List of rocket launch sites
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This article constitutes a list of rocket launch sites. Some of these sites are known as spaceports or cosmodromes. A single rocket launch is sufficient for inclusion in the table, as long as the site is properly documented through a reference. Missile locations with no launches are not included in the list. Proposed and planned sites and sites under construction are not included in the main tabulation, but may appear in condensed lists under the tables. A shorter list of spaceports for human spaceflight and satellite launches is available in the article Spaceport.
Table specification
Sorting order
- Countries in alphabetical order within a table
- Launch sites within a country are sorted chronologically according to start of operations
Column specification
- Country – territory of the site (the organisation responsible for the launches may reside elsewhere, as indicated in the notes column;
- Location – Name of launch site (sometimes also province etc.)
- Coordinates – geographical coordinates
- Operational date – the period of years of launch activities
- Number of rocket launches – the total number of launches, including failed launches
- Heaviest rocket launched – total mass at lift-off
- Highest achieved altitude – height in km above launch site (unless orbital)
- Notes – comments
Major/active spaceports are shown in bold.
Africa
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Asia
Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the Europe section.
Proposed or planned spaceports and rocket launch sites in Asia
- Biak Spaceport, Indonesia
- Kulasekharapatnam Spaceport, Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India.[37]
- Iran, Chabahar Space Center
- Hokkaido Spaceport (HOSPO),[38] Taiki, Hokkaido, Japan (expansion of the Taiki Multi-Purpose Aerospace Park, used by Interstellar Technologies[39] and Space Waker)
Europe
Note that some European countries operate spaceports in Africa, South America, or other equatorial regions. These spaceports are listed in this article according to their geographical location. Some Russian-controlled launch sites are listed as being in Asia. Note that some Russian cosmodromes appear in this section, some in the section Asia. [40]
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Proposed or planned spaceports in Europe
- Spaceport Sweden, Kiruna[47]
- Newquay, Cornwall, England, UK[48]
- Sutherland spaceport, Scotland, UK[49] Was formally approved by the Scotland Highland Council in August 2020[50]
- Santa Maria, Azores, Portugal[51]
- Andøya Spaceport, Norway[52]
- El Hierro Launch Centre, Canary Islands, Spain [53]
- Taranto-Grottaglie Airport, Italy[54]
North America
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Additional rocket launch sites in North America
Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.
Proposed or planned spaceports in North America
- Cape Breton Spaceport (aka Cape Breton Space Centre), Nova Scotia[75]
- Cape Rich, LFCATC Meaford, Ontario[76]
- Oklahoma Spaceport, Burns Flat,[77][78]
- Silver Space Ports, Arizona[citation needed]
- Spaceport Washington, Moses Lake, Washington[79][80] This project was proposed in 2005 by a small real estate brokerage firm operating from an office in Renton, Washington, and has since proven to have been a scam.[81][82] The principal party - Mr. Andy Shin Fong Chen, CEO of ASPI Group, LLC - was charged with fraud by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on 15 March 2017.[83] No licensing was ever issued by any local, state or Federal government agency, nor was any construction ever initiated.
South America
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Oceania
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Past and/or planned only
- Cape York Peninsula, Queensland.
- Space Centre Australia secured land for main site facilities for space launch, located 43km east of Weipa, close to RAAF Scherger in 2023.[90] Final approvals may come under Mokwiri Aboriginal Corporation.[90] Previously a Cape York Space Agency was established by the government to develop a facility for Ukrainian Zenit launches at Weipa. However, traditional owners from Cape York Land Council blocked the proposal.[91][92]
- Space Centre Australia, secondary site, at Utingu, known as Punsand Bay in Bamaga, which comes under the council of the Torres Strait Island Region, and is said to be one of the closest facilities to equatorial launch access in the Asia Pacific region.[93]
- Christmas Island, Australian external territory.
- Site planned 1997 by the Asia Pacific Space Centre, but did not go ahead due to insufficient backing.[94]
- Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) conducted Phase I of a High Speed Flight Demonstration (HSFD) at Aeon Field on Christmas Island in 2002.[95]
Launches at sea
| Country | Location | Coordinates | Operational date | Number of rocket launches | Heaviest rocket launched | Highest achieved altitude | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ocean Odyssey complex | Mobile | 1999– | 30 | 462,000 kg | Orbital | Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Sea Launch. Uses a converted oil platform that plies between Long Beach, California, where a Zenit-3SL rocket is collected, and the equator, where the rocket is launched. | |
| File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia | Russian Delta class submarines | Mobile | 1998– | 2 | 30,000 kg | Orbital | Launch of uncrewed satellites into Earth orbit via converted SLBM missile Shtil from the Barents Sea. |
| File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | MLP Sputnik | 55°02′57″N 15°36′11″E / 55.04917°N 15.60306°E | 2010– | 4 | 1,630 kg | 8.2 km | Mobile satellite launch platform operated by Copenhagen Suborbitals. |
Additional rocket launch sites in the oceans and Antarctica
Please delete items or move them to the table above with appropriate data and references.
