Coordinates: 30°22′N 76°09′E / 30.37°N 76.15°E / 30.37; 76.15

Nabha State

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Nabha State
Princely State
1763–1947
Coat of arms
File:Ludhiana District 1911.png
Nabha State in a 1911 map of Ludhiana district
Area 
• 1901
2,502 km2 (966 sq mi)
Population 
• 1901
297,949
Historical eraNew Imperialism
• Established
1763
• Accession to the Dominion of India
1947
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
File:Blank.png Mughal Empire
File:Blank.png Phulkian Misl
Dominion of India File:Flag of India.svg
Today part ofIndia
File:Imperial India; an artist's journals (1879) (14597378638).jpg
Sir Hira Singh, Raja of Nabha

Nabha State,[1] with its capital at Nabha, was one of the Phulkian princely states of Punjab during the British Raj in India.[2] Nabha was ruled by Jat Sikhs of the Sidhu clan.[3]

History

Origin

File:Detail of the main, continuous tract of territory of Nabha State from a map created by the British East India Company of the Malwa region of Punjab showing the various polities, borders, and settlements of the area, ca.1829–1835.jpg
Detail of the main, continuous tract of territory of Nabha State from a map created by the British East India Company, ca.1829–1835 (the state also held many exclave territories that can be seen in the full-map).

The ruling house of Nabha belonged to the Phulkian dynasty, sharing a common ancestor named Tiloka with the Jind rulers. Tiloka (r. 1652–1687) was the eldest son of Phul Sidhu of the Phulkian dynasty.[lower-alpha 1][4] The Nabha rulers descend from Gurditta (Gurdit Singh; r. 1687–1754), the elder son of Tiloka.[4] Gurditta was the founder of the localities of Dhanaula and Sangrur. Sangrur was the headquarters of the state till it was captured by Jind State. Gurditta died in 1754.[4] His only son Surat (or Suratya) Singh had died two years earlier in 1752, leaving his grandson, Hamir Singh, as the next in line.[4] Hamir Singh was the founder of the locality of Nabha and the first ruler of Nabha State.[5]

Foundation of the locality and state

The locality of Nabha was founded by Hamir Singh of the Phulkian dynasty in 1755, whilst the state itself was founded slightly after in 1763 by Hamir Singh.[6] The state at that period of time was composed of twelve scattered territories.[6] Hamir Singh died in 1783 and was succeeded by Jaswant Singh.[4] However, a regency was in-place between 1783–1790.[4] Jaswant Singh assumed full control on 1790 and ruled until 1840.[4]

Alliance with the British

Between 1807–08, the ruler of Nabha was afforded British protection from the threat posed by Ranjit Singh and his encroaching Lahore State.[6] Nabha State was loyal to the British during the Indian Mutiny of 1857, earning territory grants as a reward due to this.[6] In 1911, Hira Singh took-on the maharaja title.[4] Ripudaman Singh abdicated the throne of Nabha on 8 July 1923.[4]

Dissolution

In the happenings of Indian independence in 1947, Nabha was one of the five Phulkian states that merged to become P.E.P.S.U., which itself was gradually merged into Punjab state.[6]

State forces

The Nabha State Force consisted of a 500-strong infantry unit, including the Nabha Akal Infantry.[7]

List of rulers

No. Name

(Birth–Death)

