View source for Zibda

{{Infobox settlement
| name                    = Zibda
| translit_lang1          = Arabic
| translit_lang1_type     = [[Arabic script|Arabic]]
| translit_lang1_info     = زبده
| type                    = [[Village council (Palestinian Authority)|Municipality type D (Village council)]]
| image_skyline           =
| image_caption           =
| pushpin_map             = Palestine
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location of Zibda within [[State of Palestine|Palestine]]
| image_map               =
| mapsize                 =
| map_caption             =
| coordinates             = {{coord|32|27|00|N|35|07|45|E|region:PS|display=inline,title}}
| grid_name               = [[Palestine grid|Palestine&nbsp;grid]]
| grid_position           = 162/206
| subdivision_type        = State
| subdivision_name        = [[State of Palestine]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[Governorates of the Palestinian National Authority|Governorate]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Jenin Governorate|Jenin]]
| established_title       = Founded
| established_date        =
| government_footnotes    = <!-- for references: use <ref> tags -->
| government_type         = [[Village council (Palestinian Authority)|Village council]]
| leader_title            =
| leader_name             =
| unit_pref               = dunam
| area_footnotes          =
| area_total_km2          =
| area_total_dunam        =
| elevation_footnotes     =
| elevation_m             =
| elevation_min_m         =
| elevation_max_m         =
| population_footnotes    = <ref name="PrelimCensus2017">{{cite report |date=February 2018 |title=Preliminary Results of the Population, Housing and Establishments Census, 2017 |url=https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/Downloads/book2364-1.pdf |department=[[Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics]] (PCBS) |publisher=[[State of Palestine]] |pages=64–82 |access-date=2023-10-24}}</ref>
| population_total        = 1251
| population_as_of        = 2017
| population_note         =
| population_density_km2  = auto
| blank_name_sec1         = Name meaning
| blank_info_sec1         = Zebdah, Zebdah, personal name<ref>Palmer, 1881, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp00conduoft#page/156/mode/1up 156]</ref>
| website                 =
| footnotes               =
}}
'''Zibda'''  ({{langx|ar|زبده }})  is a [[Palestinians|Palestinian]] village in the [[Jenin Governorate]].
==History==
Pottery [[sherd]]s from the early and late [[Roman Empire|Roman]] eras (20% + 25%),<ref name=Zertal288>Zertal, 2016, pp.  [https://books.google.com/books?id=XytzCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA288 288]- [https://books.google.com/books?id=XytzCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA289 289]</ref>   [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] era (25%),<ref name=Zertal288/><ref>Dauphin, 1998, p. 751</ref> and early [[Muslim]] (10%) and the Middle Ages  (15%) have been found here.<ref name=Zertal288/>
Zibda is possibly the place called ''Zebedellum'' in [[Crusader states|Crusader]] sources in the year 1200.<ref name=Zertal288/>
===Ottoman era===
Zibda, like the rest of [[Palestine (region)|Palestine]], was incorporated into the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1517. During the [[16th century|16th]] and [[17th century|17th centuries]], Musmus belonged to [[Turabay dynasty|Turabay]] Emirate (1517-1683), which encompassed also the [[Jezreel Valley]], [[Haifa]], [[Jenin]], [[Beit She'an Valley]], northern [[Jabal Nablus]], [[Manasseh Hills|Bilad al-Ruha/Ramot Menashe]], and the northern part of the [[Sharon plain]].<ref>{{Cite web |last1=al-Bakhīt |first1=Muḥammad ʻAdnān |last2=al-Ḥamūd |first2=Nūfān Rajā |title=Daftar mufaṣṣal nāḥiyat Marj Banī ʻĀmir wa-tawābiʻihā wa-lawāḥiqihā allatī kānat fī taṣarruf al-Amīr Ṭarah Bāy sanat 945 ah |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/28579982 |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=www.worldcat.org |publisher=Jordanian University |pages=1–35 |language=en |publication-place=Amman |publication-date=1989}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Marom |first1=Roy |last2=Marom |first2=Tepper |last3=Adams |first3=Matthew, J |title=Lajjun: Forgotten Provincial Capital in Ottoman Palestine |url=https://www.academia.edu/101515579 |journal=Levant |date=2023 |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=218–241 |doi=10.1080/00758914.2023.2202484|s2cid=258602184 }}</ref>
