Buddhism by country

From The Right Wiki
(Redirected from Buddhist diaspora)
Jump to navigationJump to search

China40.5/
Percentage of Buddhists by country, according to the Pew Research Center

This list of Buddhism by country shows the distribution of the Buddhist religion, practiced by about 535 million people as of the 2010s,[4] representing 7% to 8% of the world's total population. It also includes other entities such as some territories. Buddhism is the official religion in four countries, Bhutan, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Sri Lanka.[5] The religion also holds a special status in two countries, Thailand and Laos. Buddhism is the majority religion in Bhutan, Myanmar, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Mongolia, and Laos. It is also the most followed religion in certain nations or territories without any majority religion, such as Mainland China, Hong Kong,[6] Macau,[7] Japan,[8] Singapore,[9] Taiwan, Vietnam,[10] and Kalmykia in Russia. Large Buddhist populations live in North Korea, Nepal, India and South Korea. China has the largest population of Buddhists, around 470 million or 33.3% of its total population according to the new data of 2023.[1] They are mostly followers of Chinese schools of Mahayana, making this the largest body of Buddhist traditions. Mahayana, also practised in broader East Asia, is followed by over half of the world's Buddhists.[1] The second largest body of Buddhist schools is Theravada, mostly followed in Southeast Asia and Sri Lanka.[1] The third largest body of schools Vajrayana, is followed mostly in Tibet, Bhutan, Nepal, Mongolia and parts of Russia,[1] but is disseminated throughout the world. The fourth largest body of Buddhist schools is Navayana, mostly followed in Maharashtra, India.[11][12]

By country

Pew Research Center (2010)

