List of consorts of Brunswick-Lüneburg
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Countess of Brunswick
- Lüneburg became a part of the County after Emperor Lothair, who inherited it from the Billungs.
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Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Main line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Mechtilda.jpg | Matilda of Brandenburg | Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg (Ascania) |
1210 | end of 1228 | August 1235 Duchy's creation |
9 June 1252 husband's death |
10 June 1261 | Otto I |
| File:Arms of Belgium.svg | Elisabeth of Brabant | Henry II, Duke of Brabant (Leuven) |
1243 | 13 July 1254 | 17 April/9 October 1261 | Albert I | ||
| File:Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Thessalonica.svg | Alessia of Montferrat | Boniface II, Marquess of Montferrat (Aleramici) |
1240 | 1 November 1266 | 1269 Duchy's partitioned, husband received Wolfenbüttel |
6 February 1285 | ||
| File:Blason Comté puis Duché de Holstein.svg | Liutgatd of Holstein | Gerhard I, Count of Holstein-Itzehoe (Schauenburg) |
1251 | 1265, after 15 July | 1269 Duchy's partitioned, husband received Lüneburg |
after 28 February 1289 | John I | |
| Albert (Wolfenbüttel line) ruled the duchy jointly with his younger brother John (Lüneburg-Celle line). As the brothers could not agree on how to govern the duchy, in 1267 they decided to divide their possession, which happened in 1269. Albert partitioned the territory while John obtained the right to choose his part. He took the northern half including the cities of Lüneburg and Hanover while Albert received the southern part, including Calenberg, Helmstedt, the Harz mountain range and Göttingen. The City of Brunswick was to remain common property of the brothers. | ||||||||
Wolfenbüttel line
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Grubenhagen line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agnes of Meissen | Albert II, Margrave of Meissen (Aleramici) |
before 1264 | 1282, before 21 July | 1291 Duchy's partitioned, husband received Grubenhagen |
7 September 1322 husband's death |
1 February/September 1332 | Henry I | |
| Jutta of Brandenburg | Henry I, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal (Ascania) |
1299–1306 | before 16 April 1318 | 7 September 1322 husband's accession |
15 July 1325/early February 1327 | Henry II | ||
| Heloise d'Ibelin | Philip d'Ibelin, Seneschal of Jerusalem. (Ascania) |
1307 | 23 August 1330 | after 25 May 1347 | ||||
| Adelheid of Everstein | Henry II, Count of Everstein | - | 10 May 1335 or 9 June 1336 |
9/11 March 1361 husband's death |
after 29 September 1373 | Ernest I | ||
| Agnes of Brunswick-Lüneburg | Magnus II, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Ascania) |
- | before 17 August 1372 | 11 August/22 September 1383 husband's death |
21 March 1410 | Albert I (Salzderhelden) | ||
| Elisabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen | Otto I, Duke of Brunswick-Göttingen (Guelph) |
c. 1390 | 14 July 1405 | 28 May 1427 husband's death |
after 29 September 1444 | Eric I (Salzderhelden) | ||
| Adelaide of Anhalt-Köthen | John of Anhalt-Köthen (Ascania) |
- | - | 1402 | before 1421 | Frederick I (Osterode) | ||
| Margaret of Sagen | John I of Sagan (Piast) |
c. 1415 | 27 June 1457 | 1464 husband's death |
after 9 May 1491 | Henry III (Salzderhelden) | ||
| Schonetta of Nassau-Weilburg | John I of Nassau-Weilburg (Nassau) |
- | 1414 | 25 April 1436 | Otto II (Osterode) | |||
| Elisabeth of Waldeck | Wolrad I of Waldeck (Waldeck) |
c. 1455 | 15 October 1471 | 15 August 1485 husband's death |
15 March 1513 | Albert II (Osterode) | ||
| Catherine of Mansfeld-Vorderort | Ernest II of Mansfeld-Vorderort (Mansfeld) |
1 October 1501 | 1517 | 1535 | Philip I (Salzderhelden) | |||
| Margaret of Pomerania-Wolgast | George I of Pomerania (Griffins) |
May 1518 | 9 October 1547 | 4 September 1551 | 2 April 1567 husband's death |