See also
- Launch pad
- Spaceport, including lists of spaceports that have achieved satellite launches and launches of humans
- List of launch complexes
References
- ↑ "Hammaguira". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 9 February 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Kapani Tonneo". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Jabal Hamzah". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020.
- ↑ "Egypt – Missile". NTI (Nuclear Threat Initiative). James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies. Archived from the original on 9 March 2016.
- ↑ "San Marco". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
- ↑ "Tawiwa". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on October 1, 2005. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Overberg". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Jiuquan". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on March 13, 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Taiyuan". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on August 29, 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ ""嫦娥一号"发射时间确定 但未到公布时机". XINHUA Online. July 7, 2007. Archived from the original on October 29, 2007. Retrieved August 2, 2007.
- ↑ "Xichang". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 29 January 2005. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC) Archived 2006-04-26 at the Wayback Machine, ISRO
- ↑ "Sriharikota". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on January 24, 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "India Fourth To Test ASAT, Pioneered By US, Soviet Union 60 Years Ago". NDTV India. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
- ↑ "Qom". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Emamshahr". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Al Anbar". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 8 November 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Palmachim". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on June 12, 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Kagoshima". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on March 22, 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Tanegashima". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on March 17, 2002. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Space Port Kii". SPACE ONE. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
- ↑ 気象ロケット観測30年報 (in Japanese). Japan Meteorological Business Support Center. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ 札幌試験場視察 [Visit to Sapporo Proving Ground] (PDF). Electronic Equipment Research Institute / Advanced Technology Promotion Center Headquarters Kobo [newsletter] (in 日本語). No. 503. General Affairs Division, General Affairs Department, Technology Research Headquarters, Ministry of Defense. 8 March 2010. p. 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2016.
- ↑ "Niijima". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 21 November 2019.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Obachi". Astronautix.com. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
- ↑ "Baikonur". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 16 October 2013.
- ↑ "Musudan". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Sohae Satellite Launching Station : Facilities". Nti.org. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Goheung". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Kookaburra". Archived from the original on 2008-10-15. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
- ↑ Missile Facilities – Flight Test Range, Sonmiani Beach Archived 2009-09-23 at the Wayback Machine, NTI
- ↑ "Sonmiani". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Svobodniy". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Dombarovsky". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 16 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "New Russian spaceport: Vostochny Cosmodrome". Archived from the original on 2011-04-10. Retrieved 2010-08-14.
- ↑ "First rocket launch from Russia's Far Eastern Vostochny spaceport". Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ ISRO plan more launches, Rediff, January 05, 2014
- ↑ "北海道スペースポート｜HOKKAIDO SPACEPORT". Hokkaido Spaceport. Retrieved 2023-12-23.
- ↑ "Interstellar Technologies Inc. - Launch Complex". Interstellar Technologies Inc. Retrieved 2023-12-23.
- ↑ Tucker, Spencer C. (2020). Weapons and Warfare: From Ancient and Medieval Times to the 21st Century. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO. p. 73. ISBN 978-1-4408-6728-6.
- ↑ "Andoya". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Kapustin Yar". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 4 November 2007. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "El Arenosillo Launch Log".
- ↑ 44.0 44.1 "Sweden's First Rocket Launch". Norrbottens Museum. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
- ↑ 45.0 45.1 "Kiruna". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on September 4, 2003. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Hebrides rocket launch: The space milestone we almost missed". BBC Scotland News. 3 February 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
- ↑ "SSC - Swedish Space Corporation - SSC". Ssc.se. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ Whitehouse, Richard; Smith, Colleen (4 July 2018). "Spaceport 'positive announcement' as Newquay bids to be first in Europe". cornwalllive.
- ↑ "BBC". BBC News. 9 November 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2018.
- ↑ Scottish spaceport formally approved by Highland Council, William Graham, NasaSpaceFlight.com, 20 August 2020.
- ↑ "Público". 21 December 2018. Retrieved 17 March 2019.
- ↑ fiskeridepartementet, Nærings-og (2019-12-13). "Meld. St. 10 (2019–2020)". Regjeringen.no (in norsk). Retrieved 2020-05-14.
- ↑ "El digital de Canarias". Retrieved 4 September 2019.
- ↑ "Virgin space companies sign new agreements with Italy". 8 July 2018.
- ↑ "Fort Churchill". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 14 February 2005. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Resolute Bay". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 19 December 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "T-minus 1 year until rocket launch site construction starts in Nova Scotia – Nova Scotia – CBC News". CBC.ca. Retrieved 2017-03-16.
