View source for Youth Council of the French Union

The '''Youth Council of the French Union''' ({{langx|fr|Conseil de la jeunesse de l'Union française}}, abbreviated '''CJUF''') was a coordinating body of youth organizations in the [[French Union]]. CJUF was founded in 1950.<ref name="f">''[https://books.google.com/books?id=hjxIAAAAMAAJ L'Année politique, économique, sociale et diplomatique en France]''. Presses Universitaires de France, 1954. p. 199</ref> The organization had its headquarters in [[Paris]] and held annual congresses.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=NzIkAQAAMAAJ Journal officiel de la République française]''. 1955. p. 7464</ref><ref>Almeida-Topor, Hélène d'. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=J5ooAAAAYAAJ La politique et la ville]''. Paris: Ed. L'Harmattan, 1992. p. 150</ref>
==Leadership==
The foundation of CJUF was the work of three individuals; [[Rémy Montagne]] (chairman of ACJF, Catholic Action of French Youth), Jean Jousselin (chairman of CFMJ, French Council of Youth Movements, a Protestant youth organization) and Antoine Lawrence.<ref>Almeida-Topor, Hélène d'. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=J5ooAAAAYAAJ La politique et la ville]''. Paris: Ed. L'Harmattan, 1992. p. 143</ref> Lawrence represented the Guinean Youth Council (founded in 1952). He was also a member of the [[CFDT]] trade union in Guinea.<ref>Coquery-Vidrovitch, Catherine. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=-O-3AAAAIAAJ L' histoire des femmes en Afrique enseignement de recherche 1985&nbsp;– 1986]''. Paris: Harmattan [u.a.], 1988. pp. 35, 49</ref> As of 1952, [[Rémy Montagne]] served as president of CJUF and Antoine Lawrence as its general secretary.<ref name="c"/> As of 1957, the president of CJUF was Jacques Duquesne.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=5JxCAQAAIAAJ Informations sociales, Vol. 11]''. Union nationale des caisses d'allocations familiales, 1957. pp. 408, 440</ref>
==Cooperation with WAY==
CJUF received government support.<ref name="s"/> Through CJUF the colonial authorities hoped to counter the anti-colonialist stream emerging amongst the youth and students movements in the colonies, but this endeavor had meagre results.<ref>Ageron, Charles-Rober & Marc Michel, eds. ''[http://www.webafriqa.net/library/history/afrique-noire-francaise-heure-independances/rapport-general.html L'Afrique noire française : l'heure des Indépendances]''</ref> CJUF was affiliated to the [[World Assembly of Youth]] (WAY), the pro-Western structure set up to counter the [[World Federation of Democratic Youth]] (WFDY). CJUF was dominated by religious organizations.<ref name="e">''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeQMAQAAMAAJ Est & ouest: bulletin de l'Association d'études et d'informations politiques internationales, Vol. 11]''. 1959. p. 38</ref> The [[scout movement]] also participated in CJUF.<ref name="s">[[University of Lausanne]]. ''[http://www.unil.ch/webdav/site/iepi/shared/Bancel_Les_Eclaireurs...doc Les Eclaireurs de France en AOF (1945–1958)]''</ref>
==Saint-Louis congress==
In 1952 CJUF held its congress at the Lycée Faidherbe in the [[Senegal]]ese town of [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]] between July 25 and August 1, 1952.<ref name="a"/><ref name="u">''[https://books.google.com/books?id=YQE5AQAAIAAJ Civilisations, Vol. 2]''. [[Institut International des Civilisations Différentes]]., 1952. p. 574</ref> 65 delegates, representing Metropolitan France, [[French West Africa]] (32 delegates from 8 territories), [[French Equatorial Africa]], [[Algeria]], [[Indochina]] and [[Madagascar]], took part in the congress.<ref name="a"/><ref name="u"/> In that year youth councils had been set up across French West Africa by the colonial authorities. These councils were integrated into CJUF at the Saint-Louis congress. Soon thereafter, in August 1952, CJUF hosted a congress of the World Assembly of Youth at the Lycée Van Vollenhoven in [[Dakar]].<ref name="a">Chafer, Tony. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9GseKljgaW0C&pg=PA131 The End of Empire in French West Africa: France's Successful Decolonization?]'' Oxford [u.a.]: Berg, 2002. pp. 131–132</ref>
