List of light sources
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This is a list of sources of light, the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Light sources produce photons from another energy source, such as heat, chemical reactions, or conversion of mass or a different frequency of electromagnetic energy, and include light bulbs and stars like the Sun. Reflectors (such as the moon, cat's eyes, and mirrors) do not actually produce the light that comes from them.
Incandescence
Incandescence is the emission of light from a hot body as a result of its temperature.
- Nernst lamp – Early form of lamp using an incandescent ceramic rod
- Volcanic eruption
File:Puu Oo cropped.jpg Volcanic eruption
Combustion
Lamps
- Argand lamp – Type of oil lamp (obsolete)
- Carbide lamp – Acetylene-burning lamps
- Coleman lantern – Series of pressure lamps
- Betty lamp – Oil or grease burning lamp originating from Europe (error)[clarification needed]
- Butter lamp – Lamps traditionally burning clarified yak butter
- Flash-lamp – Electrically ignited photographic light source
- Gas lighting – Type of artificial light
- Gas mantle – Device for generating bright light when heated by a flame
- Kerosene lamp – Type of lighting device that uses kerosene as a fuel
- Lantern – Portable lighting devices
- Limelight – Type of stage lighting once used in theatres and music halls (obsolete)
- Oil lamp – Lamp used for lighting by burning oil
File:NOLA19thCenturyOilLamp.JPG Oil lamp - Tilley lamp – Pressurized kerosene lamps made by the Tilley company in the UK
Other
- Argon flash – Single-use source of very short and extremely bright flash of light - shock wave
- Brazier – Container used to burn charcoal or other solid fuel
- Bunsen burner – Laboratory device used to make fire from fuel and oxidizer gases
- Candle – Wick embedded in solid flammable substance
File:Candle flame (1).jpg Candle - Ember – A hot lump of slowly burning solid fuel, usually associated with a fire
- Explosive – Substance that can explode
- Fire – Rapid and hot oxidation of a material
File:Montana 16 bg 062406.jpg Fire - Fire whirl – Whirlwind induced by and often composed of fire
File:Fire-whirl.jpg Fire whirl - Fireworks – Low explosive pyrotechnic devices for entertainment
File:2013 Fireworks on Eiffel Tower 49.jpg Fireworks - Flamethrower – Ranged incendiary device designed to project a controllable stream of fire
- Incandescent light bulb – Electric light bulb with a resistively heated wire filament
- Muzzle flash – Light created by gunfire
- Rubens tube – Physics apparatus for demonstrating acoustic standing waves in a tube
- Torch – Stick with a flaming end used as a source of light
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Nuclear and high-energy particle
- Annihilation – Collision of a particle and its antiparticle
- Nuclear reaction – Transformation of a nuclide to another
- Nuclear fission – Nuclear reaction splitting an atom into multiple parts
- Nuclear fusion – Process of combining atomic nuclei
- Nuclear weapon – Explosive weapon that utilizes nuclear reactions
- Cherenkov radiation – Electromagnetic radiation from a charged particle in a medium
- Synchrotron radiation – Electromagnetic radiation
- Free-electron laser – Laser using electron beam in vacuum as gain medium
- Bremsstrahlung – Electromagnetic radiation due to deceleration of charged particles
Celestial and atmospheric
- Astronomical objects
- Sun (sunlight, solar radiation)
- Stellar corona – Outermost layer of a star's atmosphere
- Photosphere – Star's outer shell from which light is radiated
- Star (Starlight)
- Deep-sky object – Any astronomical object that is not an individual star
- Quasar – Active galactic nucleus containing a supermassive black hole
- Accretion disk – Structure formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around a massive central body
- Blazar – Very compact quasi-stellar radio source
- Magnetar – Type of neutron star with a strong magnetic field
- Pulsar – Rapidly rotating neutron star
- Sun (sunlight, solar radiation)
- Atmospheric entry – Passage of an object through the gases of an atmosphere from outer space
- Meteor
File:Bolide.jpg Meteor - Meteor shower – Celestial event caused by streams of meteoroids entering Earth's atmosphere
- Bolide – Extremely bright meteor
- Earth-grazing fireball – Meteoroid that enters Earth's atmosphere and leaves again
- Meteor
- Lightning (Plasma)
- Sprite (lightning) – Electrical discharges above thunderstorm clouds
- Ball lightning – Atmospheric electrical phenomenon
- Upper-atmospheric lightning – Rare transient luminous events that occur over tops of thunder storms
- Dry lightning – Thunderstorm where little to no precipitation reaches the ground
- Aurora – Atmospheric effect caused by the solar wind
Luminescence
Luminescence is emission of light by a substance not resulting from heat.
Bioluminescence
Bioluminescence is light resulting from biochemical reaction by a living organism.
- Aequorea victoria – Species of hydrozoan
- Antarctic krill – Species of krill
- Biophoton – Photon from a biological source
- Cavitation bubbles made by mantis shrimps[citation needed]
- Firefly – Family of beetles
- Foxfire – Fungal bioluminescence
- Glowworm – Bioluminescent insect larva
- Luciferase – Enzyme family
- Panellus stipticus – Species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae found in Asia, Australia, Europe, and North America
File:PanellusStipticusAug12 2009.jpg Bioluminescent panellus stipticus - Parchment worm – Genus of annelid worms
- Piddock – Family of bivalves
- Anglerfish – Bony fish of the teleost order Lophiiformes
Cathodoluminescence
Cathodoluminescence is light resulting from a luminescent material being struck by electrons.
Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence is light resulting from a chemical reaction.
Cryoluminescence
Cryoluminescence is the emission of light when an object is cooled.
Crystalloluminescence
Crystalloluminescence is light produced during crystallization.
Electric discharge (electrical energy)
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- Lightning – Weather phenomenon involving electrostatic discharge
- Electric spark – Abrupt electrical discharge through an ionised channel
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- Electrodeless lamp – Gas-discharge lamp using electric and magnetic fields to transfer energy to the gas inside
- Excimer lamp – Ultraviolet source based on spontaneous emission of excimer molecules.
- Fluorescent lamp – Lamp using fluorescence to produce light
- Compact fluorescent lamp – Fluorescent lamps with folded tubes, often with built-in ballast
- Tanning lamp – Device which produces ultraviolet light used for indoor tanning
- Blacklight – Light fixture that emits long-wave ultraviolet light and very little visible light
- Geissler tube – Early gas-discharge lamp
- Moore tube – American electrical engineer and inventor (Obsolete)
- Ruhmkorff lamp – Artificial light sources powered by ionized gas electric discharge (Obsolete)
- High-intensity discharge lamp – Type of electric lamp/bulb
File:Sodiumlamp.jpg High-intensity discharge lamp - Carbon arc lamp – Lamp that produces light by an electric arc
- Ceramic metal-halide lamp
- Hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide lamp
- Mercury-vapor lamp – Light source using an electric arc through mercury vapor
- Metal-halide lamp – Type of lamp
- Sodium-vapor lamp – Type of electric gas-discharge lamp
- Sulfur lamp – Lighting system
- Xenon arc lamp – Gas discharge lamp that produces intense white light
- Hollow-cathode lamp
- Induction lighting – Gas-discharge lamp using electric and magnetic fields to transfer energy to the gas inside
- Sulfur lamp – Lighting system
File:Air & Space sulfur lamps.JPG Sulfur lamps
- Sulfur lamp – Lighting system
- Neon and argon lamps – Light source based on gas discharge
- Dekatron – Early and obsolete type of computer memory
File:Dekatron.gif Dekatron - Nixie tube – Electronic numeric display device
- Dekatron – Early and obsolete type of computer memory
- Plasma lamp – Type of electrodeless gas-discharge lamp
- Xenon flash lamp – Incoherent light source
Electrochemiluminescence
Electrochemiluminescence is light resulting from an electrochemical reaction.
Electroluminescence
Electroluminescence is light resulting from an electric current being passed through a substance.
- Light-emitting diode – Semiconductor and solid-state light source
- Organic light-emitting diode – Diode that emits light from an organic compound
- Polymer light-emitting diode – Diode that emits light from an organic compound
- AMOLED, Active matrix OLED - typical OLED addressing scheme for color OLED displays. (Display content) Has to be periodically refreshed to maintain picture, as opposed to for example Electronic paper – Display technology for use in mobile devices and televisions
- Light-emitting electrochemical cell
- Electroluminescent wire – Capacitive light source in the form of a wire
- Field-induced polymer electroluminescent – Electroluminescent light source
- Laser – Device which emits light via optical amplification
File:LASER.jpg Lasers - Chemical laser – Laser that obtains energy from chemical reactions
- Dye laser – Equipment using an organic dye to emit coherent light
- Free-electron laser – Laser using electron beam in vacuum as gain medium
- Gas dynamic laser – Laser based on differences in relaxation velocities of molecular vibrational states
- Gas laser – Laser in which electricity is discharged through gas
- Ion laser – Type of gas laser
- Laser diode – Semiconductor laser
- Laser excited phosphor – Devices and processes that produce light Long distance beam light
- Metal-vapor laser
- Nonlinear optics – Branch of physics
- Quantum well laser – Laser diode in which the active region is so narrow that quantum confinement occurs
- Quantum dot laser – Semiconductor laser that uses quantum dots as the active laser medium
- Ruby laser – Solid-state laser
- Solid-state laser – Laser which uses a solid gain medium
Mechanoluminescence
Mechanoluminescence is light resulting from a mechanical action on a solid.
- Triboluminescence, light generated when bonds in a material are broken when that material is scratched, crushed, or rubbed
- Fractoluminescence, light generated when bonds in certain crystals are broken by fractures
- Piezoluminescence, light produced by the action of pressure on certain solids
- Sonoluminescence, light resulting from imploding bubbles in a liquid when excited by sound
Photoluminescence
Photoluminescence is light resulting from absorption of photons.
- Fluorescence, the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation
- Phosphorescence, the delayed re-emission of light by substance that has absorbed it
Radioluminescence
Radioluminescence is light resulting from bombardment by ionizing radiation.
Thermoluminescence
Thermoluminescence is light from the re-emission of absorbed energy when a substance is heated.
See also
References
External links
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. (June 2016) |
- A CD spectrometer Color spectrographs of common light sources