Buddhist population by country (Pew Research Center)[1]
Country/Territory Population % Buddhist No. of Buddhists
Afghanistan Afghanistan 31,410,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Albania Albania 3,200,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Algeria Algeria 35,470,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of American Samoa.svg American Samoa 70,000 0.3% < 10,000
File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra 80,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Angola Angola 19,080,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Argentina Argentina 40,410,000 < 0.1% 20,000
File:Flag of Armenia.svg Armenia 3,090,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Aruba.svg Aruba 110,000 0.1% < 10,000
Australia Australia 22,270,000 2.7% 600,000
Austria Austria 8,390,000 0.2% 20,000
File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan 9,190,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of the Bahamas.svg Bahamas 340,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Bahrain Bahrain 1,260,000 2.5% 30,000
Bangladesh Bangladesh 148,690,000 0.5% 720,000
File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados 270,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Belarus.svg Belarus 9,600,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Belgium Belgium 10,710,000 0.2% 30,000
Belize Belize 310,000 0.5% < 10,000
File:Flag of Benin.svg Benin 8,850,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Bermuda.svg Bermuda 60,000 0.5% < 10,000
Bhutan Bhutan 730,000 74.7% 540,000
File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia 9,930,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Botswana Botswana 2,010,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Brazil Brazil 194,950,000 0.1% 250,000
Brunei Brunei 400,000 8.6% 30,000
Bulgaria Bulgaria 7,490,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Burkina Faso Burkina Faso 16,470,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Cambodia Cambodia 14,140,000 96.9% 13,690,000
Cameroon Cameroon 19,600,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Canada Canada 34,020,000 0.8% 280,000
Chad Chad 11,230,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile 17,110,000 < 0.1% 10,000
China China 1,341,340,000 18.2% 244,130,000
File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia 46,290,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Democratic Republic of the Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo 65,970,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo 4,040,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Costa Rica Costa Rica 4,660,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Ivory Coast Côte d'Ivoire 19,740,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Croatia Croatia 4,400,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Cuba.svg Cuba 11,260,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus 1,100,000 0.2% < 10,000
Czech Republic Czech Republic 10,490,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Denmark Denmark 5,550,000 0.2% 10,000
File:Flag of Dominica.svg Dominica 70,000 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Ecuador.svg Ecuador < 0.1% < 10,000
Egypt Egypt < 0.1% < 10,000
El Salvador El Salvador < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia < 0.1% < 10,000
Ethiopia Ethiopia < 0.1% ?
Falkland Islands Falkland Islands < 0.1% ?
File:Flag of the Federated States of Micronesia.svg Federated States of Micronesia 110,000 0.4% < 10,000
File:Flag of Fiji.svg Fiji < 0.1% < 10,000
Finland Finland < 0.1% < 10,000
France France 62,790,000 0.5% 280,000
File:Flag of French Guiana.svg French Guiana < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of French Polynesia.svg French Polynesia < 0.1% < 10,000
Germany Germany 82,300,000 0.3% 210,000
Ghana Ghana < 0.1% < 10,000
Greece Greece < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Guam.svg Guam 180,000 1.1% < 10,000
Guatemala Guatemala < 0.1% < 10,000
Guinea Guinea < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti < 0.1% < 10,000
Honduras Honduras 7,600,000 0.1% < 10,000
Hong Kong Hong Kong 7,050,000 13.2% 930,000
Hungary Hungary < 0.1% < 10,000
Iceland Iceland 320,000 0.4% < 10,000
India India 1,224,610,000 0.8% 9,250,000
Indonesia Indonesia 266,535,000 0.8% 2,062,150
Iran Iran < 0.1% < 10,000
Iraq Iraq < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland 4,470,000 0.2% < 10,000
Israel Israel 7,420,000 0.3% 20,000
Italy Italy 60,550,000 0.2% 110,000
File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica 2,740,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Japan Japan 126,540,000 36.2% 45,820,000
Jordan Jordan 6,190,000 0.4% 20,000
