Foreign relations of Uzbekistan
| File:Emblem of Uzbekistan.svg |
|---|
|
Commonwealth of Independent States CIS Member State |
| Government |
| flag Uzbekistan portal |
Uzbekistan joined the Commonwealth of Independent States in December 1991. However, it is opposed to reintegration and withdrew from the CIS collective security arrangement in 1999. Since that time, Uzbekistan has participated in the CIS peacekeeping force in Tajikistan and in United Nations-organized groups to help solve the Tajik and Afghan conflicts, both of which it sees as posing threats to its own stability. Uzbekistan is an active supporter of U.S. efforts against worldwide terrorism and joined the coalitions which have dealt with both Afghanistan and Iraq (although, in 2005, relations with the U.S. were strained after the May 2005 unrest and Uzbekistan demanded that the U.S. leave Karshi-Khanabad). It is a member of the United Nations, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, Partnership for Peace, and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). It belongs to the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the Economic Cooperation Organization, which comprises 7 Central Asian countries: Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. It is a founding member of and remains involved in the Central Asian Union, formed with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, joined in March 1998 by Tajikistan.
In 1999, Uzbekistan joined the GUAM alliance (Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Moldova), which was formed in 1997 (temporarily making it GUUAM until Uzbekistan withdrew in 2005). Uzbekistan is also a member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) and hosts the SCO's Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) in Tashkent. Uzbekistan is also candidate state of the new Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). It is a founding member of and remains involved in the Central Asian Union, formed with Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, joined in March 1998 by Tajikistan.
Finland
In 2006, Antti Turunen, head of the Finnish Foreign Ministry's Eastern European and Central Asian department, led a European Union fact-finding mission to Tashkent, Uzbekistan. The Uzbek deputy foreign minister had indicated that the Uzbek government was interested in talks with the EU during a visit to Helsinki, Finland in June 2006, just before Finland assumed the EU presidency. Radio Free Europe journalists spoke to Turunen on September 1. Turunen's visit to Uzbekistan was the first EU visit since October, when sanctions were imposed after the Uzbek government refused to allow an international investigation into the Andijan massacre.[1]
Turunen said that the visit went smoothly and that Uzbek Foreign Minister Vladimir Norov offered a warm reception. The EU delegation met with officials from the Justice Ministry, the Attorney General's office, and Uzbek parliament members. He stressed that the real issue for the EU was the Uzbek government's response to the Andijan massacre and human rights abuses.[1] He said Russia-Uzbek relations and possible EU development of Uzbek energy reserves were not directly discussed but that EU investment might be possible in this area.[1]
Persian Gulf states
On 31 March 2009, Uzbekistan and the Sultanate of Oman agreed upon a legal framework to protect Omani investments in central Asia and guarantee trade from both nations was free from double taxation. The Sultanate's government had been pursuing economic diversification and privatisation policies for nearly a decade after signeding similar agreements with thirty other trading partners.[2]
Netherlands
In July 2024, the ambassador of Uzbekistan met Director of the Europe Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, Erik Weststrate, to discuss bilateral and multilateral cooperation. [3]
Diplomatic relations
List of countries which Uzbekistan maintains diplomatic relations with:
.svg){kind=link}
.svg){kind=link}
.svg){kind=link}
.svg){kind=link}
.svg){kind=link}
.svg){kind=link}
Relations by country
| Country | Formal relations began | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of the Taliban.svg Afghanistan | ||
| File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania | 1993 |
Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 November 1993.[6] |
| File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia | 1995 |
|
| File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan | 1995 | |
| File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus | 1992 |
|
| File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria | 1992-09-12 | See Bulgaria–Uzbekistan relations |
| File:Flag of Burkina Faso.svg Burkina Faso | 1992 |
Burkina Faso recognized the independence of Uzbekistan on January 25, 1992.[13] |
| File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China | 3 January 1992[14] | See China–Uzbekistan relations |
| File:Flag of the Comoros.svg Comoros | 2005 |
|
| File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba | 2006 |
|
| File:Flag of Djibouti.svg Djibouti | 1992 |
Djibouti recognized the independence of Uzbekistan on January 6, 1992. However both countries have not yet established diplomatic relations.[15] |
| File:Flag of France.svg France |
| |
| File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany | 1992 | See Germany–Uzbekistan relations |
| File:Flag of India.svg India | 18 March 1992 | See India–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia | 23 June 1992 | See Indonesia–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Iran.svg Iran | 1991 | See Iran–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan | 26 January 1992[22] |
|
| File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan | See Kazakhstan–Uzbekistan relations | |
| File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan.svg Kyrgyzstan | See Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan relations
| |
| File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | 1992[24] | See Malaysia–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico | 14 January 1992 |
|
| File:Flag of Mauritania.svg Mauritania | 2 July 2008 |
|
| File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan | See Pakistan–Uzbekistan relations
| |
| File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | 1992-03-19 | See Poland–Uzbekistan relations |
| File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania | 1995-10-06 | See Romania–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | 1992 |
|
| File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | 29 January 1992[30] | See South Korea–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain | See Spain–Uzbekistan relations | |
| File:Flag of Tajikistan.svg Tajikistan |
| |
| File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey | March 4, 1992[32] | See Turkey–Uzbekistan relations
|
| File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan |
| |
| File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine | 1992 | Inter-parliamentary cooperation with the Republic of Uzbekistan is currently in the making. The deputy group of friendship with the Republic of Uzbekistan was established in the Verkhovna Rada. Uzbekistan has clearly expressed its position on the events in Ukraine: the rejection of force options and the use of political efforts to resolve the problems that have arisen, through negotiations, based on the fundamental norms of international law and the UN Charter.
