List of Olympic medalists in art competitions
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There were 146 medalists in the art competitions that were part of the Olympic Games from 1912 until 1948. These art competitions were considered an integral part of the movement by International Olympic Committee (IOC) founder Pierre de Coubertin and necessary to recapture the complete essence of the Ancient Olympic Games. Their absence before the 1912 Summer Olympics, according to journalism professor Richard Stanton, stems from Coubertin "not wanting to fragment the focus of his new and fragile movement".[1] Art competitions were originally planned for inclusion in the 1908 Summer Olympics but were delayed after that edition's change in venue from Rome to London following the 1906 eruption of Mount Vesuvius.[2] By the 1924 Summer Olympics they had grown to be considered internationally relevant and potentially "a milestone in advancing public awareness of art as a whole".[3] During their first three appearances, the art competitions were grouped into five broad categories: architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture. The Dutch Organizing Committee for the 1928 Summer Olympics split these into subcategories in the hopes of increasing participation.[4] Although it was a successful strategy, the 1932 Summer Olympics eliminated several of these subcategories, which led to fewer entries in the broader categories.[5] For the 1936 Summer Olympics, the German government proposed the addition of a film contest to the program, which was rejected.[6] Following a final appearance at the 1948 Summer Olympics, art competitions were removed from the Olympic program. Planners of the 1952 Summer Olympics opposed their inclusion on logistical grounds, claiming that the lack of an international association for the event meant that the entire onus of facilitation was placed on the local organizing committee.[7] Concerns were also raised about the professionalism of the event, since only amateurs were allowed to participate in the sporting tournaments,[8] and the growing commercialization of the competitions, as artists had been permitted to sell their submissions during the course of the Games since 1928. In 1952 an art festival and exhibition was held concurrent with the Games, a tradition that has been maintained in all subsequent Summer Olympics.[9] In 1952, art competition medals were removed from the official national medal counts.[10] The IOC does not track medalists in Olympic art competitions in its database and thus the prize winners are only officially recorded in the original Olympic reports. Judges were not required to distribute first, second, and third place awards for every category, and thus certain events lack medalists in these placements. Since participants were allowed multiple submissions, it was also possible for artists to win more than one in a single event, as Alex Diggelmann of Switzerland did in the graphic arts category of the 1948 edition.[11] Diggelmann is tied with Denmark's Josef Petersen, who won second prize three times in literature, for the number of medals captured in the art competitions. Luxembourg's Jean Jacoby is the only individual to win two gold medals, doing so in painting in 1924 and 1928. Of the 146 medalists, 11 were women and only Finnish author Aale Tynni was awarded gold. Germany was the most successful nation, with eight gold, seven silver, and nine bronze medals,[12] although one was won by Coubertin himself, a Frenchman. He submitted his poem Ode to Sport under the pseudonyms Georges Hohrod and Martin Eschbach, as if it were a joint-entry, and won first prize in the 1912 literature category. The original report credits this medal to Germany.[13] Two individuals, Walter W. Winans[14] and Alfréd Hajós, won medals in both athletic and art competitions.[15]
Architecture
Mixed architecture
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm | File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Eugène-Edouard Monod & Alphonse Laverrière (SUI) Building-plan of a modern Stadium |
none awarded | none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp | none awarded | File:Flag of Norway.svg Holger Sinding-Larsen (NOR) Project pour une Ecole de Gymnastique |
none awarded |
| 1924 Paris | none awarded | File:Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946; 3-2 aspect ratio).svg Alfréd Hajós & Dezső Lauber (HUN) Plan d'un Stade |
File:Flag of Monaco.svg Julien Médecin (MON) Stade pour Monte-Carlo |
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Mixed architecture, architectural designs
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Town planning
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Literature
Mixed literature
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm | File:Flag of the German Empire.svg Georges Hohrod & Martin Eschbath (GER) Ode to sport |
none awarded | none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Raniero Nicolai (ITA) Canzoni Olimpioniche |
File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Theodore Andrea Cook (GBR) Olympic Games of Antwerp |
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Maurice Bladel (BEL) La Louange des Dieux |
| 1924 Paris | File:Flag of France.svg Géo-Charles (FRA) Jeux Olympiques |
File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Margaret Stuart (GBR) Sword Songs |
File:Flag of France.svg Charles Gonnet (FRA) Vers le Dieu d’Olympie |
| File:Flag of Denmark.svg Josef Petersen (DEN) Euryale |
File:Flag of Ireland (3-2).svg Oliver St. John Gogarty (IRL) Ode pour les Jeux de Tailteann | ||
| 1932 Los Angeles | File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Paul Bauer (GER) Am Kangehenzonga |
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Josef Petersen (DEN) The Argonauts |
none awarded |
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Dramatic works