In the [[Defter|census]] of 1596, the village appeared as ''Zabda'', located in the ''[[nahiya]]'' of ''Sha'ara'' in the ''[[Liwa (Arabic)|liwa]]'' of [[Lajjun]]. It had a population of 26 households, all [[Muslim]]. They paid a fixes tax rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and a tax on a press for olive oil or grape syrup; a total of 6,500 [[akçe]].<ref>Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 159</ref> Pottery remains from the early Ottoman era (5%) have also been found here.<ref name="Zertal288" />
Zibda was temporarily abandoned sometime after the 18th century due to war or [[blood feud]] between brothers, possibly during the [[Qays–Yaman rivalry|Qays–Yaman war]] of 1840–1860.<ref name=":0">Grossman, D. (1986). "Oscillations in the Rural Settlement of Samaria and Judaea in the Ottoman Period". in '''Shomron studies'''. Dar, S., Safrai, S., (eds). Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad Publishing House. p. 345</ref>
In 1838 ''Zebda''  was noted as a village in the [[Jenin]] province, also called the  ''Haritheh esh-Shemaliyeh'' province.<ref>Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. [https://archive.org/stream/biblicalresearch03robiuoft#page/131/mode/1up 131]</ref>
In 1870/1871 (1288 [[Anno Hegirae|AH]]), an Ottoman census listed the village in the ''nahiya'' of Shafa al-Gharby.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Grossman |first=David |title=Arab Demography and Early Jewish Settlement in Palestine |publisher=Magnes Press |year=2004 |location=Jerusalem |pages=257}}</ref>
In 1882, the [[Palestine Exploration Fund|PEF]]'s published its 1870s ''[[PEF Survey of Palestine|Survey of Western Palestine]]'' (SWP) described ''Zebdah'' as "a ruined village with a [[well]]."<ref>Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. [https://archive.org/stream/surveyofwesternp02conduoft#page/72/mode/1up 72]</ref>
===British Mandate era===
In the [[1922 census of Palestine]] conducted by the [[Mandatory Palestine|British Mandate authorities]], ''Zabdah'' had a population 150 Muslims,<ref>Barron, 1923,  Table V, Sub-district of Jenin, p. [https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n32/mode/1up 30]</ref> decreasing in the [[1931 census of Palestine|1931 census]] to 132 Muslim, in a total of 22 houses.<ref name="Census1931">Mills, 1932, p. [https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas 72]</ref>
In the [[Village Statistics, 1945|1945 statistics]], the population of Zibda was 190 Muslims,<ref name=DoS1945>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics, 1945, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/VSpages/VS1945_p17.jpg 17]</ref> with a total 11,924 [[dunam]]s of land, according to an official land and population survey.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20I/Jinin/Page-055.jpg 55]</ref>  Of this, 1,136 dunams were used for plantations and irrigable land, 1,022 dunams were for cereals,<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi,  1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20II/Jinin/Page-100.jpg 100]</ref> while a total of 6,591 dunams were classified as non-cultivable land.<ref>Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. ''Village Statistics, April, 1945.'' Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. [http://www.palestineremembered.com/download/VillageStatistics/Table%20III/Jinin/Page-150.jpg 150]</ref>
===Jordanian era===
Following the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]], and the subsequent [[1949 Armistice Agreements]], Zibda came under [[Jordanian annexation of the West Bank|Jordanian rule]].
The Jordanian census of 1961 found 225 inhabitants.<ref>Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, p. [http://users.cecs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensusPages/JordanCensus1961-p25.pdf 25]</ref>
===Israeli occupation===
Since the 1967 [[Six-Day War]], Zibda has been [[Israeli occupation of the West Bank|occupied by Israel]].
