Coordinates: 38°16′57″N 93°19′08″W / 38.28250°N 93.31889°W / 38.28250; -93.31889

Missouri's 4th congressional district

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Missouri's 4th congressional district
Map
Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023
Representative
Population (2023)788,949
Median household
income		$64,293[1]
Ethnicity
Cook PVIR+23[2]

Missouri's 4th congressional district comprises west-central Missouri. It stretches from the northern half of Columbia to the southern and eastern suburbs of Kansas City, including a sliver of Kansas City in Cass County and parts of Blue Springs in Jackson County. It also includes the portion of Columbia north of Interstate 70, home to the University of Missouri (but not the university itself). The district is predominantly rural and relatively conservative; George W. Bush defeated John Kerry 64% to 35% in the 2004 election and John McCain defeated Barack Obama 61% to 38% in the 2008 election. The district is currently represented by Republican Mark Alford, a former reporter for WDAF-TV, the city's Fox affiliate. This district had historically been a Democratic Party stronghold. Antipathy to the Republican Party had its origins in the American Civil War and the infamous General Order 11. The Union Army ordered evacuation of the county in an attempt to reduce support for and the power of bushwhacker guerrillas. After the Civil War, there was disfranchisement of white males (mostly Democrats) who had been active for the Confederacy until they took loyalty oaths, or until 1870. The area was filled with conflict between Missouri's Radicals, who joined the Republicans, and Conservatives, who were Democrats. By 1880 former secessionists dominated Missouri's congressional delegation and state legislature[citation needed]. Gradually this area developed a character similar to yellow dog Democrat districts in the South. Until 2010, only one Republican had been elected here since the Great Depression, and only for one term. However, several demographic trends have converged to erode the Democratic base in this district. First, as the New York Times election maps show, the predominantly rural counties lining the Missouri River have sharply trended Republican between the 2000 Senate election and the 2006 election, following trends across the South.[3] Secondly, population losses in Kansas City resulted in the 4th gradually losing much of its share of heavily Democratic Jackson County to the Kansas City-based 5th district. Until 1983, the district stretched as far as Independence on Kansas City's eastern border; as late as 1973 it included the eastern portion of Kansas City itself. To compensate for the loss of territory closer to Kansas City, large portions of heavily Republican Southwest Missouri were reassigned from the neighboring 7th district.[4] The result of these trends resulted in a dramatic collapse of Democratic support in the district. Al Gore, John Kerry, and Barack Obama won less than 40% of the vote here. It ultimately presaged Ike Skelton's defeat by Vicky Hartzler in 2010. Since Skelton's defeat, no Democrat has managed even 40 percent of the vote. Missouri's 4th congressional district includes all of 20 counties and portions of another 4 counties: Barton,Bates, Benton, Boone (parts), Camden (parts), Cass, Cedar, Dade, Dallas, Henry, Hickory, Howard, Jackson (parts), Johnson, Laclede, Lafayette, Morgan, Pettis, Polk, Pulaski, Saline, St. Clair, Vernon, and Webster (parts).[5]

Election results from statewide races

Year Office Results
2000 President George W. Bush 58 - Al Gore 40%
2004 President George W. Bush 64 - John Kerry 35%
2008 President John McCain 61 - Barack Obama 38%
2012 President Mitt Romney 61 - Barack Obama 36%
2016 President Donald Trump 65 - Hillary Clinton 29%
2020 President Donald Trump 66 - Joe Biden 32%

Composition

# County Seat Population
11 Barton Lamar 11,731
13 Bates Butler 16,242
15 Benton Warsaw 20,552
19 Boone Columbia 189,463
29 Camden Camdenton 44,044
37 Cass Harrisonville 111,732
39 Cedar Stockton 14,672
57 Dade Greenfield 7,716
59 Dallas Buffalo 17,768
83 Henry Clinton 22,485
85 Hickory Hermitage 8,718
89 Howard Fayette 10,101
95 Jackson Independence, Kansas City 718,560
101 Johnson Warrensburg 54,962
105 Laclede Lebanon 36,680
107 Lafayette Lexington 33,196
141 Morgan Versailles 21,970
159 Pettis Sedalia 43,530
167 Polk Bolivar 32,780
169 Pulaski Waynesville 53,812
185 St. Clair Osceola 9,752
195 Saline Marshall 23,049
217 Vernon Nevada 19,710
225 Webster Marshfield 41,472

