View source for Yigal Meir

{{Short description|Israeli physicist}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2014}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Yigal Meir
| image             = Yigal Meir.jpg
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| birth_date        = November 20, 1957
| birth_place       = Haifa, Israel
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| fields            = [[Condensed matter theory]], [[Biophysics]]
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| alma_mater        = [[Tel Aviv University]]
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Amnon Aharony]], [[Yoseph Imry]]
| academic_advisors = [[Patrick A. Lee|Patrick Lee]], [[Walter Kohn]]
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| known_for         = [[Meir-Wingreen Formula]] for electronic transport in [[mesoscopic systems]]; Proposed solution of the [[0.7 anomaly]] in [[quantum point contact]]s.
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'''Yigal Meir''' (20 November 1957) is the Graham Beck professor of Quantum Science and Technology at [[Ben Gurion University]], specializing in [[condensed matter]];<ref>{{cite web | title=Yigal Meir. Professor of Physics, Ben Gurion University | url=http://physweb.bgu.ac.il/~ymeir/ | publisher=Official website}}</ref> in particular [[mesoscopic physics]], [[Order and disorder (physics)|disordered systems]] and [[strongly correlated material]]s. Among his achievements is the derivation of the [[Meir-Wingreen Formula]],<ref name="landauer">{{cite journal|last=Meir|first=Yigal|author2=Ned S. Wingreen|title=Landauer formula for the current through an interacting electron region|journal=Physical Review Letters|year=1992|volume=68|issue=16|pages=2512–2515|doi=10.1103/PhysRevLett.68.2512|bibcode=1992PhRvL..68.2512M|pmid=10045416}}</ref> and solving the [[0.7 anomaly]] puzzle<ref name=point7>{{cite journal|last=Rejec|first=Tomaz|author2=Yigal Meir|title=Magnetic impurity formation in quantum point contacts|journal=Nature|year=2006|volume=442|issue=7105|doi=10.1038/nature05054|arxiv = cond-mat/0609391|pages=900–903|pmid=16929294|bibcode=2006Natur.442..900R|s2cid=4406670}}</ref> in [[quantum point contact]]s.
== Career ==
Meir was educated in [[Tel Aviv University]], where he obtained a PhD in theoretical condensed matter physics under the supervision of [[Amnon Aharony]] and [[Yoseph Imry]]. He held postdoctoral positions at MIT (1989–91), with [[Patrick A. Lee|Patrick Lee]], and at the [[University of California at Santa Barbara]] (1991–94), with [[Walter Kohn]]. In 1994 he joined the physics department at [[Ben Gurion University of the Negev|Ben Gurion University]], Beersheba, Israel as a faculty member. He holds a visiting position at [[Princeton University]].
Meir has published more than 120 papers in refereed journals. Early in his career, he concentrated on transport through [[quantum dots]], explaining the Coulomb oscillations in the measured electric current. In the process he derived the Meir-Wingreen formula for the electric current through interaction system,<ref name="landauer"/> a now textbook formula.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jauho|first1=Hartmut Haug, Antti-Pekka|title=Quantum kinetics in transport and optics of semiconductors|date=2008|publisher=Springer|location=Berlin|isbn=978-3540735618|pages=170|edition=2nd, substantially rev.}}</ref> Later on he made numerous contributions to the field of transport in [[Order and disorder (physics)|disordered systems]], in particular to the issue of phase transitions in such media, such as the [[metal-insulator transition]] in two-dimensions and the [[Superconductor Insulator Transition]] in thin films, and to the field of [[strongly correlated material|strong correlation effects]] in [[mesoscopic physics|mesoscopic devices]], in the particular the manifestation of the [[Kondo effect]]. In the latter context he suggested a solution for the long standing puzzle of the [[0.7 anomaly]]<ref name=point7/><ref>{{cite journal|title=Nature – Authors|journal=Nature |date=August 2006 |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v442/n7105/full/7105xia.html | volume=442 | issue=7105|doi=10.1038/7105xia |s2cid=47249253 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nanotech-now.com/news.cgi?story_id=17780|publisher=Nanotechnology Now|title=Ben-Gurion University scientist solves longstanding nanoelectronics puzzles}}</ref> – the observation of a step in the conductance of [[quantum point contact]]s, around the value of 0.7 2e<sup>2</sup>/h (where e is the [[electron charge]] and h the [[Planck constant]]), in addition to the expected integer steps. This explanation is based on an emergence of a quasi-localized state in the [[quantum point contact]], associated with slow electrons above the point contact barrier,<ref>{{cite journal|last=Bauer|first=F.|title=Microscopic Origin of the 0.7-Anomaly in Quantum Point Contacts|journal=Nature|year=2013|volume=501|issue=7465|pages=73–8|doi=10.1038/nature12421|pmid=23995681|display-authors=etal|bibcode=2013Natur.501...73B|s2cid=4409202|url=https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/17892/1/Bauer_Florian.pdf}}</ref> an observation that has been verified experimentally.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Iqbal|first=M. J.|title=Odd and even Kondo effects from emergent localization in quantum point contacts|journal=Nature|year=2013|volume=501|issue=7465<!--|pages=79–83-->|pages=79–83|doi=10.1038/nature12491|display-authors=etal|pmid=23995683|bibcode=2013Natur.501...79I|arxiv=1307.7167|s2cid=4452563}}</ref>
In recent years he has extended his research to the field of [[biology]], together with his colleague [[Ned Wingreen]] from Princeton University.
Meir has been a fellow of the [[American Physical Society]] since 2003. In 2008 he won the Ben Gurion University President Award for Outstanding Scientific Achievement, during the celebrations for the 60th anniversary of the independence of the [[State of Israel]]. He served as the president of the [[Israeli Physical Society]] from 2011 to 2014.
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
* {{Official website}}
* [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=yigal%20meir List of Publications in Google-Scholar]
* [http://www.israelphysicalsociety.org/ Webpage of the Israeli Physical Society]
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[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Israeli physicists]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev]]
[[Category:Tel Aviv University alumni]]
[[Category:Theoretical physicists]]
[[Category:Jewish physicists]]
[[Category:Fellows of the American Physical Society]]