Divorce demography

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Divorce demography is the study of divorce statistics in a population. There are three ratios used for divorce rate calculations: crude divorce rate, refined divorce rate, and divorce-to-marriage ratio. Each of these calculations has weaknesses and can be misleading[1].

Estimates of annual divorces by country

The following are the countries with the most annual divorces according to the United Nations in 2009.[2][3]

Country Divorces
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 1,893,000
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States 1,106,670
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia 685,910
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 257,475
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 190,928

Divorce statistics by country/region (per 1,000 population / year)

Country/region Continent Divorce rate Ratio Data Source Year
Marriage Divorce Refined Percent
File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania Europe 8.1 1.7 4.76 20.99 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Algeria.svg Algeria Africa 10.1 1.6 6.31 15.84 (2013)[5]
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia (more info) Oceania 4.6 2.0 2.3 43.48 (2017)[6]
File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria Europe 5.3 1.8 2.94 33.96 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan Asia 9.7 1.5 6.47 15.46 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas North America 6.1 1.0 6.1 16.39 (2007)[7][8]
File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus Europe 6.1 3.7 1.65 60.66 (2023)[9]
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium (more info) Europe 3.9 2.1 1.86 53.85 (2016)[4]
File:Flag of Bermuda.svg Bermuda 10.6 2.7 3.93 25.47 (2009)[7][8]
File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina Europe 4.8 0.6 8 12.5 (2012)[4]
File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil South America 6.6 1.4 4.71 21.21 (2009)[10]
File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria Europe 4.1 1.5 2.73 36.59 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada (more info) North America 4.4 2.1 2.1 47.73 (2008)[7][8]
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile (more info) South America 3.3 0.7 4.71 21.21 (2009)[7][8]
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China (more info) Asia 7.2 3.2 2.25 44.44 (2018)[citation needed]
File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia South America 2.3 0.7 3.29 30.43 (2007)[11]
File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica North America 5.3 2.5 2.12 47.17 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia Europe 4.9 1.5 3.27 30.61 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba (more info) North America 5.2 2.9 1.79 55.77 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus Asia 6.8 2.2 3.09 32.35 (2017)[4]
File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic Europe 5.1 2.3 2.22 45.1 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark Europe 5.6 2.6 2.15 46.43 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic North America 4.4 1.8 2.44 40.91 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador South America 5.6 1.1 5.09 19.64 (2006)[11]
File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt (more info) Africa 11.0 1.9 5.79 17.27 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador North America 3.5 0.8 4.38 22.86 (2006)[11]
File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia Europe 5.0 2.4 2.08 48 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Europe.svg European Union 4.4 2 2.2 45.45 (2017)[4]
File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland Europe 4.3 2.4 1.79 55.81 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of France.svg France Europe 3.7 1.9 1.95 51.35 (2016)[4]
File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia Asia 6.9 1.3 5.31 18.84 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany (more info) Europe 4.9 1.9 2.58 38.78 (2017)[4]
File:Flag of Gibraltar.svg Gibraltar 6.7 3.2 2.09 47.76 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Grenada.svg Grenada North America 5.0 1.1 4.55 22 (2001)[11]
File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece Europe 4.7 1.8 2.61 38.3 (2017)[4]
File:Flag of Guatemala.svg Guatemala North America 3.8 1.2 3.17 31.58 (2008)[7][8]
File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary Europe 5.2 1.7 3.06 32.69 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland Europe 4.9 1.8 2.72 36.73 (2010)[4]
File:Flag of India.svg India (more info) Asia 10 0.1 100 1 ?[12]
File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran (more info) Asia 11.2 1.6 7 14.29 (2017)[13]
File:Flag of Iraq.svg Iraq Asia Un­known 2.24 (2024)[14]
File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland Europe 4.6 0.7 6.57 15.22 (2017)[4]
File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel (more info) Asia 6.5 1.8 3.61 27.69 (2009)[citation needed]
File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy Europe 3.2 1.5 2.13 46.88 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica North America 7.5 1.5 5 20 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan (more info) Asia 4.8 1.7 2.82 35.42 (2019)[15]
File:Flag of Jordan.svg Jordan Asia 6.7 1.8 3.72 26.87 (2019)[16][17][18]
File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan Asia 7.3 2.5 2.92 34.25 (2021)[19][20]
