List of shoguns
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This article is a list of shoguns that ruled Japan intermittently, as hereditary military dictators,[1] from the beginning of the Asuka period in 709 until the end of the Tokugawa shogunate in 1868.[lower-alpha 1]
Asuka / Heian periods (709–1184)
Note: there are different shogun titles. For example, Kose no Maro had the title of Mutsu Chintō Shōgun (陸奥鎮東将軍, lit. "Great General of Subduing Mutsu"). Ki no Kosami had the title of Seitō Taishōgun (征東大将軍, lit. "Commander-in-chief for the pacification of the East") [5] in 789 which is less important than Sei-i Taishōgun. Ōtomo no Otomaro was the first person who was granted the title of Seii Taishōgun (征夷大将軍, lit. "Great appeasing general of the barbarians"). Sakanoue no Tamuramaro was the second, and Minamoto no Yoritomo was third person who had the title of Sei-i Taishōgun.
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Kose no Maro.jpg | Kose no Maro |
709 | |
| 2 | File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg | Tajihi no Agatamori |
720 | 721 |
| 3 | File:Sanjūrokkasen-gaku - 5 - Kanō Tan’yū - Chūnagon Yakamochi.jpg | Ōtomo no Yakamochi (c. 718–785) |
784 | 785 |
| 4 | File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg | Ki no Kosami |
788 | 789 |
| 5 | File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg | Ōtomo no Otomaro (731–809) |
793 | 794 |
| 6 | File:Sakanoue Tamuramaro sw.jpg | Sakanoue no Tamuramaro (758–811) |
797 | 808 |
| 7 | File:Fun'ya no Watamaro.jpg | Funya no Watamaro (765–823) |
811 | 816 |
| 8 | File:藤原忠文.jpg | Fujiwara no Tadabumi (873–947) |
940 | |
| 9 | File:Minamoto no Yoshinaka.jpg | Minamoto no Yoshinaka (1154–1184) |
1184 | |
Kamakura shogunate (1192–1333)
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Minamoto no Yoritomo.jpg | Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147–1199) |
1192 | 1199 |
| 2 | File:Minamoto no Yoriie.jpg | Minamoto no Yoriie (1182–1204) |
1202 | 1203 |
| 3 | File:Minamoto no Sanetomo.jpg | Minamoto no Sanetomo (1192–1219) |
1203 | 1219 |
| 4 | File:Kujō Yoritsune.jpg | Kujō Yoritsune (1218–1256) |
1226 | 1244 |
| 5 | File:Sasa Rindo.svg | Kujō Yoritsugu (1239–1256) |
1244 | 1252 |
| 6 | File:Sasa Rindo.svg | Prince Munetaka (1242–1274) |
1252 | 1266 |
| 7 | File:Sasa Rindo.svg | Prince Koreyasu (1264–1326) |
1266 | 1289 |
| 8 | File:Sasa Rindo.svg | Prince Hisaaki (1276–1328) |
1289 | 1308 |
| 9 | File:Sasa Rindo.svg | Prince Morikuni (1301–1333) |
1308 | 1333 |
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Kenmu Restoration (1333–1336)
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
Shogun from | Shogun until |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:護良親王.jpg | Prince Moriyoshi (1308–1335) |
1333 | |
| 2 | File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg | Prince Narinaga (1326 – c. 1337–44) |
1335 | 1336 |
Ashikaga shogunate (1336–1573)
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Azuchi–Momoyama period (1568–1600)
The following were military dictators of Japan, de facto shoguns[citation needed] from 1568 to 1598. They unified the country, which at the start were a chaotic patchwork of warring clans.
| No. | Portrait | Name (birth–death) |
de facto shogun from |
de facto shogun until |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Odanobunaga.jpg | Oda Nobunaga (1535–1582) |
1568 | de jure 1575 |
| de facto 1582 | ||||
| 2 | File:Oda Nobutada3 (cropped).jpg | Oda Nobutada (1557–1582) |
1575 | 1582 |
| 3 | File:Oda Hidenobu-2 (cropped).jpg | Oda Hidenobu (1580–1605) |
1582 | 1583 |
| 1 | File:Toyotomi Hideyoshi c1598 Kodai-ji Temple.png | Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1537–1598) |
1585 | de jure 1592 |
| de facto 1598 | ||||
| 2 | File:Toyotomi Hidetsugu.jpg | Toyotomi Hidetsugu (1568–1595) |
1592 | 1595 |
| 3 | File:Hideyori Toyotomi.jpg | Toyotomi Hideyori (1593–1615) |
1598 | de jure 1603 |
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From 1598 to 1600, the de facto shogunate was delegated to the Council of Five Elders.
Tokugawa shogunate (1600–1868)
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Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 The Tokugawa shogunate came to its official end on 9 November 1867, when Tokugawa Yoshinobu "put his prerogatives at the Emperor's disposal" and resigned 10 days later.[2] This was effectively the "restoration" (Taisei Hōkan) of imperial rule – although Yoshinobu still had significant influence and it was not until 3 January 1868, with the Emperor's edict, that the Meiji Restoration fully occurred.[3] On that day, the Emperor stripped Yoshinobu of all power and made a formal declaration of the restoration of his power.[4]
See also
References
- ↑ "Shogun". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 10 June 2022.
- ↑ "Meiji Restoration | Definition, History, & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2017-08-21.
- ↑ "One can date the 'restoration' of imperial rule from the edict of 3 January 1868." Jansen (2000), p. 334.
- ↑ Quoted and translated in A Diplomat In Japan, Sir Ernest Satow, p. 353, ISBN 978-1-933330-16-7
- ↑ Friday, 2007:108.
Bibliography
- Friday, Karl (2007). The First Samurai: The Life and Legend of the Warrior Rebel, Taira Masakado. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0-471-76082-X.
