View source for Xu Xinyue

{{family name hatnote|[[Xu (surname)|Xu]]|lang=Chinese}}
'''Xu Xinyue''' ({{zh|t=許新月}}; c. 902?<ref name=SGCQ83>''[[Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms]]'', [[:zh:s:十國春秋_(四庫全書本)/卷083|vol. 83]].</ref>-August 1, 946<ref name=SGCQ80>''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms'', [[:zh:s:十國春秋_(四庫全書本)/卷080|vol. 80]].</ref><ref name=AS>[[Academia Sinica]] [http://sinocal.sinica.edu.tw Chinese Western-Calendar Converter].</ref><ref>Lady Xu's biography in the ''Spring and Autumn Annals'' indicated that she died in 945 at the age of 43, but the chronicles of Qian Hongzuo's reign gave a more exact death date for her, and therefore appears to be likely to be correct.  The chronicle of Qian Hongzuo's reign did not give a death age for her, so it will be assumed here that 43 was correct.</ref>), formally the '''Lady Renhui of Wuyue''' (吳越國仁惠夫人), was a concubine, possibly later a wife, of [[Qian Yuanguan]] (King Wenmu) (né Qian Chuanguan, name changed to Qian Yuanguan upon his succession to the throne), the second king of the [[History of China|Chinese]] state [[Wuyue]] of the [[Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period]], and the mother to his son and successor [[Qian Hongzuo]] (King Wenxian).

== Background and acts before Qian Yuanguan's reign ==
Little is known about Lady Xu's background other than that she was from Tai Prefecture (台州, in modern [[Taizhou, Zhejiang|Taizhou]], [[Zhejiang]]) and that she was possibly born in 903, during the reign of [[Emperor Zhaozong of Tang]].  It is not known when she became Qian Chuanguan's concubine, but it is known that she was well-versed in music and therefore was put in charge of music in his palace.  When another concubine of his, Lady Fu, gave birth to his son [[Qian Hongzun]] — who would later become the designated heir until his untimely death in 940 at age 15 — in 925, Lady Fu became very honored in the palace and was created the Lady of Lu.<ref name=SGCQ83/>  (At that time, Qian Chuanguan was himself still serving under his father [[Qian Liu]] the king, but was already serving as acting military governor of Wuyue's main circuits, Zhenhai (鎮海, headquartered in modern [[Hangzhou]], [[Zhejiang]]) and Zhendong (鎮東, headquartered in modern [[Shaoxing]], [[Zhejiang]]), and therefore was commonly viewed as his heir.)<ref name=SGCQ79>''Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms'', [[:zh:s:十國春秋_(四庫全書本)/卷079|vol. 79]].</ref>  A [[Buddhist nun]] named Qiyun (契雲), who was in charge of offering incense in the palace and who was considered a good judge of character, however, stated to Lady Xu, "Lady Fu can never match you.  You, lady, should take care of yourself."<ref name=SGCQ83/>  She subsequently gave birth to Qian Chuanguan's sixth son, [[Qian Hongzuo]], in 928.<ref name=SGCQ80/>

== During and after Qian Yuanguan's reign ==
Sometime after Qian Chuanguan's becoming the ruler of Wuyue upon his father Qian Liu's death in 932 (and thereafter changed his name to Qian Yuanguan),<ref>''Zizhi Tongjian'', [[:zh:s:資治通鑑/卷278|vol. 278]].</ref> Lady Xu received the title of Lady of Wuyue<ref name=SGCQ83/> — probably after the death of his then-wife [[Lady Ma (Qian Yuanguan's wife)|Lady Ma]] in 939, because Lady Ma carried the title of Lady of Wuyue until her death.<ref name=ZZTJ282>''Zizhi Tongjian'', [[:zh:s:資治通鑑/卷282|vol. 282]].</ref>  (The title of Lady of Wuyue might be an indication that Lady Xu effectively became Qian Yuanguan's wife by this point.)

Qian Yuanguan died in 942, and Lady Xu's son Qian Hongzuo became king.<ref name=ZZTJ282/>  She herself died in 945, and was given a [[posthumous name]] of ''Renhui'' ("kind and benevolent").<ref name=SGCQ83/>

{{s-start}}
{{s-reg|cn}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Lady Ma (Qian Yuanguan's wife)|Lady Ma]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Wuyue|Lady Consort of Wuyue]]|years=939?-941}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Consort Yang (Wuyue)|Consort Yang]]<ref>Consort Yang was the second wife of Qian Hongzuo's.  It appeared that Qian Hongzuo's first wife, Lady Du, died before Qian Hongzuo became king, but that is not completely clear.</ref>}}
{{s-end}}

== Notes and references ==
<references/>
* ''[[Spring and Autumn Annals of the Ten Kingdoms]]'' (十國春秋), [[:zh:s:十國春秋_(四庫全書本)/卷083|vol. 83]].

{{DEFAULTSORT:Xu, Xinyue}}
[[Category:900s births]]
[[Category:946 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms imperial consorts]]
[[Category:People from Taizhou, Zhejiang]]
[[Category:Wuyue musicians]]
[[Category:Wuyue people born during Tang]]
[[Category:Later Liang (Five Dynasties) musicians]]
[[Category:Later Tang musicians]]
[[Category:Later Jin (Five Dynasties) musicians]]
[[Category:Musicians from Zhejiang]]