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 16,030,000 0.2% 40,000
Kenya Kenya < 0.1% < 10,000
North Korea North Korea 24,350,000 1.5% 370,000
South Korea South Korea 48,180,000 22.9% 11,050,000
Kuwait Kuwait 2,740,000 2.8% 80,000
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan < 0.1% < 10,000
Laos Laos 6,200,000 66.1% 4,100,000
File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia < 0.1% < 10,000
Lebanon Lebanon 4,230,000 0.2% < 10,000
Lesotho Lesotho < 0.1% < 10,000
Liberia Liberia < 0.1% < 10,000
Libya Libya 6,360,000 0.3% 20,000
Liechtenstein Liechtenstein < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg < 0.1% < 10,000
Macau Macau 540,000 17.3% 90,000
Madagascar Madagascar < 0.1% < 10,000
Malawi Malawi < 0.1% < 10,000
Malaysia Malaysia 28,400,000 19.8% 5,010,000
Maldives Maldives 320,000 0.6% < 10,000
Mali Mali < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag-of-Martinique.svg Martinique < 0.1% < 10,000
Mauritius Mauritius < 0.1% < 10,000
Mexico Mexico < 0.1% < 10,000
Mongolia Mongolia 2,760,000 55.1% 1,520,000
File:Flag of Montenegro.svg Montenegro < 0.1% < 10,000
Morocco Morocco < 0.1% < 10,000
Mozambique Mozambique < 0.1% < 10,000
Myanmar Myanmar (Burma) 47,960,000 89.9% 38,410,000
Namibia Namibia < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Nauru.svg Nauru 10,000 1.1% < 10,000
Nepal Nepal 29,960,000 10.3% 3,080,000
Netherlands Netherlands 16,610,000 0.2% 40,000
File:Flags of New Caledonia.svg New Caledonia 250,000 0.6% < 10,000
New Zealand New Zealand 4,370,000 1.6% 70,000
Nicaragua Nicaragua < 0.1% < 10,000
Nigeria Nigeria 158,420,000 < 0.1% 10,000
File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of the Northern Mariana Islands.svg Northern Mariana Islands 60,000 10.6% < 10,000
Norway Norway 4,880,000 0.6% 30,000
Oman Oman 2,780,000 0.8% 20,000
Pakistan Pakistan 173,590,000 < 0.1% 20,000
File:Flag of Palau.svg Palau 20,000 0.8% < 10,000
State of Palestine Palestine < 0.1% < 10,000
Panama Panama 3,520,000 0.2% < 10,000
File:Flag of Papua New Guinea.svg Papua New Guinea < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Paraguay.svg Paraguay < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru 29,080,000 0.2% 50,000
Philippines Philippines 93,260,000 2.0% 1,861,600
Poland Poland < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal 10,680,000 0.6% 60,000
File:Flag of Puerto Rico.svg Puerto Rico 3,750,000 0.3% 10,000
Qatar Qatar 1,760,000 3.1% 50,000
Réunion Réunion 850,000 0.2% < 10,000
File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania < 0.1% < 10,000
Russia Russia 142,960,000 0.1% 170,000
Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia 27,450,000 0.3% 90,000
Senegal Senegal 12,430,000 0.3% < 10,000
File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia < 0.1% < 10,000
Seychelles Seychelles < 0.1% < 10,000
Sierra Leone Sierra Leone 5,870,000 0.3% < 10,000
Singapore Singapore 5,090,000 33.9% 1,730,000
Slovakia Slovakia < 0.1% < 10,000
Slovenia Slovenia < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of the Solomon Islands.svg Solomon Islands 540,000 0.3% < 10,000
South Africa South Africa 50,130,000 0.2% 100,000
File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain < 0.1% < 10,000
Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 20,860,000 69.3% 14,450,000
Sudan Sudan < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Suriname.svg Suriname 520,000 0.6% < 10,000
Eswatini Swaziland < 0.1% < 10,000
Sweden Sweden 9,380,000 0.4% 40,000
Switzerland Switzerland 7,660,000 0.4% 30,000
Taiwan Taiwan 23,220,000 21.3% 4,950,000
Tajikistan Tajikistan < 0.1% < 10,000
Tanzania Tanzania < 0.1% < 10,000
Thailand Thailand 69,120,000 93.2% 64,420,000
Togo Togo < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Tonga.svg Tonga 100,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
Tunisia Tunisia < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago 1,340,000 0.3% < 10,000
Turkey Turkey 72,750,000 < 0.1% 40,000
Turkmenistan Turkmenistan < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu < 0.1% < 10,000
Uganda Uganda < 0.1% < 10,000
Ukraine Ukraine 45,450,000 < 0.1% 20,000
United Arab Emirates United Arab Emirates 7,510,000 2.0% 150,000
United Kingdom United Kingdom 62,040,000 0.4% 240,000
United States United States 310,380,000 1.2% 3,570,000
File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay < 0.1% < 10,000
United States Virgin Islands US Virgin Islands < 0.1% < 10,000
Uzbekistan Uzbekistan 27,440,000 < 0.1% < 10,000
File:Flag of Vanuatu.svg Vanuatu < 0.1% < 10,000
Venezuela Venezuela < 0.1% < 10,000
Vietnam Vietnam 87,850,000 16.4% 14,380,000
Yemen Yemen < 0.1% < 10,000
Zambia Zambia < 0.1% < 10,000
Zimbabwe Zimbabwe < 0.1% < 10,000
World 6,895,890,000 7.1% 487,540,000