==Revolt of West African youth councils==
CJUF ran various activities regarding agricultural development, culture, literacy, hygiene, etc. in the African territories.<ref>Mignon, J.-M. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=hPgoAAAAYAAJ Afrique: jeunesses uniques, jeunesse encadrée : institutions de jeunesse d'éducation populaire et de sports dans onze pays d'Afrique francophone]''. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1984. p. 14</ref> But as anti-colonial feelings grew stronger, the pro-Western and moderate profile of WAY caused dissident amongst the African affiliates of CJUF. By the time of a CJUF congress in [[Yaoundé]] in August 1953, the Senegalese and Nigerien Youth Councils had resigned from CJUF. The following year the Soudanese Youth Council and the RDA Youth boycotted the WAY congress and sent delegates to the congress of WFDY in [[Peking]] instead.<ref name="a"/><ref>Bianchini, Pascal. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=0CFqDaxBxpcC&pg=PA70 École et politique en Afrique noire: sociologie des crises et des rëformes du systéme d'enseignement au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso (1960–2000)]''. Paris: Karthala, 2004. p. 70</ref> In July 1955 the youth councils of West Africa (except the Upper Volta Youth Council) met in [[Bamako]] and formed a new organization, the Federal Youth Council of French West Africa.<ref name="a"/> This organization, later renamed the African Youth Council, would declare itself independent from CJUF, WAY and WFDY.<ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=0NEKAAAAIAAJ Études congolaises, Vol. 2,&nbsp;Ed. 1–5]''. Kinshasa, Institut nationale d'études politiques, Centre de recherche et d'information socio-politiques, Institut politique congolais, 1962. p. 37</ref>
==Later period==
The sixth congress of CJUF was held in [[Tananarive]] between August 3 and 11, 1955. [[Léopold Sédar Senghor]], then a French government minister, chaired the congress.<ref>Ibrahime, Mahmoud. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=lMZyAAAAMAAJ La Naissance De L'élite Politique Comorienne (1945–1975)]''. Paris: Harmattan, 2000. Print. p. 173</ref><ref>Goguel, Anne-Marie. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=7gqhckAZbUoC&pg=PA136 Aux origines du malgache: désir d'école et compétition sociale, 1951–1972]''. Paris: Éd. Karthala, 2006. p. 136</ref> CJUF held its seventh congress in [[Besançon]] July 22&nbsp;– July 29, 1956.<ref>Germe. ''[http://www.germe.info/guide/inventaires/unefcac.htm Fonds Union Nationale des Etudiants de France :: CAC] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225013619/http://www.germe.info/guide/inventaires/unefcac.htm |date=December 25, 2010 }}''</ref>
==Publication==
CJUF published the tri-monthly journal ''Équipes nouvelles de l'Union française: Nouveaux horizons'' between May 1952 and 1957.<ref name="c">Conseil de la jeunesse de l'Union française. ''[https://books.google.com/books/about/Equipes_nouvelles_de_l_Union_française.html?id=ATiFXwAACAAJ Équipes nouvelles de l'Union française: Nouveaux horizons]''. Trimestriel. Président, René Montagne ; secrétaire général, Antoine Lawrence. [1re année. N° 1.] Mai 1952</ref><ref name="d">Ifé. ''[http://www.inrp.fr/presse-education/revue.php?ide_rev=1119&LIMIT_OUVR=1100,10 Presse de l'éducation]''</ref>
==References==
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[[Category:Youth organizations based in France]]
[[Category:Youth organizations established in 1950]]
[[Category:Diaspora organizations in France]]
[[Category:1950 establishments in France]]