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | none awarded | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Lauro De Bosis (ITA) Icaro |
none awarded |
Epic works
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | File:Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946; 3-2 aspect ratio).svg Ferenc Mező (HUN) L’histoire des Jeux Olympiques |
File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Ernst Weiss (GER) Boetius von Orlamünde |
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Carel Scharten & Margo Scharten-Antink (NED) De Nar uit de Maremmen |
| 1936 Berlin | File:Flag of Finland.svg Urho Karhumäki (FIN) Avoveteen |
File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Wilhelm Ehmer (GER) For the Top of the World |
File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Jan Parandowski (POL) Dysk Olimijski |
| 1948 London | File:Flag of Italy.svg Giani Stuparich (ITA) La Grotta |
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Josef Petersen (DEN) The Olympic Champion |
File:Flag of Hungary (1946-1949, 1956-1957).svg Éva Földes (HUN) The Well of Youth |
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Lyric and speculative works
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | File:Flag of Poland (1919-1928).svg Kazimierz Wierzyński (POL) Laur Olimpijski |
File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Rudolf G. Binding (GER) Reitvorschrift fur eine Geliebte |
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Johannes Weltzer (DEN) Symphonia Heroïca |
| 1936 Berlin[17] | File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Felix Dhünen-Sondinger (GER) The Runner |
File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Bruno Fattori (ITA) Profili Azzuri |
File:Flag of Austria.svg Hans Stoiber (AUT) The Discus |
| 1948 London[18] | File:Flag of Finland.svg Aale Tynni (FIN) Laurel of Hellas |
File:Flag of South Africa (1928–1982).svg Ernst van Heerden (RSA) Six Poems |
File:Flag of France.svg Gilbert Prouteau (FRA) Rythme du Stade |
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Music
Mixed music
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Riccardo Barthelemy (ITA) Triumphal March |
none awarded | none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp | File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Georges Monier (BEL) Olympique |
File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Oreste Riva (ITA) Epinicion |
none awarded |
| 1932 Los Angeles | none awarded | File:Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg Josef Suk (TCH) Into a New Life |
none awarded |
Compositions for orchestra
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | none awarded | none awarded | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Rudolph Simonsen (DEN) Symphony No. 2 "Hellas" |
| 1936 Berlin | File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Werner Egk (GER) Olympic Festive Music |
File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Lino Liviabella (ITA) The Victor |
File:Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg Jaroslav Křička (TCH) Mountain Suite |
| 1948 London[19] | File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Zbigniew Turski (POL) Olympic Symphony |
File:Flag of Finland.svg Kalervo Tuukkanen (FIN) Karhunpyynti |
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Erling Brene (DEN) Viguer |
Solo and chorus compositions
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 Berlin | File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Paul Höffer (GER) Olympic Vow |
File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Kurt Thomas (GER) Olympic Cantata, 1936 |
File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Harald Genzmer (GER) The Runner |
Instrumental and chamber
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1948 London | none awarded | File:Flag of Canada (1921–1957).svg Jean Weinzweig (CAN) Divertimenti for Solo Flute and Strings |
File:Flag of Italy.svg Sergio Lauricella (ITA) Toccata per Pianoforte |
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Vocal
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1948 London | none awarded | none awarded | File:Flag of Italy.svg Gabriele Bianchi (ITA) Inno Olimpionico |
Painting
Mixed painting
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Carlo Pellegrini (ITA) Winter Sports |
none awarded | none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp | none awarded | File:Flag of France.svg Henriette Brossin de Mère-de Polanska (FRA) L'Elan |
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Alfred Ost (BEL) Joueur de Football |
| 1924 Paris | File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Jean Jacoby (LUX) Etude de Sport |
File:Flag of Ireland (3-2).svg Jack Butler Yeats (IRL) Natation |
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Johan van Hell (NED) Patineurs |
Drawings and water colors
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam[20] | File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Jean Jacoby (LUX) Rugby |
File:Flag of France.svg Alex Virot (FRA) Gestes de Football |
File:Flag of Poland (1919-1928).svg Władysław Skoczylas (POL) Posters |
| 1932 Los Angeles | File:US flag 48 stars.svg Lee Blair (USA) Rodeo |
File:US flag 48 stars.svg Percy Crosby (USA) Jackknife |
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Gerhard Westermann (NED) Horseman |
| 1936 Berlin | none awarded | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Romano Dazzi (ITA) Four Sketches for Frescoes |
File:Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg Sujaku Suzuki (JPN) Classical Horse Racing in Japan |
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Engravings and etchings
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1948 London | File:Flag of France.svg Albert Decaris (FRA) Swimming Pool |
File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg John Copley (GBR) Polo Players |