File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait Asia 5.2 2.2 2.36 42.31 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan Asia 9.7 1.6 6.06 16.49 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia Europe 6.8 3.1 2.19 45.59 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Lebanon.svg Lebanon Asia 9.5 1.6 5.94 16.84 (2007)[7][8]
File:Flag of Libya.svg Libya Africa 10.8 2.5 4.32 23.15 (2008)[21]
File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein Europe 5.0 2.4 2.08 48 (2010)[4]
File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania Europe 7.0 3.1 2.26 44.29 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg Europe 2.9 2.3 1.26 79.31 (2020)[4]
File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia Asia 6.4 1.6 4 25 (2019)[22]
File:Flag of Maldives.svg Maldives Asia Un­known 5.52 (2024)[14]
File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta (more info) Europe 5.8 0.7 8.29 12.07 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius Africa 8.2 1.4 5.86 17.07 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico North America 5.2 0.9 5.78 17.31 (2009)[7][8]
File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova Europe 7.3 3.1 2.35 42.47 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia Asia 3.4 1.1 3.09 32.35 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro Europe 5.3 1.4 3.79 26.42 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands Europe 3.7 1.8 2.06 48.65 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand (more info) Oceania 4.8 2.0 2.4 41.67 (2008)[7][8]
File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua North America 4.5 0.8 5.63 17.78 (2005)[11]
File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia Europe 6.5 0.8 8.13 12.31 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway (more info) Europe 4.3 1.9 2.26 44.19 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama North America 3.7 1.0 3.7 27.03 (2010)[7][8]
File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland (more info) Europe 5.1 1.7 3 33.33 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal Europe 1.8 1.7 1.06 94.44 (2020)[4]
File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar Asia 3.3 1.1 3 33.33 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania Europe 7.4 1.6 4.63 21.62 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia Europe 5.3 3.9 1.36 73.58 (2020)[23][24]
File:Flag of Saint Lucia.svg Saint Lucia North America 2.8 0.7 4 25 (2004)[11]
File:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Saint Vincent and the Grenadines North America 5.8 0.8 7.25 13.79 (2007)[7][8]
File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino Europe 6.1 2.5 2.44 40.98 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia Asia 5.6 2.1 2.67 37.5 (2020)[25]
File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia Europe 5.2 1.4 3.71 26.92 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Seychelles.svg Seychelles Africa 17.4 1.9 9.16 10.92 (2011)[7][8]
File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore (more info) Asia 6.8 1.9 3.58 27.94 (2015)[26]
File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia Europe 5.7 1.8 3.17 31.58 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia Europe 3.5 1.1 3.18 31.43 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa (more info) Africa 3.5 0.6 5.83 17.14 (2009)[10]
File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea (more info) Asia 4.7 2.2 2.14 46.81 (2019)[27]
File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain Europe 1.9 1.6 1.19 84.21 (2020)[4]
File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka Asia ? 0.15 ?[28]
File:Flag of Suriname.svg Suriname South America 4.2 1.3 3.23 30.95 (2007)[7][8]
File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden Europe 5.0 2.5 2 50 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg  Switzerland Europe 4.8 2.0 2.4 41.67 (2016)[4]
File:Flag of Syria.svg Syria Asia 10.6 1.3 8.15 12.26 (2006)[11]
File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan Asia 5.7 2.3 2.48 40.35 (2018)[29]
File:Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan Asia 13.5 1.4 9.64 10.37 (2009)[7][8]
File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand Asia 5.5 1.4 3.93 25.45 (2005)[11]
File:Flag of Tonga.svg Tonga Oceania 7.1 1.2 5.92 16.9 (2003)[11]
File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago North America 6.3 2.2 2.86 34.92 (2005)[11][30]
File:Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia Africa (2016)[31]
File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey Europe 6.8 1.7 4 25 (2018)[4]
File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine Europe 4.06 2.88 1.41 70.94 (2020)
File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates Asia 2.8 0.7 4 25 (2005)[32]
File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom (more info) Europe 4.4 1.8 2.44 40.91 (2015)[4]
File:Flag of the United States.svg United States (more info) North America 5.1 2.3 2.22 45.1 (2020)[33]
File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay South America 3.2 ? (2010)[7]
File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan Asia 7.8 1.1 7.09 14.1 (2006)[34][35]
File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela South America 3.3 1.2 2.75 36.36 (2006)[7]
File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam Asia 5.7 0.4 14.25 7.02 (2015)[7][8]

