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{{Short description|554 battle}}
'''Yawm Halima''' ({{langx|ar|يوم حليمة||Day of Halima}}) is the name given to a battle fought between the rival [[Ghassanid]] and [[Lakhmid]] Arabs in the 6th century.
Considered "[o]ne of the most famous battles of [[pre-Islamic Arabia]]",{{sfn|Retsö|2003|p=500 (note 205)}}{{sfn|Shahîd|2009|p=95}} it was named after Halima, a Ghassanid princess who assisted the warriors of her tribe in the battle.{{sfn|Shahîd|2009|pp=86, 94–96}} The exact identity of the Ghassanid king who fought the battle is not certain, but he is commonly identified with [[al-Harith ibn Jabalah]] ({{reign|528|569}}),{{sfn|Shahîd|2009|p=95}} a major [[Byzantine]] [[client ruler]] who waged frequent conflicts with the Lakhmids under their respective king [[al-Mundhir III ibn al-Nu'man]] ({{reign|503/5|554}}). The Lakhmids in turn were clients of the [[Sassanid Persia]]ns, and the perennial tribal warfare between them and the Ghassanids was combined with the larger [[Roman–Persian Wars|rivalry between Byzantium and Persia]], with the Arabs fighting as auxiliaries for the two great empires.{{sfn|Greatrex|Lieu|2002|pp=88, 102ff}}{{sfn|Martindale|1992|pp=111–113}}
Yawm Halima is now commonly identified with a battle fought in June 554 near Chalcis (modern [[Qinnasrin]]), where the Ghassanids confronted one of Mundhir's raids. The Lakhmids were defeated and their king Mundhir fell on the field, but Harith also lost his eldest son Jabalah.{{sfn|Shahîd|2009|p=95}}{{sfn|Martindale|1992|pp=111–113}}{{sfn|Greatrex|Lieu|2002|pp=129–130}}
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
==Sources==
*{{cite book|last1=Greatrex|first1=Geoffrey|last2=Lieu|first2=Samuel N. C.|title=The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363–630 AD)|location=London|publisher=Routledge|year=2002|isbn=0-415-14687-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NnLDQgAACAAJ}}
*{{Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire|volume=3|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ElkwedRWCXkC}}
*{{cite book|last=Retsö|first=Jan|title=The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads|publisher=Routledge|year=2003|isbn=978-1136872891|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uq2_tK0L2g4C}}
*{{cite book|last=Shahîd|first=Irfan|authorlink=Irfan Shahîd|title=Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Volume II, Part 2: Economic, Social and Cultural History|location=Washington, DC|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection|year=2009|isbn=978-0-88402-347-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=js30HODt2aYC}}
[[Category:554]]
[[Category:550s in the Byzantine Empire]]
[[Category:550s conflicts]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Ghassanids]]
[[Category:Battles involving the Lakhmids]]
[[Category:Pre-Islamic Arabia]]