Coordinates: 48°58′N 28°51′E / 48.967°N 28.850°E / 48.967; 28.850

Nemyriv

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For rural settlement in Lviv Oblast, Ukraine, see Nemyriv, Lviv Oblast.
Nemyriv
Немирів
Niemirów
City
Scherbatova Palace
Scherbatova Palace
Flag of Nemyriv
Flag
Coat of arms of Nemyriv
Coat of arms
Nickname: 
Peace Island City
Location of Nemyriv
Nemyriv (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 48°58′N 28°51′E / 48.967°N 28.850°E / 48.967; 28.850
CountryFile:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine
OblastVinnytsia Oblast
RaionVinnytsia Raion
HromadaNemyriv urban hromada
First mentioned1506
Magdeburg rights1581
City Status28 August 1985
Area
 • Total
10.923 km2 (4.217 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)[1]
 • Total
11,421
 • Density1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi)
Postal code
22800-22805
Area code+380 4331
Websitenemyriv-mrada.gov.ua

Nemyriv (Ukrainian: Немирів, IPA: [neˈmɪriu̯]) is a historic city in Vinnytsia Oblast (province) in Ukraine, located in the historical region of Podolia. It was the administrative center of former Nemyriv Raion (district). Population: 11,421 (2022 estimate).[1] Nemyriv is one of the oldest cities in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine. It was founded by Prince Nemyr in 1390.[citation needed] It is a minor industrial center. The distiller company that produces Ukrainian Nemiroff (Russian spelling) vodka is located in Nemyriv. The town's tourist attractions include a late 19th-century palace (which belonged to the House of Potocki) and a park complex.

History

Historical affiliations

File:Alex K Grundwald flags 1410-03.svg Grand Duchy of Lithuania 1506–1569
File:Chorągiew królewska króla Zygmunta III Wazy.svg Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1569–1672
File:Flag of the Ottoman Empire (1844–1922).svg Ottoman Empire 1672–1699
File:Royal Banner of Stanisław II of Poland.svg Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth 1699–1793
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russian Empire 1793–1917
File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine (Ukrainian People's Republic) 1917-1920
File:Flag of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (1919–1929).svg Soviet Ukraine 1920–1922
File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union 1922–1991
File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine 1991–present

File:Napoleon Orda. Nemyriv.jpg
Potocki Palace in Nemyriv in the 19th century

Nemyriv was built on the site of ancient Scythian settlement Myriv, destroyed during the Mongol invasion of Rus'. The settlement was re-established at the end of the 14th century and the first written mention of the city under its modern name in 1506. Nemyriv ultimately derives from the Slavic given name Niemir. It was a private town of Poland, owned by the families of Zbaraski and Potocki. Polish King Stanisław August Poniatowski visited the Potocki Palace. Notable events of Cossack wars took place in the town through 17th century and the city was captured by Andrii Abazyn between 1702 and 1704.[2] In 1737, an abortive congress was held in Nemyriv, aimed at the conclusion of peace between the emperors of Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Ottoman Turkey, and bringing an end to the Russo-Turkish War of 1735–39.

Jewish history of the city

Before World War II, Nemyriv had a large Jewish community. During the Khmelnytsky Uprising a massacre of Jews took place in Nemyriv. The town fell to the Cossacks on 10 June 1648, and the non-Jewish townspeople betrayed the Jews to the Cossacks.[3] The massacre was significant enough to Polish-Lithuanian Jewry that the Council of Four Lands marked the Jewish date of the massacre, 20 Sivan, as a day of remembrance for all the dead from the Khmelnytsky Uprising.[4] The Hasidic Rabbi Jacob Joseph of Polonne was appointed as rabbi in Nemyriv after he left Rashkov, during the 3rd quarter of the 18th century.[5][6] By the 19th century it had become one of the centers of Breslov Hasidism, being the birthplace and home of Nathan of Breslov ("Reb Noson"), the foremost disciple and scribe of rebbe Nachman of Breslov. After Nachman's death in 1810, Reb Noson moved to Bratslav to disseminate and publish his teachings from there. The city acted as a center of Jewish studies and linked with several Rabbi, such as Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller and Jehiel Michel ben Eliezer.[7] Yom-Tov Lipmann Heller once chief Rabbi of Vienna and Prague was the Chief Rabbi of Nemyriv from 1631 to 1634. By September 1941, the German kept the Jews of the city prisoners in a ghetto, where they were put to work, constructing the road from Nemyriv to Haisyn. On November 24, 1941, an Einsatzgruppen massacred 2,680 Jews in pits in the Polish cemetery. On June 26, 1942, the ghetto was liquidated. The Jews were driven into the synagogue, where 200 to 300 young and strong men and women were selected and sent to a labor camp. The rest, perhaps as many as 500, were shot behind the Polish cemetery in pits that had been dug in advance.[8]

Gallery

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in українська and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  2. ↑ Encyclopedia of Ukraine
  3. ↑ Teller, Adam (2020). Rescue the Surviving Souls: The Great Jewish Refugee Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. pp. 27, 29, 32.
  4. ↑ Teller, Adam (2020). Rescue the Surviving Souls: The Great Jewish Refugee Crisis of the Seventeenth Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 57.
  5. ↑ Dresner, Samuel H. (Rabbi). The Zaddik: The Doctrine of the Zaddik according to the Writings of Rabbi Yaakov Yosef of Polnoy, Shocken Books, 1974.ISBN 0-8052-0437-7 p. 50 (mention of his stay in Nemirov).
  6. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica
  7. ↑ Jewish Encyclopedia.com
  8. ↑ "Yahad - in Unum".

External links

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