Metrics / statistics

Crude divorce rate

This is divorces per 1,000 population per year.[1] For example, if a city has 10,000 people living in it, and 30 couples divorce in one year, then the crude divorce rate for that year is 3 divorces per 1,000 residents. Crude Divorce Rate=Number of divorcesPopulation×1000 The crude divorce rate can give a general overview of marriage in an area, but it does not take people who cannot marry into account. For example, it would include young children, who are clearly not of marriageable age in its sample. In a place with large numbers of children or single adults, the crude divorce rate can seem low. In a place with few children and single adults, the crude divorce rate can seem high.

Refined divorce rate

This measures the number of divorces per 1,000 women married to men, so that all unmarried persons are left out of the calculation.[1] For example, if that same city of 10,000 people has 3,000 married women, and 30 couples divorce in one year, then the refined divorce rate is 10 divorces per 1,000 married women. Refined Divorce Rate=Number of divorcesNumber of married women×1000

Divorce-to-marriage ratio

This compares the number of divorces in a given year to the number of marriages in that same year (the ratio of the crude divorce rate to the crude marriage rate).[1] For example, if there are 500 divorces and 1,000 marriages in a given year in a given area, the ratio would be one divorce for every two marriages, e.g. a ratio of 0.50 (50%). Divorce-to-Marriage Ratio=Number of divorcesNumber of marriages However, this measurement compares two unlike populations – those who can marry and those who can divorce. Say there exists a community with 100,000 married couples, and very few people capable of marriage, for reasons such as age. If 1,000 people obtain divorces and 1,000 people get married in the same year, the ratio is one divorce for every marriage, which may lead people to think that the community's relationships are extremely unstable, despite the number of married people not changing. This is also true in reverse: a community with very many people of marriageable age may have 10,000 marriages and 1,000 divorces, leading people to believe that it has very stable relationships. Furthermore, these two rates are not directly comparable since the marriage rate only examines the current year, while the divorce rate examines the outcomes of marriages for many previous years. This does not equate to the proportion of marriages in a given single-year cohort that will ultimately end in divorce. In any given year, underlying rates may change, and this can affect the ratio. For example, during an economic downturn, some couples might postpone a divorce because they can't afford to live separately. These individual choices could seem to temporarily improve the divorce-to-marriage ratio.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 England, J. Lynn; Kunz, Phillip R. (February 1975), "The Application of Age-Specific Rates to Divorce", Journal of Marriage and the Family, 37 (1), Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 37, No. 1: 40–46, doi:10.2307/351029, JSTOR 351029
  2. ↑ "United Nations Population Division | Department of Economic and Social Affairs".
  3. ↑ UNPD WMD 2008 Divorces un.org
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 4.25 4.26 4.27 4.28 4.29 4.30 4.31 4.32 4.33 4.34 4.35 4.36 4.37 4.38 "Marriage and divorce statistics". Eurostat 2017.
  5. ↑ "Office National des statistiques - Démographie Algérienne 2014" (PDF). Office National des Statistiques (ONS) 2013.
  6. ↑ Australian Bureau of Statistic: Marriages and Divorces
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 "Marriages and crude marriage rates" (PDF). United Nations Statistical Division (UNSTAT). Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 8.16 8.17 8.18 8.19 8.20 8.21 8.22 8.23 8.24 8.25 8.26 8.27 8.28 "Divorces and crude divorce rates" (PDF). United Nations Statistical Division (UNSTAT). Retrieved 10 January 2013.
  9. ↑ Брачность и разводимость в Республике Беларусь
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 BRICS Joint Statistical Publication 2012, Chapter 3: Population (PDF). 2012. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-28. Retrieved 2013-01-20.
  11. ↑ 11.00 11.01 11.02 11.03 11.04 11.05 11.06 11.07 11.08 11.09 "World Marriage Data 2008". United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2009). Retrieved 19 January 2013.
  12. ↑ Divorce Rates in the World [Updated 2024]
  13. ↑ BBC Persian "رکورد طلاق در ایران شکست؛ ثبت ۱۷۵ هزار جدایی در سال ۱۳۹۶", BBC, London, 9 April 2018. Retrieved on 28 November 2018.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Divorce Rates by Country 2024". World Population Review. Archived from the original on 5 February 2024. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
  15. ↑ "令和婚ブームで2019年の婚姻数は7年ぶりの増加 : 初婚年齢、後ろずれの傾向". 24 June 2020.
  16. ↑ 8 Registered Marriages by Age of Bride and Groom, 2019 (PDF). Department of Statistics. 2019.
  17. ↑ Registered Divorces by Governorate, 2015-2019 (PDF). Department of Statistics. 2019.
  18. ↑ Registered Marriages by Governorate, 2015-2019 (PDF). Department of Statistics. 2019.
  19. ↑ "Излюбленными месяцами молодожёнов в прошедшем году стали июль и август". ranking.kz.
  20. ↑ "Бес в ребро? 13% пар, решивших развестись, провели в браке более 20 лет". ranking.kz.
  21. ↑ UNESCWA Population Statistics
  22. ↑ "Marriage and Divorce Statistics, Malaysia, 2019". Department of Statistics Malaysia.
  23. ↑ Обновлено БРАКИ. Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service). 2020. Archived from the original on 2022-03-31. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  24. ↑ Обновлено - 09.07.2021: РАЗВОДЫ. Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service). 2020. Archived from the original on 2022-04-01. Retrieved 2021-08-24.
  25. ↑ Marriage and Divorce Statistics 2020 (PDF). General Authority for Statistics - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. 2020.
  26. ↑ SINGAPORE SOCIAL STATISTICS IN BRIEF 2015 (PDF). Ministry of Social and Family Development. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 4 December 2015.
  27. ↑ "Statistics Korea".
  28. ↑ "UNICEF:Sri Lanka Statistics". Archived from the original on 2018-08-30. Retrieved 2014-06-19.
  29. ↑ "An average of 149 couples file for divorce per day in Taiwan in 2018: Data | Taiwan News | 2019-06-23 14:19:00". 23 June 2019.
  30. ↑ United Nations Statistical Division (UNSTAT) 2010
  31. ↑ "Data Development Hub".
  32. ↑ UNESCWA Population Statistics
  33. ↑ "Marriage and Divorce". National Center for Health Statistics. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 28 May 2019. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  34. ↑ "Gender: average marriage rate 2000-2006". UNDP CO in Uzbekistan, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-10-17.
  35. ↑ "Gender: average divorce rate 2000-2006". UNDP CO in Uzbekistan, 2013. Archived from the original on 2013-10-17.

External links

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