24 June 1569 | Ernest III (Salzderhelden) | |
| Dorothea of Saxe-Lauenburg | Francis I of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ascania) |
1 March 1543 | 10 December 1570 | 5 April 1586 | Wolfgang (Salzderhelden) | |||
| Clara of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel | Henry II of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Guelph) |
16 November 1532 | 1 July 1560 | 14 May 1595 | 23 November 1595 | Philip II (Herzberg) | ||
| Annexed by Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel in 1596. Ceded to Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1617. | ||||||||
Göttingen line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rixa of Mecklenburg-Werle | Henry I, Prince of Mecklenburg-Werle (Mecklenburg-Werle) |
- | 10 January 1284 | 1291 Duchy's partitioned, husband received Göttingen |
30 September 1292 husband's takes over Wolfenbüttel |
after 2 October 1312 | Albert II | |
| Merged into Wolfenbüttel | ||||||||
| File:Arms of the house of Hesse (1200-1450).svg | Elisabeth of Hesse | Henry II, Landgrave of Hesse (Hesse) |
1329 | before 2 March 1340 | 17 April 1345 Duchy's partitioned, husband received Göttingen |
24 April 1367 husband's death |
7 March 1390 | Ernest I |
| File:Wappen Juelich Herzogtum.svg | Margarete of Jülich | William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg (Jülich) |
c. 1364 | 1379 | 13 December 1394 husband's death |
18 July 1442 | Otto I | |
| File:Arms of the house of Hesse (1200-1450).svg | Agnes of Hesse | Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse (Hesse) |
1391 | c. 1408 | 1463 husband's death |
1471 | Otto II | |
| Elisabeth of Stolberg | OttoBodo VII, Count of Stolberg-Wernigerode | 1438 | 26 November 1444 | 1491 husband relinquish Wolfenbüttel and Calenberg to sons, retaining Göttingen |
1495 or 7 July 1503 husband death |
7 September 1520 | William IV | |
| Combined with Calenberg to form Calenberg-Göttingen line | ||||||||
Calenberg line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png | Cecilia of Brandenburg | Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg (Hohenzollern) |
1405 | 30 May 1423 | 1432 husband's desposition in Wolfenbüttel |
4 January 1449 | William III | |
| File:Blason Comté puis Duché de Holstein.svg | Matilda of Holstein-Schauenburg | Otto II, Count of Schauenburg-Pinneberg (Schauenburg) |
- | 1466 | 22 July 1468 | |||
| Merged into Wolfenbüttel | ||||||||
| File:1468 Katharina.jpg | Catherine of Saxony | Albert III, Duke of Saxony (Wettin) |
24 July 1468 | 29 June 1497 | 1495 or 7 July 1503 husband inherited Göttingen |
10 February 1524 | Eric I | |
| Combined with Göttingen to form Calenberg-Göttingen line | ||||||||
Calenberg-Göttingen line
Bevern line
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Lüneburg-Celle line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Blason Comté puis Duché de Holstein.svg | Liutgard of Holstein | Gerhard I, Count of Holstein-Itzehoe (Schauenburg) |
1251 | 1265, after 15 July | 1269 Duchy's partitioned, husband received Lüneburg |
13 December 1277 husband's death |
after 28 February 1289 | John I |
| File:Arms of the County of Oldenburg.svg | ? of Oldenburg | Otto II of Oldenburg, Count of Delmenhorst (Oldenburg-Delmenhorst) |
- | - | 13 December 1277 husband's accession |
before 1287 | Otto II | |
| File:Bavaria Arms.svg | Matilde of Bavaria | Louis II, Duke of Bavaria (Wittelsbach) |
1275 | 24 April-7 August 1288 | 28 March 1319 | |||
| Matilda of Mecklenburg | Henry II, Lord of Mecklenburg (Mecklenburg) |
1293 | 22 March 1310 | 10 April 1330 husband's accession |
19 August 1352 husband's death |
3 June, after 1358 | Otto III | |
| Hedwig of Ravensberg | Otto IV, Count of Ravensberg |
- | before 7 April 1328 | 10 April 1330 husband's accession |
5 December 1336 | William II | ||
| Marie | - | - | after 1336 | before 2 February 1341 | ||||
| File:Arms of the house of Anhalt (15th century).svg | Sophia of Anhalt-Bernburg | Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (Ascania) |