Other data

Buddhist population by country (Other data)
Country/territory Population % Buddhist No. of Buddhists Year Source
File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina 47,327,407 2022 National census
File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia 25,422,788 2.4% 615,800 2021 National census[13]
File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh 165,158,616 0.61% 2022 National census[14]
File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium 0.3% 2018 Other[15]
File:Flag of Bhutan.svg Bhutan 735,553 2017 National census
File:Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia 97.9% 2013 Other[16]
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada 1.1% 366,830 2011 Census[17][18]
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 33.4% 470,000,000 2023 Studies[19]
File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica 2.34% 100,000 2012 Other[20]
File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark 1.1% 64,000 2018 Other[21]
File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany 270,000 2016 Other[22]
File:Flag of India.svg India 1,210,854,977 0.7% 8,442,972 2011 National census
File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy 0.3% 160,000 Caritas Italiana[23]
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 67.0% 84,336,539 2018 ACA Religious Yearbook[24]
Up to 20.0% 2017 JGSS[25]
File:Flag of Kuwait.svg Kuwait 4.0% 100,000 2006 Other[26]
File:Flag of Macau.svg Macau 80.0% 455,000 2012 Government report[27]
File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia Up to 93.0% Other[28]
File:Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar 50,279,900 89.8% 45,185,449 2014 National census[29]
File:Flag of Oman.svg Oman 1.2% 30,501 Other[30]
File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines 1,861,600 Other[31]
File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia 0.6% 866,500 2016 Other[32]
File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia 1.5% 414,016 2007 Other[33]
File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore 4,044,210 31.1% 1,257,749 2020 National census
File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka 20,359,439 70.2% 14,272,056 2011 National census[34]
File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden 0.7% 57,064 2020 Other[35]
File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan 35.0% 8,050,000 2006 Other[36]
File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand 67,706,048 93.5% 63,299,193 2018 National census
94.5% 63,620,298 2015 Census[37]
File:Flag of the United Arab Emirates.svg United Arab Emirates 5.0% 222,201 2006 Other[38][39]
File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam Up to 66.7% Other[40]

By region

Buddhism by region in 2010[1]
Region Estimated total population Estimated Buddhist population %
Asia-Pacific 4,054,990,000 481,290,000 11.9%
North America 344,530,000 3,860,000 1.1%
Europe 742,550,000 1,330,000 0.2%
Middle East-North Africa 341,020,000 500,000 0.1%
Latin America-Caribbean 590,080,000 410,000 <0.1%
Total 6,895,890,000 487,540,000 7.1%

Ten countries with the largest Buddhist populations

Countries with the largest Buddhist populations as of 2010, according to Pew Research Center[1]
Country Estimated Buddhist population % of the total population of the country % of world Buddhist population
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China 244,130,000 18.2% 50.1%
File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand 64,420,000 94.5% 13.2%
File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan 45,820,000 36.2% 9.4%
File:Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar 38,410,000 87.9% 7.9%
File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam 14,910,000 14.9% 2.9%
File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka 14,450,000 70.2% 3.0%
File:Flag of Cambodia.svg Cambodia 13,690,000 96.9% 2.8%
File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea 11,050,000 22.9% 2.3%
File:Flag of India.svg India 9,250,000 0.8% 1.9%
File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia 5,010,000 19.8% 1.0%
Subtotal for the ten countries 460,620,000 (% of total of all ten countries) 15.3% 94.5%
Subtotal for the rest of the world 26,920,000 (% of rest of world population) 0.4% 5.5%
World total 487,540,000 7.1% 100%

See also

General:

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 "Global Religious Landscape: Buddhists". Pew Research Center. 18 December 2012. Archived from the original on 28 January 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  2. Johnson, Todd M.; Grim, Brian J. (2013). The World's Religions in Figures: An Introduction to International Religious Demography (PDF). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 34–37. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 October 2013. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  3. Harvey, Peter (2013). An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices (2nd ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-521-67674-8. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  4. Estimates include: 488 million (Pew 2012),[1] 495 million (Johnson & Grim 2013),[2] and 535 million (Harvey 2013).[3]
  5. Mitchell, T. (2022, April 26). Many countries favor specific religions. Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/2017/10/03/many-countries-favor-specific-religions-officially-or-unofficially/ Archived 20 September 2023 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Planet, Lonely. "Religion & Belief in Hong Kong, China". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  7. "Religion in Macau – Festivals and Places of Worship – Holidify". holidify.com. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  8. "ASIA SOCIETY: THE COLLECTION IN CONTEXT". asiasocietymuseum.org. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  9. Kuah, Khun Eng (1991). "State and Religion: Buddhism and NationalBuilding in Singapore". Pacific Viewpoint. 32 (1): 24–42. doi:10.1111/apv.321002. ISSN 2638-4825.
  10. "Vietnam Buddhism". Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  11. "Manu Moudgil, Dalits Are Still Converting to Buddhism, but at a Dwindling Rate, The Quint, 17.06.17". 17 June 2017. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  12. Moudgil, Manu (July 2017). "Conversion To Buddhism Has Brought Literacy, Gender Equality And Well-Being To Dalits – IndiaSpend-Journalism India -Data Journalism India-Investigative Journalism-IndiaSpend". indiaspend.com. Archived from the original on 15 September 2020. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  13. "Religious affiliation in Australia | Australian Bureau of Statistics". abs.gov.au. 7 April 2022. Archived from the original on 19 November 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  14. "Census 2022: Number of Muslims increased in the country". dhakatribune.com. 27 July 2022. Archived from the original on 1 October 2022. Retrieved 16 September 2022.
  15. Eurobarometer 90.4: Attitudes of Europeans towards Biodiversity, Awareness and Perceptions of EU customs, and Perceptions of Antisemitism. European Commission. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 9 August 2019 – via GESIS.
  16. "The World Factbook". Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  17. "Religions in Canada—Census 2011". Statistics Canada/Statistique Canada. 8 May 2013. Archived from the original on 19 December 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  18. "North America :: Canada – The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. 14 December 2021. Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 24 January 2021.
  19. 2023 approximations of the statistics from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) of the year 2018, as contained in the following analyses:
  20. "Buddhism in Costa Rica". The Costa Rican News. 2012. Archived from the original on 16 December 2017. Retrieved 17 December 2017.
  21. "Eurobarometer 90.4 (December 2018): Attitudes of Europeans towards Biodiversity, Public Perception of Illicit Tobacco Trade, Awareness and Perceptions of EU customs, and Perceptions of Antisemitism", Special Eurobarometer, European Union: European Commission, 2018, archived from the original on 19 May 2020, retrieved 26 August 2019 – via GESIS
  22. "Mitgliederzahlen: Buddhismus" (in Deutsch). Remid.de. Archived from the original on 13 May 2017. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  23. "Archived copy" (PDF). db.caritas.glauco.it. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 November 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  24. 宗教年鑑 令和元年版 [Religious Yearbook 2019] (PDF) (in 日本語). Agency for Cultural Affairs, Government of Japan. 2019. p. 35. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 December 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  25. Iwai, Noriko (11 October 2017). Measuring religion in Japan: ISM, NHK and JGSS (PDF) (Report). JGSS Research Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 1 July 2020.
  26. "International Religious Freedom Report: Kuwait". Archived from the original on 10 October 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  27. "state.gov". Archived from the original on 22 January 2017. Retrieved 15 December 2014.
  28. "Mongolia". U.S. Department of State. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
  29. Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population MYANMAR (July 2016). The 2014 Myanmar Population and Housing Census Census Report Volume 2-C. Department of Population Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population MYANMAR. pp. 12–15. Archived from the original on 27 April 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2019.
  30. "The UK's Leading SEO Company for SME & Enterprise". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007.
  31. "The International Day of Vesak | Philippines". Archived from the original on 1 January 2023. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  32. "ФСО доложила о межконфессиональных отношениях в РФ". ZNAK. Archived from the original on 16 April 2017. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
  33. "International Religious Freedom Report: Saudi Arabia". 14 September 2007. Archived from the original on 12 May 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  34. Department of Census and Statistics,The Census of Population and Housing of Sri Lanka-2011 Archived 7 January 2019 at the Wayback Machine
  35. Willander, Erika (2020). Ett mångreligiöst Sverige i förändring. Bromma: Myndigheten för stöd till trossamfund. ISBN 978-91-983453-5-3.
  36. TAIWAN Archived 12 January 2022 at the Wayback Machine
  37. "Population by religion, region and area, 2015" (PDF). NSO. Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
  38. "International Religious Freedom Report: United Arab Emirates". Archived from the original on 10 January 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  39. "Country Profiles". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
  40. Zatko, Martin; Emmons, Ron (12 July 2012). The Rough Guide to Vietnam. Rough Guides UK. ISBN 978-1-4093-5936-4. Archived from the original on 14 January 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2021.

External links