List of presidents of the Senate of France
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| President of the French Senate | |
|---|---|
| Président du Sénat français (French) | |
| File:French Senate Logo.svg Logo of the French Senate | |
since 1 October 2014 | |
| Senate of France | |
| Type | Presiding officer |
| Member of | French Parliament |
| Residence | Petit Luxembourg |
| Term length | 3 years, renewable |
| Formation | 28 October 1795 |
| First holder | Claude-Antoine Rudel |
| Succession | 1st |
| Website | Official website |
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This article lists the presidents of the Senate of France (French: Président du Sénat français; official translation: Speaker of the Senate)[1] and assimilated chambers. The Senate is the upper house of the French Parliament. It is presided over by a president. Although there had been Senates in both the First and Second Empires, these had not technically been legislative bodies, but rather advisory bodies on the model of the Roman Senate. France's first experience with an upper house was under the Directory from 1795 to 1799, when the Council of Ancients was the upper chamber. With the Restoration in 1814, a new Chamber of Peers was created, on the model of the British House of Lords. At first it contained hereditary peers, but following the July Revolution of 1830, it became a body to which one was appointed for life. The Second Republic returned to a unicameral system after 1848, but soon after the establishment of the Second Empire in 1852, a Senate was established as the upper chamber. In the Fourth Republic, the Senate was renamed the Council of the Republic, but its function was largely the same. With the new constitution of the Fifth Republic in 1959, the older name of Senate was restored.
Acting President of the French Republic
The president of the Senate, in addition to his duties as presiding officer of the upper house of parliament, is also, according to the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, first in line of succession in case of death, resignation, or removal by impeachment of the president, thus becoming Acting President of the Republic until a new election can be held.[2] This has already occurred twice. Alain Poher, the president of the French Senate, served as Acting President of France from 28 April until 20 June 1969 (between the resignation of President Charles de Gaulle and the installation of his elected successor President Georges Pompidou) and again from 3 April until 27 May 1974 (between the death of President Georges Pompidou and the installation of his elected successor President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing).
List of officeholders
Under the Directory (1795–1799)
Presidents of the Council of Ancients:
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Under the Consulate (1799–1804)
Presidents of the Sénat conservateur:
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Jacques-Louis David - Portrait of Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès - WGA06098.jpg | Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès | 27 December 1799 | 13 February 1800 |
| File:Francois Barthelemy.gif | François Barthélemy | 13 February 1800 | 27 February 1801 |
| File:AduC 105 Tronchet (F.D., 1726-1806).JPG | François Denis Tronchet | 27 February 1801 | 2 August 1801 |
| File:François Christophe Kellermann 2.png | François Christophe Kellermann | 2 August 1801 | 18 January 1802 |
| File:Louis-Nicolas Lemercier (1755-1849).jpg | Louis-Nicolas Lemercier | 18 January 1802 | 4 August 1802 |
Under the First Empire (1804–1814)
Presidents of the Sénat conservateur:
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Neufchateau, François de.jpg | François de Neufchâteau | 19 May 1804 | 19 May 1806 |
| File:Gaspard monge litho delpech.jpg | Gaspard Monge | 19 May 1806 | 1 July 1807 |
| File:B G de Lacépède.jpg | Bernard Germain de Lacépède | 1 July 1807 | 1 July 1808 |
| File:Médaille en vermeil Sénat conservateur (Constitution de l'an VIII) sans txt.svg | Jean-Denis-René de Saint-Vallier | 1 July 1808 | 1 July 1809 |
| File:Médaille en vermeil Sénat conservateur (Constitution de l'an VIII) sans txt.svg | Germain Garnier | 1 July 1809 | 1 July 1811 |
| File:B G de Lacépède.jpg | Bernard Germain de Lacépède | 1 July 1811 | 1 July 1813 |
| File:Francois Barthelemy.gif | François Barthélemy | 1 July 1813 | 1 July 1814 |
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Under the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830)
Presidents of the Chamber of Peers:
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Dambray.jpg | Charles-Henri, chevalier Dambray | 4 June 1814 | 20 March 1815 |
| File:Maurin - Cambaceres.png | Jean Jacques Régis de Cambacérès | 2 June 1815 | 7 July 1815 |
| File:Dambray.jpg | Charles-Henri, chevalier Dambray | 12 October 1815 | 12 December 1829 |
| File:Hippolyte Delaroche - Marquis de Pastoret - Google Art Project.jpg | Claude-Emmanuel, marquis de Pastoret | 17 December 1829 | 3 August 1830 |
Under the July Monarchy (1830–1848)
Presidents of the Chamber of Peers:
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|
| File:Étienne-Denis Pasquier.jpg | Étienne-Denis Pasquier | 3 August 1830 | 24 February 1848 |
Under the Second Empire (1852–1870)
Presidents of the Senate:
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Political party |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Jérôme Bonaparte.png | Jérôme Bonaparte | 28 January 1852 | 30 November 1852 | Bonapartist |
| File:Troplong par Petit.jpg | Raymond-Theodore Troplong | 30 December 1852 | 1 March 1869 | Bonapartist |
| File:Adrien Marie Devienne (1858-1869).jpg | Adrien Marie Devienne | 3 March 1869 | 20 July 1869 | Bonapartist |
| File:Eugène Rouher painted by Alexandre Cabanel, ca. 1861.jpg | Eugène Rouher | 20 July 1869 | 4 September 1870 | Bonapartist |
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Under the Third Republic (1870–1940)
Presidents of the Senate:
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Under the Fourth Republic (1946–1958)
Presidents of the Council of the Republic:
Political party
MRP
Radical
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Political party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Auguste Champetier de Ribes.png | Auguste Champetier de Ribes | 27 December 1946 | 6 March 1947 | MRP | |
| File:Gaston Monnerville.jpg | Gaston Monnerville | 18 March 1947 | 2 October 1958 | Radical | |
Under the Fifth Republic (1958–present)
Presidents of the Senate:
Political party
Radical
CD; CDS; FD
RPR; UMP; LR
PS
| Portrait | Name | Took office | Left office | Political party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Gaston Monnerville.jpg | Gaston Monnerville | 9 December 1958 | 2 October 1968 | Radical | |
| File:Poher 1980s (cropped).jpg | Alain Poher | 3 October 1968 | 1 October 1992 | CD (until 1976) CDS (from 1976; within the UDF from 1978) | |
| File:René Monory (cropped).jpg | René Monory | 2 October 1992 | 1 October 1998 | CDS (until 1995) FD (from 1995; within the UDF) | |
| File:Christian Poncelet par Claude Truong-Ngoc octobre 2013.jpg | Christian Poncelet | 2 October 1998 | 30 September 2008 | RPR (until 2002) UMP (from 2002) | |
| File:Portrait G. Larcher 2014 (cropped).jpg | Gérard Larcher | 1 October 2008 | 30 September 2011 | UMP | |
| File:Jean-Pierre Bel (cropped).jpg | Jean-Pierre Bel | 1 October 2011 | 30 September 2014 | PS | |
| File:Portrait G. Larcher 2014 (cropped).jpg | Gérard Larcher | 1 October 2014 | Incumbent | UMP (until 2015) LR (since 2015) | |
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See also
- Senate (France)
- Council of Ancients (France)
- Council of the Republic (France)
- Chamber of Peers (France)
References
- ↑ "The Speaker of the Senate". senat.fr. Senate (France). Retrieved 15 July 2022.
- ↑ The exact title is "President of the Senate, exercising provisionally the functions of the President of the Republic"; see how Alain Poher is referred to on signing statutes into law, e.g. law 69-412 Archived 28 July 2020 at the Wayback Machine