- | 12 March 1346 | 18 December 1362 | |||
| File:Armoiries Saxe2.svg | Agnes of Saxe-Lauenburg | Eric II, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ascania) |
1353 | 24 June 1363 | 23 November 1369 husband's death |
after 7 January 1387 | ||
| After William II's death in 1369 without a male heir, according to rules of the House of Welf Lüneburg passed to his cousin, Magnus II, in Wolfenbüttel. But Emperor Charles IV considered that the imperial fiefdom (Reichslehen) fell to the Empire and enfeoffed Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg and his uncle Wenceslas with the principality, thus precipitating the Lüneburg War of Succession. | ||||||||
| File:Arms of the house of Anhalt (15th century).svg | Catherine of Anhalt | Bernhard III, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg (Ascania) |
1330 | before 6 October 1356 | 15 June/15 August 1369 husband's accession |
26 July 1373 husband's death |
30 January 1390 | Magnus II |
| 11 May 1374 | 28 July 1385 husband's death |
Albert of Saxe-Wittenberg | ||||||
| Cecilia of Carrara | Francis of Carrara, Count of Padua | - | before 11 May 1371 or 23 January 1376 |
15 May 1388 husband's death |
1427/1435 | Wenceslas of Saxe-Wittenberg | ||
| After Wenceslas's death in 1388, Lüneburg was inherited by the two brothers: Bernard I and Henry II, who would become joint rulers of Wolfenbüttel in 1400. The two brothers agreed in 1409 that they would divide the Duchies with Henry receiving Lüneburg and Bernard receiving Wolfenbüttel. | ||||||||
| File:Armoiries Saxe2.svg | Margaret of Saxe-Wittenberg | Wenceslas I, Duke of Saxe-Wittenberg (Ascania) |
- | 12 July 1385 | 15 May 1388 husband's accession |
1409 husband relinquish claim Wolfenbüttel for Wolfenbüttel |
12 June 1418 | Bernard I |
| File:POL województwo zachodniopomorskie COA.svg | Sophie of Pomerania | Wartislaw VI, Duke of Pomerania (Griffins) |
- | 11 November 1388 | 28 June 1406 | Henry II | ||
| File:Arms of the house of Hesse (1200-1450).svg | Margaret of Hesse | Hermann II, Landgrave of Hesse (Hesse) |
1389 | 30 January 1409 | 3 December 1416 husband death |
1446 | ||
| File:Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png | Cecilia of Brandenburg | Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg (Hohenzollern) |
1405 | 30 May 1423 | 1428 husband relinquish claim Lüneburg for Wolfenbüttel |
4 January 1449 | William III | |
| In 1428, a second treaty between Bernard I and his nephews William III and Henry III. Bernard swapped Wolfenbüttel for Lüneburg. | ||||||||
| Elisabeth of Eberstein | Hermann V, Count of Eberstein | before 1415 | 1425 | 11 June 1434 husband's accession |
27 May/1 June 1445 husband's death |
10 February 1468 | Otto IV | |
| File:Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png | Magdalena of Brandenburg | Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg (Hohenzollern) |
1412 | 16 September 1430 | 11 June 1434 husband's accession |
27 October 1454 | Frederick II | |
| File:Blason Comté puis Duché de Holstein.svg | Matilda of Holstein-Schauenburg | Otto II, Count of Schauenburg-Pinneberg (Schauenburg) |
- | 1463 | 9 February 1464 husband's death |
22 July 1468 | Bernard II | |
| File:Anna von Nassau-Dillenburg - 1460s portrait.jpg | Anne of Nassau-Siegen | John IV, Count of Nassau-Siegen (Nassau) |
1441 | 25 September 1467 | 9 January 1471 husband's death |
8 April 1513 | Otto V | |
| File:MargareteSachsenLüneburg.JPG | Margaret of Saxony | Ernest, Elector of Saxony (Wettin) |
4 August 1469 | 27 February 1487 | 1520 husband's abdication |
7 December 1528 | Henry I | |
| After Henry I's abdication, the Duchy passed to his three sons: Otto VI, Ernest I, and Francis I. In 1527, Otto VI married morganically, abdicating in Lüneburg and was compensated with his own domain, the Barony of Harburg. In 1539, the two remaining brothers divided the Duchy. Francis received Gifhorn while Ernest I remain in Lüneburg. | ||||||||