Cities and CDPs of 10,000 people or more

2,500 – 10,000 people

List of members representing the district

Member Party Years Cong
ress 		Electoral history District location
District created March 4, 1847
File:Willard Preble Hall.jpg
Willard P. Hall
(St. Joseph) 		Democratic March 4, 1847 –
March 3, 1853 		30th
31st
32nd 		Elected in 1846.
Re-elected in 1848.
Re-elected in 1850.
Retired.[6]
File:Mordecai Baldwin Oliver with fellow members of the Howard Committee (cropped).jpg
Mordecai Oliver
(Richmond) 		Whig March 4, 1853 –
March 3, 1855 		33rd
34th 		Elected in 1852.
Re-elected in 1854.
Retired.
Opposition March 4, 1855 –
March 3, 1857
File:James Craig, Brigadier General, United States Volunteers, 1st Lieutenant and Adjutant, 6th Cavalry.jpg
James Craig
(St. Joseph) 		Democratic March 4, 1857 –
March 3, 1861 		35th
36th 		Elected in 1856.
Re-elected in 1858.
Retired.
File:Elijah H. Norton (Missouri Congressman) 2.jpg
Elijah H. Norton
(Platte City) 		Democratic March 4, 1861 –
March 3, 1863 		37th Elected in 1860.
Lost re-election.
File:SHBoyd (cropped).jpg
Sempronius H. Boyd
(Springfield) 		Unconditional Unionist March 4, 1863 –
March 3, 1865 		38th Elected in 1862.
Retired.
File:John R. Kelso (Missouri Congressman).jpg
John R. Kelso
(Springfield) 		Independent Republican March 4, 1865 –
March 3, 1867 		39th Elected in 1864.
Retired.
File:Joseph J. Gravely (Missouri Congressman).jpg
Joseph J. Gravely
(Stockton) 		Republican March 4, 1867 –
March 3, 1869 		40th Elected in 1866.
Retired.
File:SHBoyd (cropped).jpg
Sempronius H. Boyd
(Springfield) 		Republican March 4, 1869 –
March 3, 1871 		41st Elected in 1868.
Retired.
File:Harrison E. Havens (Missouri Congressman).jpg
Harrison E. Havens
(Springfield) 		Republican March 4, 1871 –
March 3, 1873 		42nd Elected in 1870.
Redistricted to the 6th district.
File:RobertAnthonyHatcher.jpg
Robert A. Hatcher
(Charleston) 		Democratic March 4, 1873 –
March 3, 1879 		43rd
44th
45th 		Elected in 1872.
Re-elected in 1874.
Re-elected in 1876.
Retired.
File:Lowndes H. Davis (US Congressman).jpg
Lowndes H. Davis
(Jackson) 		Democratic March 4, 1879 –
March 3, 1883 		46th
47th 		Elected in 1878.
Re-elected in 1880.
Redistricted to the 14th district.
File:BURNES, James N (BEP engraved portrait) (3x4a).jpg
James N. Burnes
(St. Joseph) 		Democratic March 4, 1883 –
January 23, 1889 		48th
49th
50th 		Elected in 1882.
Re-elected in 1884.
Re-elected in 1886.
Re-elected in 1888 but died before term started.
Vacant January 23, 1889 –
February 19, 1889 		50th
File:CharlesFBooher.jpg
Charles F. Booher
(St. Joseph) 		Democratic February 19, 1889 –
March 3, 1889 		Elected to finish Burnes's term in the 50th Congress.
Retired.
Vacant March 4, 1889 –
December 2, 1889 		51st
File:R. P. C. Wilson (Missouri Congressman).jpg
Robert P. C. Wilson
(Platte City) 		Democratic December 2, 1889 –
March 3, 1893 		51st
52nd 		Elected to finish Burnes's term in the 51st Congress.
Re-elected in 1890.
Retired.
File:Daniel Dee Burnes (Missouri Congressman).jpg
Daniel D. Burnes
(St. Joseph) 		Democratic March 4, 1893 –
March 3, 1895 		53rd Elected in 1892.
Retired.
File:George C. Crowther.jpeg
George C. Crowther
(St. Joseph) 		Republican March 4, 1895 –
March 3, 1897 		54th Elected in 1894.
Lost re-election.
File:Charles F. Cochran (Missouri Congressman).jpg
Charles F. Cochran
(St. Joseph) 		Democratic March 4, 1897 –
March 3, 1905 		55th
56th
57th
58th 		Elected in 1896.
Re-elected in 1898.
Re-elected in 1900.
Re-elected in 1902.
Withdrew from renomination.
File:Frank B. Fulkerson.jpg
Frank B. Fulkerson
(St. Joseph) 		Republican March 4, 1905 –
March 3, 1907 		59th Elected in 1904.
