Battle of Sich (1680)
| Battle of Sich | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of the Russo-Turkish War (1676–1681) and Turkish-Cossack Conflict | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
|
File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg Zaporozhian Cossacks File:Flag of Don Cossacks.svg Don Cossacks |
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Ottoman Empire File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg Crimean Khanate | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
| File:Flag of the Cossack Hetmanat.svg Ivan Sirko | File:Flag of Turkey.svg Kara-Muhammad | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| Unknown |
File:Flag of Turkey.svg 25,000[1] File:Flag of the Crimean Khanate (15th century).svg Unknown | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
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The Battle of Sich or Stand on the Sich took place between the Ottoman-Crimean army led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad and the Zaporozhian-Don Cossacks led by Ivan Sirko, on the Sich or Lobodukha tract between islands, in c. June 1680.
Prelude
In 1678, information about the planned Ottoman campaigns on Kyiv and Left-Bank Ukraine in the upcoming year became known to Tsardom of Russia and Samoylovych's Cossack Hetmanate.[2][3] Ottomans made no attempts to capture Zaporozhian Sich in 1679.[4] However, Sultan Mehmed IV planned a campaign against Sich for 1680, gathering an Ottoman army of 25,000 led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad for this purpose.[1][5]
Battle
Ukrainian interpretation
Sultan Mehmed IV ordered for the 25,000-strong Ottoman army to launch a campaign against Sich in c. June 1680.[1] Ivan Sirko received the news about the incoming Ottoman-Crimean army, and was preparing for the upcoming battle. Zaporozhian Cossacks of Ivan Sirko, together with Don Cossacks, organised defense of the Sich.[1] The Ottoman-Crimean army suffered a defeat to the Cossacks and was forced to retreat.[1] In Ukrainian histography, this event was remembered as Ivan Sirko's last battle and victory, during which Sirko "lowered his victorious mace for the last time in the battle with the Horde".[1]
Russian interpretation
Sultan Mehmed IV sent the Ottoman army led by Pasha Kara-Muhammad with the goal of destroying Sich.[5] This news reached Ivan Sirko, but he didn't want to risk the destruction of Sich and chose to position with Cossacks on Lobodukha tract.[5] Ivan Sirko organised his defense on the Lobodukha tract between islands, preparing for battle with the Ottoman army. However, Pasha Kara-Muhammad received the news about the incoming Russian army led by Yakov Koretsky, coming to the aid of Ivan Sirko and his Cossacks.[5] Pasha Kara-Muhammad chose to retreat with his army before any major fighting took place.[5] In Russian histography, this event is described as a standoff rather than full-fledged battle.
Aftermath
After Ivan Sirko's defense of the Sich and subsequent retreat of the Ottoman-Crimean army, he fell ill and retired to the village of Hrushivka.[1] Russians and Cossacks repelled the Ottoman-Crimean attacks that took place in 1679–1680, and on 3 January 1681, signed Treaty of Bakhchisarai, concluding the Russo-Turkish War.[6]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 "Екскурс – заочна подорож « СТОРІНКАМИ КОЗАЦЬКОЇ ДОБИ»". naurok.com.ua. Retrieved 2024-11-17.
- ↑ On the Eve of the Signing of the Treaty of Bakhchisarai: Russian-Ottoman Military Confrontation in Ukraine in 1679 and 1680 (In Russian) [1], p. 53.
- ↑ On the Eve of the Signing of the Treaty of Bakhchisarai: Russian-Ottoman Military Confrontation in Ukraine in 1679 and 1680 (In Russian) [2], p. 54.
- ↑ On the Eve of the Signing of the Treaty of Bakhchisarai: Russian-Ottoman Military Confrontation in Ukraine in 1679 and 1680 (In Russian) [3], p. 57.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Sobchenko Ivan Sergeevich (2020). Kosh Otaman of Zaporozhian Sich I.D. Sirko (In Russian). Moscow: Ваш формат. p. 246.
- ↑ Paxton, John; Traynor, John (2004). Leaders of Russia and the Soviet Union. Taylor & Francis Books Inc. p. 195.