| Sophie of Mecklenburg | Henry V, Duke of Mecklenburg (Mecklenburg) |
1508 | 1528 | 17 June 1541 | Ernest I | |||
| File:Wappen Mark Brandenburg.png | Elisabeth Magdalene of Brandenburg | Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg (Hohenzollern) |
6 November 1537 | 5 February 1559 | 29 April 1559 husband's death |
1 September 1595 | Francis Otto | |
| Translation Needed | Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg | Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ascania) |
1545 | 1569 | 1569 relinquish Lüneburg for Dannenberg |
22 October 1620 | Henry III | |
| File:Blason Danemark moderne.svg | Dorothea of Denmark | Christian III of Denmark (Oldenburg) |
29 June 1546 | 12 October 1561 | 20 August 1592 husband's death |
6 January 1617 | William VI | |
| File:Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.jpg | Sophia Dorothea of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg | Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg) |
28 September 1636 | 9 October 1653 | 15 March 1665 husband's death |
6 August 1689 | Christian Louis | |
| File:Eleonored'olbreuse.jpg | Éléonore Desmier d'Olbreuse | Alexandre Desmier, Seigneur d'Olbreuse | 3 January 1639 | 1676 | 28 August 1705 husband's death |
5 February 1722 | George William | |
| On 7 September 1708, Lüneburg-Celle and Calenberg-Göttingen were combined to form the Electorate of Hanover. See:List of Hanoverian consorts for further consorts. | ||||||||
Harburg line
- Harburg was a barony, not a duchy
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agnes of Meissen | Albert II, Margrave of Meissen (Aleramici) |
before 1264 | 1282, before 21 July | 1291 husband compensated with Harburg |
7 September 1322 husband's death |
1 February/September 1332 | Otto VI | |
| File:Mechtilda.jpg | Matilda of Brandenburg | Albert II, Margrave of Brandenburg (Wettin) |
1210 | 3 November 1849 | 3 March 1862 | Paul Frederick | ||
Gifhorn line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Clara Gifhorn.jpg | Clara of Saxe-Lauenburg | Magnus I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ascania) |
13 December 1518 | 29 September 1547 | 23 November 1549 husband's death |
27 March 1576 | Francis I | |
| In 1549, Francis I died leaving only daughters and therefore Gifhorn reverted to the Lüneburg-Celle line. | ||||||||
Dannenberg line
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Translation Needed | Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg | Francis I, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (Ascania) |
1545 | 1569 | 1569 Duchy partitioned, husband received Dannenberg |
19 January 1598 husband's death |
22 October 1620 | Henry III |
| File:Arms of the house of Cirksena (1).svg | Maria of Ostfriesland | Edzard II, Count of Ostfriesland (Cirksena) |
1 May 1582 | 25 April 1614 | 9 July 1616 | Julius Ernest | ||
| File:Coat of Arms of Brunswick-Lüneburg.svg | Sybille of Brunswick-Lüneburg | William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Welf) |
3 June 1584 | 23 November 1617 | 19 January 1598 husband's death |
5 August 1652 | ||
| File:Dorothea von Anhalt-Zerbst (1607-1634).jpg | Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst | Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (Ascania) |
25 September 1607 | 26 October 1623 | 11 August 1634 husband inherits Wolfenbüttel |
26 September 1634 | Augustus II | |
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Duchess of Brunswick
| Picture | Name | Father | Birth | Marriage | Became Duchess | Ceased to be Duchess | Death | Spouse |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ducal throne was vacant from 1884 to 1913. | ||||||||
| File:Victoria Luise Herzogin von Braunschweig-Lüneburg.jpg | Victoria Louise of Prussia | Wilhelm II, German Emperor (Hohenzollern) |
13 September 1892 | 24 May 1913 | 1 November 1913 husband's accession |
8 November 1918 husband's abdication |
11 December 1980 | Ernest Augustus |