File:Flag of South Africa (1928–1982).svg Walter Battiss (RSA) Seaside Sport |
Graphic works
Paintings
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Isaac Israëls (NED) Cavalier Rouge |
File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Laura Knight (GBR) Boxeurs |
File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Walther Klemm (GER) Patinage |
| 1932 Los Angeles | File:Flag of Sweden.svg David Wallin (SWE) At the Seaside of Arild |
File:US flag 48 stars.svg Ruth Miller (USA) Struggle |
none awarded |
| 1936 Berlin | none awarded | File:Flag of Austria.svg Rudolf Eisenmenger (AUT) Runner at the Finishing Line |
File:Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg Ryuji Fujita (JPN) Ice Hockey |
| 1948 London | File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Alfred Thomson (GBR) London Amateur Championships |
File:Flag of Italy.svg Giovanni Stradone (ITA) Le Pistard |
File:Flag of Ireland (3-2).svg Letitia Marion Hamilton (IRL) Meath Hunt Point-to-Point Races |
Sculpturing
Mixed sculpturing
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1912 Stockholm | File:US flag 48 stars.svg Walter W. Winans (USA) An American trotter |
File:Flag of France.svg Georges Dubois (FRA) Model of the entrance to a modern Stadium |
none awarded |
| 1920 Antwerp | File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Albéric Collin (BEL) La Force |
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Simon Goossens (BEL) Les Patineurs |
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Alphons De Cuyper (BEL) Lanceur de Poids et Coureur |
| 1924 Paris | File:Flag of Greece (1828-1978).svg Konstantinos Dimitriadis (GRE) Discobole Finlandais |
File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Frantz Heldenstein (LUX) Vers l'olympiade |
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Jean René Gauguin (DEN) Le Boxeur |
| File:Flag of France.svg Claude-Léon Mascaux (FRA) Cadre de Medailles |
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Medals
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 Berlin | none awarded | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Luciano Mercante (ITA) Medals |
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Josue Dupon (BEL) Equestrian Medals |
Medals and plaques
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1948 London | none awarded | File:Flag of Austria.svg Oskar Thiede (AUT) Eight Sports Plaques |
File:Flag of Austria.svg Edwin Grienauer (AUT) Prize Rowing Trophy |
Reliefs and medallions
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | File:Flag of Austria.svg Edwin Grienauer (AUT) Médailles |
File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Chris van der Hoef (NED) Médaille pour les Jeux Olympiques |
File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Edwin Scharff (GER) Plaquette |
| 1932 Los Angeles[24] | File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Józef Klukowski (POL) Sport Sculpture II |
File:US flag 48 stars.svg Frederick William MacMonnies (USA) Lindbergh Medal |
File:Flag of Canada (1921–1957).svg R. Tait McKenzie (CAN) Shield of the Athletes |
Reliefs
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1936 Berlin | File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Emil Sutor (GER) Hurdlers |
File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Józef Klukowski (POL) Ball |
none awarded |
| 1948 London | none awarded | none awarded | File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Rosamund Fletcher (GBR) The End of the Covert |
Statues
| Games | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1928 Amsterdam | File:Flag of France.svg Paul Landowski (FRA) Boxer |
File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Milo Martin (SUI) Athlète au repos |
File:Flag of Germany (3-2 aspect ratio).svg Renée Sintenis (GER) Footballeur |
| 1932 Los Angeles | File:US flag 48 stars.svg Mahonri Young (USA) The Knockdown |
File:Flag of Hungary (1915-1918, 1919-1946; 3-2 aspect ratio).svg Miltiades Manno (HUN) Wrestling |
File:Flag of Czechoslovakia.svg Jakub Obrovský (TCH) Odysseus |
| 1936 Berlin | File:Flag of Italy (1861-1946).svg Farpi Vignoli (ITA) Sulky Driver |
File:Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg Arno Breker (GER) Decathlon Athlete |
File:Flag of Sweden.svg Stig Blomberg (SWE) Wrestling Youths |
| 1948 London | File:Flag of Sweden.svg Gustaf Nordahl (SWE) Homage to Ling |
File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Chintamoni Kar (GBR) The Stag |
File:Flag of France.svg Hubert Yencesse (FRA) Nageuse |
Statistics
Multiple medalists
| Athlete | Nation | Olympics | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alex Diggelmann | File:Flag of Switzerland.svg Switzerland (SUI) | 1936–1948 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
| Josef Petersen | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark (DEN) | 1924, 1932, 1948 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| Jean Jacoby | File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg (LUX) | 1924–1936 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Józef Klukowski | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland (POL) | 1932–1936 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Werner March | File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany (GER) | 1928–1936 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| Edwin Grienauer | File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria (AUT) | 1928, 1948 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| Jacques Lambert | File:Flag of France.svg France (FRA) | 1928 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Medals per year
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References
General