- ↑ "It is rocket science: New details revealed about proposed space port in Nova Scotia". CBC.ca. 2017-04-11. Retrieved 2017-06-22.
- ↑ "Thule AFB". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on April 21, 2005. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ 60.0 60.1 Lehman, Milton (1988). Robert H. Goddard: Pioneer of Space Research. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-80331-4.
- ↑ Black, Patrick (20 April 2015). "About Wallops". Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ White Sands Archived 2008-05-15 at the Wayback Machine, Astronautix
- ↑ "Nevada Test Site". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on September 4, 2003. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Vandenberg –". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 12 January 2014. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ Crapsey, Aaron (October 15, 2016). "Keweenaw Rocket Range". Military History of the Upper Great Lakes. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
- ↑ Kodiak Launch Complex Archived 2009-06-07 at the Wayback Machine, AADC
- ↑ "Welcome to Virginia Space". Marsspaceport.com. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Rocket Lab Opens Launch Complex 2". 16 June 2020. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
- ↑ Alba, Diana M. (2009-01-01). "Virgin Galactic signs Spaceport America lease". Las Cruces Sun-News. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
- ↑ "Governor Bill Richardson Announces Spaceport America and Virgin Galactic Sign Historic Lease Agreement" (Press release). New Mexico Spaceport Authority. 2008-12-31. Archived from the original on 2009-01-03. Retrieved 2009-01-01.
- ↑ "Spaceport America - The world's invitation to space". Spaceportamerica.com. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Spaceport America". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on 27 March 2009. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ "Billion-dollar 'Space Port' business could be headed to Maine if state legislator has her way". November 2019.
- ↑ "BluShift Aerospace". Retrieved December 3, 2022.
- ↑ PlanetSpace still plans to blast-off from Cape Breton, chairman says, CBC News, February 21, 2008
- ↑ Rocketeers pick Canadian launch site, NBC News, June 2, 2005
- ↑ "Oklahoma Spaceport website". Archived from the original on 16 September 2008. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ Spaceport Oklahoma Licensed by FAA, SpecRef.com, October 15, 2001
- ↑ "ASPI Group - Space Port Washington". www.aspigroup.com.
- ↑ "Spaceport Site Plan and General Arrangement, 2005".
- ↑ Times, Seattle (21 March 2017). "SEC accuses investor visa developer in Renton of deceiving investors". oregonlive.com.
- ↑ "SEC v. ANDY SHIN FONG CHEN AND AERO SPACE PORT INTERNATIONAL GROUP". eb5projects.com.
- ↑ "Andy Shin Fong Chen, et al. (Release No. LR-23778; Mar. 15, 2017)". www.sec.gov.
- ↑ "Aniversario del Lanzamiento del Vehículo Vex 1B y próximos pasos del proyecto Tronador II". CONAE. Retrieved 23 January 2018.
- ↑ "Chilca". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2018-02-16. Retrieved 2018-02-16.
- ↑ "Chilca PLOB". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2018-02-17. Retrieved 2018-02-16.
- ↑ McDowell, Jonathan. "Sites [List of launch sites]". Jonathan McDowell's Personal Home Page - Jonathan's Space Report (JSR Launch Vehicle Database, 2017 Dec 28 Edition). Archived from the original on 2018-02-17. Retrieved 2018-02-16.
- ↑ "Missions Launched". Rocket Lab. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
- ↑ "Electron". Rocket Lab. Retrieved 3 April 2024.
- ↑ 90.0 90.1 Nicholls, Matt. "Race is on to build Cape York spaceport". Cape York Weekly. Retrieved 2023-12-18.
- ↑ Spaceports Around the World: Australia's Woomera and Weipa Spaceports, spacetoday.org
- ↑ "Cape York". Astronautix.com. Archived from the original on September 4, 2003. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
- ↑ Carruthers, Peter (5 October 2023). "Space Centre Australia secures 88ha land parcel at Cape York known as Utingu". Retrieved 2023-12-18.
- ↑ "Christmas Island". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on December 28, 2016. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ↑ "High Speed Flight Demonstration "HSFD"". JAXA Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. 1 July 2003. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
- ↑ "USAKA Temporary Extended Test Range" (PDF). GlobalSecurity.org. February 2, 2000. Retrieved December 3, 2022.
External links
- Overview of rocket launch sites worldwide – astronautix.com
- Kennedy Space Center, Cape Canaveral – nasa.gov
- Description and map of Cape Canaveral – astronautix.com
- Missile Range Tool – Carlos Labs
- Baikonur – russianspaceweb.com
- Description and map of Baikonur – astronautix.com
- Description and map of Kourou – astronautix.com
- Rocket launch site Kiruna – astronautix.com
- Homepage of Esrange – ssc.se
- Rocket launch site Salto di Quirra – astronautix.com