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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2024}}
'''Zurlo''' is an [[Italian surname]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of COGNOMIX |title=Zurlo – Origine del Cognome |trans-title=Zurlo – Origin of the Surname |url=https://www.cognomix.it/origine-cognome/zurlo.php |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=COGNOMIX |language=IT |quote=The origin of the surname Zurolo, also called Zurlo or Zurulu.}}</ref>
== Variations ==
''Zurulo'', ''Zurolo'',<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of HistAntArtSI |title=Zurlo, famiglia |trans-title=Zurlo, family |url=http://db.histantartsi.eu/web/rest/Famiglie%20e%20Persone/249 |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=HistAntArtSI |language=IT |quote=Other names: Zurulo, Zurolo}}</ref> ''Zullo'' and others.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of nomorigine |title=Genealogy, meaning and origin of the zurlo surname |url=https://en.nomorigine.com/origin-of-surname/zurlo/ |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=nomorigine |language=EN |quote=The surname Zurolo or its modern form Zurlo, has several linguistic variants that have evolved over time.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Gennaro Zurolo |title=Casata Zurolo. Origini e sviluppo di una famiglia feudale del Meridione d'Italia |page=21 |language=IT |trans-title=Zurolo House. Origins and development of a feudal family from Southern Italy |chapter=I}}</ref>
== Geographical distribution ==
As of 2014, among all known bearers of the surname "Zurolo" there were residents in various countries as follows: Italy (frequency 1:55,902), of United States of America (frequency 1:567,228), of Argentina (frequency 1:87,054), of Brazil (frequency 1:891,976), of Germany (frequency 1:1,518,971), of France (frequency 1:1,509,607), of Belgium (frequency 1:338,137), of Turkey (frequency 1:2,358,225), of Switzerland (frequency 1:315,881) and Uruguay (frequency 1:285,980).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of Forebears |title=Zurlo surname |url=https://forebears.io/surnames/zurlo |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=Forebears |language=EN |quote=Look at the graphs, the spread of the surname Zurlo in Italy and in the rest of the world.}}</ref>
[[File:EmlakKonutFraBroen.jpg|thumb|Partial view of the city of ''[[Çorlu]]''.]]
== Origins and diffusion ==
The surnames Zurolo could be of [[Greek language|Greek origin]] and subsequently [[Italian language|Italianised]].
Zurolo, as the original toponym of a fortified town (formerly a [[Colonia (Roman)|Roman colony]] in [[Thrace]]), today [[Çorlu]] (Turkia). Çorlu, formerly [[Syrallo-Tzurulos]] (Zurulo-Zurolo), a locality in the province of [[Tekirdağ]] in Turkey.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gennaro Zurolo |title=Casata Zurolo. Origini e sviluppo di una famiglia feudale del Meridione d'Italia |year=2024 |pages=12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 |language=IT |trans-title=Zurolo House. Origins and development of a feudal family from Southern Italy |chapter=I |quote=From the first half of the 14th century the use of the double surname (Piscicello Zurolo or Zurulo) became widespread for the reorganization of the city seats1, wanted by Robert of Anjou (1309–1343), and the Zurolo or Zurulo or Zurlo (or Zullo), also called Zuroli, officially joined the noble Seat of Capuana, in the Piscicelli district, a locality in the province of Tekirdağin Turkey, located south-east of Thrace (from the Greek Θράκη; from the Latin Thracia, former province of the Roman Empire; historical region of the Balkan peninsula divided between Greece and Turkey largely, and Bulgaria for a short stretch), and precisely on the long route of the flat Roman road, between Adrianople and Byzantium-Constantinople. On the other hand, the term Tzurulum derives from the Hunno-Turkish word saola which means to monitor, indicating a fortified village – Tzurulum ingressus castrum muniebat, so much so that in 441 AD, the year of the reign of Theodosius II, emperor of the East from 408 to 450, is often cited in ancient maps and documentary sources of Byzantine historiography (see Procopius of Caesarea, DE ÆDIFICIS, LibroIV), as one of the most important and strategic outposts of the Eastern Roman Empire. There were numerous fortified works in the 4th century, designed and built to stem the advances of the barbarian populations who repeatedly devastated these borderlands. Of the fortified city of Çorlu (formerly Tzurulumo Tzurulos) there still remain traces of its imposing Roman and Byzantine walls (see), remodeled several times until the time of the Palaeologus, the last dynasty of Byzantium which ruled the empire from 1258 to 1453. This family, also to distinguish itself from the original branch, gave itself the double surname of Piscicello Zurolo which it replaced, around the 13th century, definitively – with the descendants of a certain Giovanni Giovannello Piscicello known as Zurolo.}}</ref>
The first known document where the surname of the noble [[Zurolo family]] (also called Zurlo in this document and in others) appears transcribed is an Italian [[Will and testament|will]] from 1369.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of COGNOMIX |title=Zurlo – Origine del Cognome |trans-title=Zurlo – Origin of the Surname |url=https://www.cognomix.it/origine-cognome/zurlo.php |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=COGNOMIX |language=IT |quote=Traces of these surnames are found in a will from 1369: ''In nomine domini nostri Iesu Christi Anno a nativitate eiusdem millesimo trecentesimo sexagesimo nono Regnante autem Serenissima domina nostra domina Johanna dei gratia Hierusalem et Sicilie Regina ducatus Apulie Principatus Capue Provincie et forcalquerij ac Pedemontis Comitissa. Regnorum vero eius anno bicesimo septimo feliciter. Amen. Die secundo mensis februarii septime Inditionis Neapoli. Nos Georgius Aycardi de Benevento Reginalis Camere ballictus Nicolaus Thorij dicti mancini de casale Sancti Laurentii de Limata publicus ubilibet per totum Regnum Sicilie Reginali aucthoritate notarius et teste infra scripti biri utique licterat, ad hoc specialiter bocati et rogati videlicet dominus Tuccillus Zurulus de Neapoli Miles Reginalis hospitii Senescallus...''}}</ref>
The nation that has the most people with the surname Zurolo (the ancient form) and Zurlo (the derived form) remains Italy, in second place for diffusion is the United States of America.