Lost re-election.
File:CharlesFBooher.jpg
Charles F. Booher
(Savannah) 		Democratic March 4, 1907 –
January 21, 1921 		60th
61st
62nd
63rd
64th
65th
66th 		Elected in 1906.
Re-elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Re-elected in 1912.
Re-elected in 1914.
Re-elected in 1916.
Re-elected in 1918.
Retired but died before term ended.
Vacant January 21, 1921 –
March 3, 1921 		66th
File:CharlesLFaust.jpg
Charles L. Faust
(St. Joseph) 		Republican March 4, 1921 –
December 17, 1928 		67th
68th
69th
70th 		Elected in 1920.
Re-elected in 1922.
Re-elected in 1924.
Re-elected in 1926.
Re-elected in 1928 but died before term began.
Vacant December 17, 1928 –
February 5, 1929 		70th
File:Hon. David Hopkins LCCN2016843774 (cropped).jpg
David W. Hopkins
(St. Joseph) 		Republican February 5, 1929 –
March 3, 1933 		70th
71st
72nd 		Elected to finish Faust's term in the 70th Congress.
Also elected to start Faust's term in the 71st Congress.
Re-elected in 1930.
Redistricted to at-large and lost re-election.
District inactive March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1935 		73rd All representatives elected at-large on a general ticket.
File:CJasperBell.jpg
C. Jasper Bell
(Blue Springs) 		Democratic January 3, 1935 –
January 3, 1949 		74th
75th
76th
77th
78th
79th
80th 		Elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Re-elected in 1938.
Re-elected in 1940.
Re-elected in 1942.
Re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Retired.
File:Leonard Irving (Missouri Congressman).jpg
Leonard Irving
(Independence) 		Democratic January 3, 1949 –
January 3, 1953 		81st
82nd 		Elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Lost re-election.
File:Jeffrey Paul Hillelson.png
Jeffrey P. Hillelson
(Independence) 		Republican January 3, 1953 –
January 3, 1955 		83rd Elected in 1952.
Lost re-election. 		1953–1963
[data missing]
File:George H. Christopher (Missouri Congressman).jpg
George H. Christopher
(Butler) 		Democratic January 3, 1955 –
January 23, 1959 		84th
85th
86th 		Elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Re-elected in 1958.
Died.
Vacant January 23, 1959 –
March 3, 1959 		86th
File:William Randall.png
William J. Randall
(Independence) 		Democratic March 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1977 		86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th 		Elected to finish Christopher's term.
Re-elected in 1960.
Re-elected in 1962.
Re-elected in 1964.
Re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Retired.
1963–1973
[data missing]
1973–1983
[data missing]
File:Portrait skelton.jpg
Ike Skelton
(Lexington) 		Democratic January 3, 1977 –
January 3, 2011 		95th
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th
108th
109th
110th
111th 		Elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Lost re-election.
1983–1993
[data missing]
1993–2003
[data missing]
2003–2013
File:Missouri's 4th congressional district (since 2003).gif
File:Vicky Hartzler official portrait 117th Congress (alt crop).jpg
Vicky Hartzler
(Harrisonville) 		Republican January 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2023 		112th
113th
114th
115th
116th
117th 		Elected in 2010.
Re-elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Re-elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.
2013–2023
File:Missouri US Congressional District 4 (since 2013).tif
File:Rep. Mark Alford official photo, 118th Congress.jpg
Mark Alford
(Lake Winnebago) 		Republican January 3, 2023 –
present 		118th Elected in 2022.
Re-elected in 2024. 		2023–present
File:Missouri's 4th congressional district with Columbia inset (since 2023).svg

