|language=zh }}</ref> Xu was a member of the [[7th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]] and the [[8th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]].
==Biography==
[[File:XuTeLi2.jpg|thumb|225px|right|Xu Teli and Mao Zedong in Yan'an, in 1936.]]
Xu was born '''Xu Maoxun''' ({{zh|s=徐懋恂|links=no}}) in [[Changsha County]], [[Changsha]], [[Hunan]] on February 1, 1877, during the [[Qing Dynasty]].<ref name="bee">{{cite web |url=http://www.dzwww.com/xinwen/xinwenzhuanti/xjxjy/my/200501/t20050110_936174.htm |script-title=zh:徐特立：每个共产党员必须坚持实事求是|date=2006-01-20|publisher= |work=dzwww.com|language=zh}}</ref><ref name="tiger">{{cite web |url=http://www.people.com.cn/GB/shizheng/252/5252/5253/20010508/459178.html |script-title=zh:徐特立　一生刚烈写传奇 |date=2001-05-05 |publisher=|work=People.com |language=zh}}</ref><ref name="cat">{{cite web |url=http://dangshi.people.com.cn/GB/85039/12261255.html |script-title=zh:徐特立与妻子熊立诚忠贞不渝的爱情 |date=2010-06-08 |publisher= |work=CPC News |language=zh}}</ref> At the age of four, his mother died.<ref name="cat" /> In 1885, by age nine, Xu was sent to school.<ref name="cat" />
At age eighteen, Xu set up a private school and taught there.<ref name="tiger" /> In 1905, Xu attended the imperial examination when he was twenty-eight.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" /> After graduation, he became a teacher at Changsha Zhounan Girls' School. In 1907, Xu made a report on current affairs in the school, when he talked about the humiliating things of the corrupt government of Qing Empire, large tears began to fill his eyes and broke hot across his cheeks, Xu was indignation that he cut his [[little finger]] off with a [[kitchen knife]], and wrote a protest with a pen dipped in the blood, fainted on the spot.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
In 1911, Xu took part in the [[Xinhai Revolution]] and Hunan Uprising.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
In 1912, Xu founded the Changsha County Normal School (currently [[Changsha Normal University]]).<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
In 1919, Xu studied [[natural sciences]] at the [[University of Paris]], he also visited [[Belgium]] and [[Germany]].<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />  In this trip Xu observed modern European societies and cultures for the first time.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" /> In June 1924, Xu returned to Changsha, he founded the Changsha Women's Normal School and served as the President there.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" /> At that time, Xu also taught at [[Hunan First Normal University]].
In 1927, during the White Terror, Xu joined the [[Chinese Communist Party]] and took part in the [[Nanchang Uprising]].<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://jiangxi.jxnews.com.cn/system/2014/02/10/012936286.shtml |script-title=zh:徐特立游说姜济寰支持南昌起义 坐镇姜公馆掩护及支持南昌起义 |date=2014-02-10 |publisher= |work=jxnews.com.cn |language=zh }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.china.com.cn/rollnews/2010-10/08/content_4621305.htm |script-title=zh:徐特立在南昌起义中 |date=2010-10-08 |publisher= |work=china.com.cn |language=zh}}</ref>
In 1928, Xu was sent to [[Moscow Sun Yat-sen University]] to study at the expense of the government.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
In 1930, Xu returned to [[Jiangxi–Fujian Soviet]], he was appointed as the Minister of Education of the [[Chinese Soviet Republic]], a position he held until September 1937.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
In 1934, Xu took part in the [[Long March]].<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
In 1940, Xu worked as the President of Yan'an Academy of Natural Sciences. When he was in Yan'an, he and [[Dong Biwu]], [[Lin Boqu]], [[Wu Yuzhang]], and [[Xie Juezai]] were called the Yan'an Five Seniors ({{zh|s=延安五老|links=no}}).
After the founding of the [[China|Communist State]], Xu was appointed as the Vice-Minister of [[Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party]], a few days later, he resigned his post.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yangtse.com/system/2013/04/07/016804752.shtml |script-title=zh:徐特立主动让职位 |date=2013-04-07 |work=yangtse.com |language=zh|url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150513215026/http://www.yangtse.com/system/2013/04/07/016804752.shtml |archivedate=May 13, 2015}}</ref>
On November 28, 1968, during the [[Cultural Revolution]], Xu died in Beijing, aged 91.<ref name="bee" /><ref name="tiger" />
==Personal life==
Xu married Xiong Licheng ({{zh|s=熊立诚|links=no}}), they had four children, Xu Shouzhen ({{zh|s=徐守珍|links=no}}), Xu Duben ({{zh|s=徐笃本|links=no}}), Xu Moqing ({{zh|s=徐陌青|links=no}}), and Xu Houben ({{zh|s=徐厚本|links=no}}).<ref name="cat" />
==Works==
* ''Collected Works of Xu Teli''
* ''Complete Works of Xu Teli''
==See also==
*[[Former Residence of Xu Teli]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Xu, Teli}}
[[Category:1877 births]]
[[Category:1968 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Changsha County]]
[[Category:University of Paris alumni]]
[[Category:Moscow Sun Yat-sen University alumni]]
[[Category:Chinese expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Burials at Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery]]