'''Zurolo''' is the archaic form of the surname Zurlo, it is very widespread in [[Castellammare di Stabia]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of CODICEINVERSO.IT |title=Cognome Zurolo |trans-title=Surname Zurolo |url=https://www.codiceinverso.it/directory-cognomi/zurolo.html |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=CODICEINVERSO.IT |language=IT}}</ref> and in the Neapolitan hinterland area.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of GANINO |title=Italian Surnames – Cognomi Italiani – Z, (ZURLO-ZURLO) |trans-title=Italian Surnames – Italian Surnames – Z, (ZURLO-ZURLO) |url=https://ganino.com/cognomi_italiani_z |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=GANINO |language=IT}}</ref> It seems that the surname is very frequent in southern Italy, however, it also has a strain in the [[Padua]] area.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Staff of HERALDRYS INSTITUTE OF ROME-Araldion Italian D.C.V. Rome |title=ZURLO I ZUROLO |trans-title=ZURLO I ZUROLO |url=https://www.heraldrysinstitute.com/lang/it/ricerca/?search=ZUROLO |access-date=5 May 2024 |website=HERALDRYS INSTITUTE OF ROME-Araldion Italian D.C.V. Rome |language=IT |quote=The spread of the surname Zurolo in Italy seems to be mainly widespread in the southern Italy area, but it also has a strong strain in the Padua area, in Veneto.}}</ref>
'''Zurlo''' is present in [[Calabria]], Campania, [[Lucania]], Molise and [[Puglia]] ([[Brindisi]], [[Lecce]], [[Taranto]]).
'''Zullo''' is widespread in [[Abruzzo]], Calabria, [[Campania]], Lombardy, [[Molise]] and [[Puglia]] ([[Brindisi]], [[Lecce]], [[Taranto]]), with another branch in [[Sicily]], in the [[Messina]] area. Another strain of the same (Zurolo) is present in the US ([[Connecticut]], Florida, [[Maryland]], [[Nevada]], [[Wisconsin]]).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gennaro Zurolo |title=Casata Zurolo. Origini e sviluppo di una famiglia feudale del Meridione d'Italia |year=2024 |pages=11, 12, 13 and 14 |language=IT |trans-title=Zurolo House. Origins and development of a feudal family from Southern Italy |chapter=I |quote=The origins and diffusion of the surname Zurolo in Europe and the world, over the centuries.}}</ref>
== Meaning ==
The surname Zurolo and its derivation Zurlo could derive from modifications of the Greek name Ζωή (Zoe).
Zurlo certainly originates from the Greek 'zurlos' = crazy.
S. m. [prob., dialect variant of girlo]. – In the Venetian dialect, spinning top; fig., person of little brain, or reckless, escaped (with these uses fig., also to the feminine zurla).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Staff of Treccani |title=Zurlo |trans-title=Zurlo |url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/zurlo_res-3eddcc00-13ec-11e4-a818-00271042e8d9/ |journal=Treccani |language=IT |access-date=5 May 2024}}</ref>
'''żurlo''' s. m. [der. di ''żurlare''], tosc. ant. – Ruzzo, allegria vivace e chiassosa, voglia di scherzare, e sim.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Staff of Treccani |title=żurlo |trans-title=żurlo |url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/zurlo/?search=%C5%BCurlo |journal=Treccani |language=IT |access-date=5 May 2024}}</ref>
== People ==
Notable people with the surname include:
* [[Giovanni Zurolo]] – also called Giovanni Zurlo (*1382 †1440), count, feudal lord and Useful Lord, of the [[Angri|Terra d'Angri]], of [[Roccapiemonte]] and of other lands of the Kingdom of Naples; already a valiant leader;
* [[Francesco Zurolo]] – also called Francesco Zurulo or Francesco Zurlo, (b. first half of the 15th century – d. [[Otranto]], 11 August 1480), baron of [[Oppido Lucano]] and feudal lord of Pietragalla and Casalaspro;
* [[Caterina Zurolo]] – (†1500), baroness and feudal lady of Otranto, [[Casalaspro]] and [[Pietragalla]], and other lands of the Kingdom;
* [[Francesco Zurolo (judge of the Italian knights during the events of the Challenge of Barletta on 13 February 1503)|Francesco Zurolo]], also known as Francesco Zurlo, messer Francesco Zurolo (*1447 †1505) was a judge of the Italian knights during the events of the [[Challenge of Barletta|Challenge of Barletta on 13 February 1503]].
* [[Giuseppe Capece Zurlo]] (1711–1801), Italian [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]] who served as [[Archbishop]] of [[Naples]].
*[[Federico Zurlo]] (born 1994), Italian cyclist.
{{wiktionary|zurlo|Zurlo}}
== Also ==
* [[Vico and Vicoletto of the Zuroli]]
== Notes ==
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{{surname}}
[[Category:Italian-language surnames]]