Election Results

2010

Missouri's 4th district general election, November 2, 2010
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Vicky Hartzler 113,489 50.43%
Democratic Ike Skelton (incumbent) 101,532 45.11%
Libertarian Jason Michael Braun 6,123 2.72%
Constitution Greg Cowan 3,912 1.74%
Total votes 225,056 100.00%

2012

Missouri 4th Congressional District 2012
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) 192,237 60.3%
Democratic Teresa Hensley 113,120 35.5%
Libertarian Bill Slantz 10,407 3.3%
Constitution Greg Cowan 2,959 0.5%
Total votes 318,723 100.0%

2014

Missouri's 4th Congressional District, 2014
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) 120,014 68.08%
Democratic Nate Irvin 46,464 26.36%
Libertarian Herschel L. Young 9,793 5.56%
Write-In Gregory A Cowan 15 0.01%
Total votes 176,286 100%
Republican hold

2016

Missouri's 4th congressional district election, 2016
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) 225,348 67.83%
Democratic Gordon Christensen 92,510 27.85%
Libertarian Mark Bliss 14,376 4.33%
Total votes 332,234 100%
Republican hold

2018

Missouri's 4th congressional district election, 2018
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) 190,138 64.8%
Democratic Renee Hoagenson 95,968 32.7%
Libertarian Mark Bliss 7,210 2.5%
Total votes 293,316 100%
Republican hold

2020

Missouri's 4th congressional district, 2020[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Vicky Hartzler (incumbent) 245,247 67.6
Democratic Lindsey Simmons 107,635 29.7
Libertarian Steven K. Koonse 9,954 2.7
Total votes 362,836 100.0
Republican hold

Prior results

2008 Presidential Election Results by County

The table below shows how individual counties in MO-04 voted in the 2008 presidential election. U.S. Senator John McCain (R-Arizona) won every single county in MO-04 and swept the district with 60.58 percent of the vote while U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois) received 37.87 percent, a 22.71-percent margin of victory for the GOP.

County John McCain Barack Obama Difference
Barton 74.21 24.46 R + 49.75
Dade 69.65 28.79 R + 40.86
Moniteau 67.02 31.27 R + 35.75
Laclede 66.62 31.97 R + 34.65
Cedar 66.01 32.42 R + 33.59
Polk 65.39 33.24 R + 32.15
Dallas 63.71 34.57 R + 29.14
Webster 63.77 34.76 R + 29.01
Pulaski 63.68 34.99 R + 28.69
Camden 63.59 35.12 R + 28.47
Cole 62.94 36.03 R + 26.91
Pettis 60.51 38.07 R + 22.44
Benton 60.20 37.93 R + 22.27
Vernon 60.08 38.08 R + 22.00
St. Clair 59.76 37.81 R + 21.95
Morgan 59.58 38.97 R + 20.61
Cass 59.18 39.55 R + 19.63
Bates 58.35 39.49 R + 18.86
Lafayette 56.88 41.58 R + 15.30
Hickory 55.72 42.44 R + 13.28
Johnson 55.18 42.93 R + 12.25
Henry 54.62 43.63 R + 10.99
Ray 50.60 47.42 R + 3.18
Saline 50.39 47.85 R + 2.54

2008 Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary Election Results by County

The table below shows how individual counties in MO-04 voted in the 2008 Missouri Democratic Presidential Primary. Former U.S. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton (D-New York) swept the district by a convincing margin over U.S. Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois). Clinton won every county in the district with the exception of Cole County, home of the State Capitol.

County Hillary Clinton Barack Obama Difference
Benton 68.77 26.95 C + 41.82
St. Clair 67.52 26.12 C + 41.40
Hickory 67.95 27.86 C + 40.09
Ray 65.29 30.31 C + 34.98
Bates 63.51 30.08 C + 33.43
Dallas 63.75 32.01 C + 31.74
Henry 63.18 32.10 C + 31.08
Barton 63.43 32.85 C + 30.58
Polk 63.81 33.28 C + 30.53
Vernon 61.55 31.42 C + 30.13
Dade 62.22 33.12 C + 29.10
Laclede 62.48 33.77 C + 28.71
Morgan 62.05 33.58 C + 28.47
Cedar 60.30 33.00 C + 27.30
Webster 61.20 34.46 C + 26.74
Lafayette 60.75 35.40 C + 25.35
Moniteau 60.38 36.38 C + 24.00
Cass 59.76 36.73 C + 23.03
Saline 57.46 37.85 C + 19.61
Camden 57.99 38.75 C + 19.24
Pulaski 56.07 39.35 C + 16.72
Pettis 54.76 41.38 C + 13.38
Johnson 53.22 43.07 C + 10.15
Cole 45.07 51.16 O + 6.09

See also

References

  1. ↑ "My Congressional District".
  2. ↑ "2022 Cook PVI: District Map and List". Cook Political Report. July 12, 2022. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  3. ↑ "Senate Races". The New York Times.
  4. ↑ "Public Interest Guide to Redistricting".
  5. ↑ "Missouri's 4th Congressional District". Ballotpedia. Retrieved August 1, 2022.
  6. ↑ "Willard Preble Hall, 1864-1865". Missouri Digital Heritage. Retrieved December 26, 2020.
  7. ↑ "All Results State of Missouri - State of Missouri - General Election, November 03, 2020". Missouri Secretary of State. Retrieved December 9, 2020.

38°16′57″N 93°19′08″W / 38.28250°N 93.31889°W / 38.28250; -93.31889

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