Portrait Reign Enthronement Ref.
Sardars
1 Hamir Singh
(died 1783) 		File:Painting of a nimbate Sardar Hamir Singh of Nabha holding a flower and leaning on a bolster.jpg 1763 – 1783 ? [5][6][4]
Rajas
2 Jaswant Singh
(1775 – 22 May 1840) 		File:Miniature painting of Raja Jaswant Singh of Nabha seated and leaning against a bolster, inscribed in Perso-Arabic script.jpg 1783 – 1840 ? [5][4]
3 Devinder Singh
(5 September 1822 – 14/15 November 1865) 		File:Miniature painting of Raja Devinder Singh of Nabha seated on a chair.jpg 1840 – 1846 15 October 1840 [5][4]
4 Bharpur Singh
(5 October 1840 – 9 November 1863) 		File:Equestrian painting of a nimbate Raja Bharpur Singh of Nabha, containing Persian inscriptions on border.jpg 1846 – November 1863 ? [5][4]
5 Bhagwan Singh
(30 November 1842 – 31 May 1871) 		File:Maharaja Bhagwan Singh of Nabha (reg. 1863-71) standing in an interior.webp 1863 – 1871 17 February 1864 [5][4]
Maharajas
6 Hira Singh
(19 December 1843 – 24 December 1911) 		File:A ruler of Punjab, probably Hira Singh, the maharajah of Nabha, India, Punjab state, former kingdom of Nabha, ca.1850–1900.jpg 1871 – 1911 10 August 1871 [5][4]
7 Ripudaman Singh
(4 March 1883 – 14 December 1942) 		File:Photograph of Maharaja Ripudaman Singh of Nabha seated and holding sword.jpg 1911 – 1923 24 January 1912 [5][4]
8 Pratap Singh
(21 September 1919 – 22 July 1995) 		File:Photograph captioned 'His Highness The Maharaja of Nabha' (Pratap Singh), Nabha State, ca.1939.jpg 1923 – 1948 [5][4]

Demographics

Religious groups in Nabha State (British Punjab province era)
Religious
group 		1901[8] 1911[9][10] 1921[11] 1931[12] 1941[13]
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
Hinduism File:Om.svg[lower-alpha 2] 160,553 53.89% 126,414 50.79% 133,870 50.84% 132,354 46.02% 146,518 43.09%
Sikhism File:Khanda.svg 78,361 26.3% 76,198 30.62% 78,389 29.77% 97,452 33.89% 122,451 36.01%
Islam File:Star and Crescent.svg 58,550 19.65% 46,032 18.5% 50,756 19.27% 57,393 19.96% 70,373 20.7%
Jainism File:Jain Prateek Chihna.svg 476 0.16% 238 0.1% 278 0.11% 309 0.11% 480 0.14%
Christianity File:Christian cross.svg 7 0% 5 0% 41 0.02% 66 0.02% 221 0.06%
Zoroastrianism File:Faravahar.svg 2 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Buddhism File:Dharma Wheel (2).svg 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Judaism File:Star of David.svg 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Others 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 1 0%
Total population 297,949 100% 248,887 100% 263,334 100% 287,574 100% 340,044 100%
Note: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases.

Gallery

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Tiloka's personal name is alt. latinized as 'Tilokha'.
  2. ↑ 1931-1941: Including Ad-Dharmis

References

  1. ↑ Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 18, p. 271.
  2. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nabha" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 147.
  3. ↑ Bates, Crispin (26 March 2013). Mutiny at the Margins: New Perspectives on the Indian Uprising of 1857: Volume I: Anticipations and Experiences in the Locality. SAGE Publishing India. ISBN 978-81-321-1589-2.
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 Truhart, Peter (2017). Regents of Nations: Asia, Australia-Oceania, Part 2 (Reprint ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 1398. ISBN 9783111616254.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 Singh, Bhagat (1993). "Chapter 14 - The Phulkian Misl". A History of the Sikh Misals. Publication Bureau, Punjabi University.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 "Nabha | Princely State, Maharaja, Punjab | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 17 August 2024.
  7. ↑ "X. Nabha State Forces". Nabha Administration: A Review of Recent Years. Council of Regency of Nabha State. 1939. p. 29.
  8. ↑ "Census of India 1901. [Vol. 17A]. Imperial tables, I-VIII, X-XV, XVII and XVIII for the Punjab, with the native states under the political control of the Punjab Government, and for the North-west Frontier Province". 1901. p. 34. JSTOR saoa.crl.25363739. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  9. ↑ "Census of India 1911. Vol. 14, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1911. p. 27. JSTOR saoa.crl.25393788. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  10. ↑ Kaul, Harikishan (1911). "Census Of India 1911 Punjab Vol XIV Part II". p. 27. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  11. ↑ "Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 2, Tables". 1921. p. 29. JSTOR saoa.crl.25430165. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  12. ↑ "Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables". 1931. p. 277. JSTOR saoa.crl.25793242. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  13. ↑ "Census of India, 1941. Vol. 6, Punjab". 1941. p. 42. JSTOR saoa.crl.28215541. Retrieved 30 March 2024.

External links

30°22′N 76°09′E / 30.37°N 76.15°E / 30.37; 76.15

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