The village has two [[Maqam (shrine)|tombs]] within it.<ref>Frantzman and Bar, 2013, p. [https://www.academia.edu/4792931/Mapping_Muslim_Sacred_Tombs_in_Palestine_During_the_Mandate_Period 102]</ref>
Zibda was temporarily abandoned sometime after the 18th century due to war or [[blood feud]] between brothers, possibly during the [[Qays–Yaman rivalry|Qays–Yaman war]] of 1840–1860.<ref name=":0" />
== Demography ==
The village is dominated by the Amarnah family from [[Ya'bad]].<ref name=":0" />
==References==
{{reflist|25em}}
== Bibliography ==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book | editor =Barron, J.B. | title = Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922 |url=https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922   |publisher = Government of Palestine | year = 1923}}
*{{cite book|last1=Conder|first1=C.R.|author-link1=Claude Reignier Conder|last2=Kitchener|first2=H.H.|author-link2=Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|year=1882|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp02conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology|location=London|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]|volume=2}}
*{{cite book |last= Dauphin |first = C.|author-link= Claudine Dauphin| title = La Palestine byzantine, Peuplement et Populations |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FC1mAAAAMAAJ |volume = III : Catalogue | series = BAR International Series 726 | year = 1998 | publisher = Archeopress | location = Oxford|language =fr|isbn= 0-860549-05-4}}
*{{cite journal| author = Frantzman, Seth J. and Doron Bar | title = Mapping Muslim Sacred Tombs in Palestine During the Mandate Period |url=https://www.academia.edu/4792931| journal = Levant | volume = 45 | year = 2013 | issue = 1 | pages = 96–111 | doi = 10.1179/0075891412Z.00000000011 | s2cid = 162185684 | quote = Zibda, Umm Safa and Sinjil in the northern central highlands had two [tombs] each.}}
*{{cite book | title = First Census of Population and Housing. Volume I: Final Tables; General Characteristics of the Population | author = Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics | year = 1964|url=http://cs.anu.edu.au/~bdm/yabber/census/JordanCensus1961bits.pdf}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics, April, 1945 |url=http://web.nli.org.il/sites/nli/Hebrew/library/Pages/BookReader.aspx?pid=856390|author=Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics|year=1945}}
*{{cite book|title=Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine|url=http://www.palestineremembered.com/Articles/General-2/Story3150.html|first=S. | last=Hadawi|author-link=Sami Hadawi|year=1970|publisher=Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center}}
*{{cite book | last1= Hütteroth|first1=W.-D.|author-link1=Wolf-Dieter Hütteroth  |first2=K. | last2=Abdulfattah |author-link2=Kamal Abdulfattah| title = Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=wqULAAAAIAAJ  | year = 1977 | publisher = Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft|isbn= 3-920405-41-2}}
*{{cite book | editor = Mills, E.  | title = Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas | url=https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas | publisher = Government of Palestine | location = Jerusalem | year = 1932}}
*{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=E.H.|author-link=Edward Henry Palmer|year=1881|url=https://archive.org/details/surveyofwesternp00conduoft|title=The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer|publisher=[[Palestine Exploration Fund|Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund]]}}
*{{cite book|last1=Robinson|first1=E.|author-link1=Edward Robinson (scholar)|last2=Smith|first2=E.|author-link2=Eli Smith|year=1841|url=https://archive.org/details/biblicalresearch03robiuoft |title=Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838|  location=Boston|publisher=[[Crocker & Brewster]]|volume=3}}
*{{cite book|last=Zertal|first=A.|author-link=Adam Zertal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XytzCwAAQBAJ   |title=The Manasseh Hill Country Survey|volume=3|location=Boston|publisher=BRILL|year=2016|isbn=978-9004312302 }} (see also ''Tell esh-Sheikh Ṣabar'', p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XytzCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA285 285] ff and p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=XytzCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA78 78])
{{refend}}
== External links ==
*[http://www.palestineremembered.com/GeoPoints/Zibda_1725/index.html Welcome To Zibda]
*[https://www.welcometopalestine.com/destinations/jenin/zibda/ Zibda], Welcome to Palestine
*Survey of Western Palestine, Map 8: [http://www.iaa-archives.org.il/zoom/zoom.aspx?folder_id=93&type_id=6&id=8389 IAA], [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Survey_of_Western_Palestine_1880.08.jpg Wikimedia commons]
{{Jenin Governorate}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Villages in the West Bank]]
[[Category:Jenin Governorate]]
[[Category:Municipalities of the State of Palestine]]