- The Official Report of the Olympic Games of Stockholm 1912 (PDF). Stockholm: Swedish Olympic Committee. 1913. pp. 808–809. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-02-07. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- Olympic Games: Antwerp 1920: Official Report (PDF) (in français). Brussels: Belgian Olympic Committee. 1957. p. 80. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2018-10-07. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- Les Jeux de la VIIIE Olympiade (PDF) (in français). Paris: Comite Olympique Francais. 1924. pp. 605–612. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-08-25. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- Official Report of the Olympic Games of 1928 Celebrated at Amsterdam (PDF). Amsterdam: Netherlands Olympic Committee. 1928. pp. 892–901. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-23. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- The Games of the Xth Olympiad Los Angeles 1932 (PDF). Los Angeles: Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles. 1933. pp. 756–765. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-08-19. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- The XIth Olympic Games Berlin, 1936: Official Report Volume II (PDF). Berlin: Organisationskomitee Fur Die XI. Olympiade Berlin 1936 E.V. 1937. pp. 1119–1123. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-01-30. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad London 1948 (PDF). London: The Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad. 1951. pp. 535–537. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-09-27. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
Specific
- ↑ Stanton, Richard (2000). The Forgotten Olympic Art Competitions (1st ed.). Victoria: Trafford Publishing. p. 3. ISBN 1552126064.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 18.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 69.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 95.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 146.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 158.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 210.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 211.
- ↑ Stanton, p. 213.
- ↑ McGillivray, Mary (2024-07-31). "ABC TV's The Art Of explores the surprising history of art competitions at the Olympics". ABC News. Retrieved 2024-08-05.
- ↑ The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad London 1948 (PDF). London: The Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad. 1951. p. 536. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2012-03-06.
- ↑ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (2011). "Art Competitions". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-14. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
- ↑ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (2011). "Pierre, Baron de Coubertin Biography and Olympic Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-04. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
- ↑ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (2011). "Walter Winans Biography and Olympic Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2012-10-18. Retrieved 2012-03-08.
- ↑ Gjerde, Arild; Jeroen Heijmans; Bill Mallon; Hilary Evans (2011). "Alfréd Hajós Biography and Olympic Results". Olympics. Sports Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-01. Retrieved 2012-03-08.
- ↑ In 1936, this event was listed as "Designs for Municipal Planning". The XIth Olympic Games Berlin, 1936: Official Report Volume II (PDF). Berlin: Organisationskomitee Fur Die XI. Olympiade Berlin 1936 E.V. 1937. p. 1119. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1936, this event was listed as "Lyric Works". The XIth Olympic Games Berlin, 1936: Official Report Volume II (PDF). Berlin: Organisationskomitee Fur Die XI. Olympiade Berlin 1936 E.V. 1937. p. 1122. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1948, this event was listed as "Lyrics". The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad London 1948 (PDF). London: The Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad. 1951. p. 536. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-12. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1948, this event was listed as "Choral and Orchestra". The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad London 1948 (PDF). London: The Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad. 1951. p. 537. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-12. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1928, this event was listed as "Drawings". Official Report of the Olympic Games of 1928 Celebrated at Amsterdam (PDF). Amsterdam: Netherlands Olympic Committee. 1928. p. 898. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-09-17. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
- ↑ In 1932, this event was listed as "Prints".The Games of the Xth Olympiad Los Angeles 1932 (PDF). Los Angeles: Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles. 1933. p. 758. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1936, this event was listed as "Commercial Graphic Art". The XIth Olympic Games Berlin, 1936: Official Report Volume II (PDF). Berlin: Organisationskomitee Fur Die XI. Olympiade Berlin 1936 E.V. 1937. p. 1122. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1948, this event was listed as "Applied Art and Crafts". The Official Report of the Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad London 1948 (PDF). London: The Organising Committee for the XIV Olympiad. 1951. pp. 535–537. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-09-12. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
- ↑ In 1932, this event was listed as "Medals and Reliefs". The Games of the Xth Olympiad Los Angeles 1932 (PDF). Los Angeles: Xth Olympiade Committee of the Games of Los Angeles. 1933. p. 758. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 2017-05-14.
Notes
- ↑ Data provided by Bill Mallon to Sports Reference.com lists Walter March as a co-medalist.