The development of cultural and humanitarian cooperation remains one of the important areas of bilateral relations between Ukraine and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The legal framework in this sphere consists of ten bilateral agreements, the most important of which is the "Agreement between Ukraine and the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of culture." Cooperation between Ukraine and the Republic of Uzbekistan in the field of science and education is carried out taking into account the ancient traditions of interaction between scientific and educational institutions, the presence of a large Ukrainian diaspora and the established legal framework. |
| File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | 1992 | See United Kingdom–Uzbekistan relations
Uzbekistan established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 18 February 1992.
Both countries share common membership of the OSCE. Bilaterally the two countries have a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement.[37] |
| File:Flag of the United States.svg United States | 1992 | See United States–Uzbekistan relations
|
See also
- List of diplomatic missions in Uzbekistan
- List of diplomatic missions of Uzbekistan
- Politics of Uzbekistan
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Uzbekistan: EU Officials Hold Talks In Tashkent". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Archived from the original on 2021-07-13. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
- ↑ Unattributed (2009-04-01). "Oman, Uzbekistan sign agreements on double taxation, investment protection". Oman Daily Observer. p. 3. Archived from the original on 2009-04-27. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
- ↑ Uzbekistan and the Netherlands discuss cooperation in political, economic and cultural areas
- ↑ "States with which the Republic of Uzbekistan Estblished Diplomatic Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Archived from the original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
- ↑ "Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in български). Archived from the original on 2022-07-04. Retrieved 2022-06-28.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS". Archived from the original on 25 April 2019. Retrieved 30 January 2010.
- ↑ "Uzbekistan - Bilateral Relations - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia". Archived from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
- ↑ "Uzbekistan - by country - Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia". Archived from the original on 2017-02-02. Retrieved 2017-01-30.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "Uzbekistan". mfa.gov.az. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-17.
- ↑ "belembassy.org". Archived from the original on 30 May 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
- ↑ "Bulgarian embassy in Tashkent". Archived from the original on 2011-05-24. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ↑ "Uzbek Ministry of Foreign Affairs". Archived from the original on 2009-04-22. Retrieved 2009-05-05.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan — States with which the Republic of Uzbekistan established diplomatic relations". Archived from the original on 2017-12-11. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
- ↑ "中国与乌兹别克斯坦共和国的关系". Embassy of China in Tashkent. 2004-06-11. Archived from the original on 2015-05-02. Retrieved 2015-08-05.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan — States with which the Republic of Uzbekistan established diplomatic relations". Archived from the original on 2018-03-12. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
- ↑ "Страны, с которыми Узбекистан установил дипломатические отношения". mfa.uz. Archived from the original on 2019-04-18. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
- ↑ Riccardo Mario Cucciolla, Sharaf Rashidov and the international dimensions of Soviet Uzbekistan, Central Asian Survey, 39, 2, 2020, pp. 185-201 (https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02634937.2019.1708269)
- ↑ "Decreta el Consejo de Estado de Cuba duelo oficial por fallecimiento de Presidente uzbeko" (in español). www.cubadebate.cu. 4 September 2016. Archived from the original on 2017-08-23. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
- ↑ "Куба объявила траур по случаю кончины президента Узбекистана". tass.ru. Archived from the original on 2016-11-13. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
- ↑ "Куба объявила траур по случаю кончины Ислама Каримова". mir24.tv. Archived from the original on 2021-07-13. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
- ↑ "Uzbekistan - The Middle East and Pakistan". countrystudies.us. Archived from the original on 2016-11-03. Retrieved 2009-05-24.
- ↑ "Japan-Papua New Guinea Relations (Basic Data)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Archived from the original on 2021-07-13. Retrieved 2021-07-13.
- ↑ Martha Brill Olcott. "Central Asian Neighbors". Kyrgyzstan: a country study Archived 2012-12-13 at archive.today (Glenn E. Curtis, editor). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (March 1996). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑ "Interview of Ambassador of Malaysia to Uzbekistan". The Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Archived from the original on 6 January 2014. Retrieved 6 January 2014.
- ↑ "Inicio". embamex.sre.gob.mx. Archived from the original on 2021-12-05. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
- ↑ "Home". April 9, 2014. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09.
- ↑ 27.0 27.1 "BBC NEWS - Asia-Pacific - Musharraf signs Uzbek agreements". 6 March 2005. Archived from the original on 11 September 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2015.
- ↑ "Konsulat Republiki Uzbekistanu". Poznan.pl (in polski). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
- ↑ "Romanian foreign minister to attend EU-Central Asia security forum in Paris". BBC Monitoring Service. September 18, 2008.
- ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea". www.mofa.go.kr. Archived from the original on 24 December 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
- ↑ Stern, David L. (September 1, 2008). "Tajikistan Hopes Water Will Power Its Ambitions". New York Times. Archived from the original on 2022-02-14. Retrieved 2008-09-01.
- ↑ "Relations between Turkey and Uzbekistan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ↑ "Samarkand Consulate General of Turkey was opened with ceremon".[permanent dead link]
- ↑ "Economic Relations between Turkey and Uzbekistan". Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 18 October 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ↑ "About the Embassy". Embassy of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Archived from the original on 30 March 2024. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
- ↑ "British Embassy Tashkent". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 23 February 2024.
- ↑ Pincher, Christopher (31 October 2019). "UK and Uzbekistan sign partnership and co-operation agreement". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 31 October 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
