List of elected and appointed female heads of state and government
The following is a list of women who have been elected or appointed head of state or government of their respective countries since the interwar period (1918–1939). The first list includes female presidents who are heads of state and may also be heads of government, as well as female heads of government who are not concurrently head of state, such as prime ministers. The list does not include any presidents of the United States, nor Queens regnant who are heads of state (but not of government).[lower-alpha 2] Khertek Anchimaa-Toka, of the mostly unrecognized and now defunct Tuvan People's Republic, is regarded as the "first ever elected woman head of state in the world", although not in multiparty, free and fair elections. The wife of the nation's Supreme Leader, she is the first woman to be elected Chairman of a country. She became the chairwoman of the country's presidium in 1940.[1][2] The first woman to be elected as prime minister of a country was Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka), when she led her party to victory in the July 1960 general election.[3][2] The first woman to serve as president of a country was Isabel Perón of Argentina, who served as the country's vice president and succeeded to the presidency in July 1974 upon the death of her husband.[4][2] The first woman elected president of a country was Vigdís Finnbogadóttir of Iceland, who won the 1980 presidential election as well as three subsequent elections, remaining in office for a total of 16 years, which makes her the longest-serving non-hereditary female head of state in history.[5][2] The first democratically elected female prime minister of a Muslim majority country was Benazir Bhutto of Pakistan, who led her party to victory in the 1988 general election and later in 1993, making her the first woman democratically elected leader of any Muslim nation.[6] Bhutto was also the first of only two non-hereditary female world leaders who gave birth to a child while serving in office, the other being Jacinda Ardern of New Zealand.[7] The longest-tenured female non-hereditary head of government is Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh. She served as the country's prime minister from June 1996 to July 2001 and again from January 2009 until August 2024, for a combined total of over 20 years.[8] The prime ministers of Equatorial Guinea, Mozambique, Namibia, Peru, and Uganda are included in the list of elected or appointed female deputy heads of government but not in the list of elected or appointed female deputy heads of state, as they are neither heads of government, nor deputy heads of state due to the existence of the office of vice president in these countries, whereas the prime ministers of South Korea and Sri Lanka (post-1978) are included in both of those lists. Currently, Barbados is the only republic in the world where both the serving head of state and head of government are women. Honduras, the Marshall Islands, Mexico, Peru, and Tanzania are republics where the female President is the combined head of state and government.
Elected or appointed female chief executives
This list includes women who were appointed by a governing committee or parliament where heads of state or government are not directly elected by citizens. The list does not include women chosen by a hereditary monarch. Interim heads of state or government are listed in italics.
Name | Portrait | Country | Office | Mandate start | Mandate end |
Term length | Head of state or government |
Executive or non-executive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Khertek Anchimaa-Toka | File:Flag of the Tuvan People's Republic (1943-1944).svg Tannu Tuva[lower-alpha 3] | Chairwoman of the Presidium of the Little Khural |
6 April 1940 | 11 October 1944 | 4 years, 188 days | Head of state | ||
Sirimavo Bandaranaike | File:Flag of Ceylon.svg Ceylon/ File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka |
Prime Minister | 21 July 1960 | 27 March 1965 | 4 years, 249 days | Head of government[a 1] | Executive | |
29 May 1970 | 23 July 1977 | 7 years, 55 days | ||||||
Indira Gandhi | File:Flag of India.svg India | Prime Minister | 24 January 1966 | 24 April 1977 | 11 years, 90 days | Head of government | Executive | |
15 January 1980 | 31 October 1984 (assassinated) |
4 years, 290 days | ||||||
Golda Meir | File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel | Prime Minister | 17 March 1969 | 3 June 1974 | 5 years, 78 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Isabel Perón | File:Flag of Argentina (1861–2010).svg Argentina | President | 1 July 1974 | 24 March 1976 | 1 year, 267 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Elisabeth Domitien | File:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg Central African Republic | Prime Minister | 2 January 1975 | 7 April 1976 | 1 year, 96 days | Head of government | ||
Margaret Thatcher | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | Prime Minister | 4 May 1979 | 28 November 1990 | 11 years, 208 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo | File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal | Prime Minister | 1 August 1979 | 3 January 1980 | 155 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Lidia Gueiler Tejada | File:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg Bolivia | President | 16 November 1979 | 17 July 1980 | 244 days | Head of state | Executive | |
Eugenia Charles | File:Flag of Dominica (1978–1981).svg Dominica | Prime Minister | 21 July 1980 | 14 June 1995 | 14 years, 328 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir | File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | President | 1 August 1980 | 1 August 1996 | 16 years, 0 days | Head of state | ||
Gro Harlem Brundtland | File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway | Prime Minister | 4 February 1981 | 14 October 1981 | 252 days | Head of government | Executive | |
9 May 1986 | 16 October 1989 | 3 years, 160 days | ||||||
3 November 1990 | 25 October 1996 | 5 years, 357 days | ||||||
Soong Ching-ling | File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China | Honorary President | 16 May 1981 | 28 May 1981 | 12 days | Head of state | ||
Agatha Barbara | File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | President | 15 February 1982 | 15 February 1987 | 5 years | Head of state | ||
Milka Planinc | File:Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg Yugoslavia | Prime Minister | 16 May 1982 | 15 May 1986 | 3 years, 364 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Corazon Aquino | File:Flag of the Philippines (navy blue).svg Philippines | President | 25 February 1986 | 30 June 1992 | 6 years, 126 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Stella Sigcau | File:Flag of Transkei.svg Transkei[lower-alpha 4] | Prime Minister | 5 October 1987 | 30 December 1987 | 86 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Benazir Bhutto | File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan | Prime Minister | 2 December 1988 | 6 July 1990 | 1 year, 216 days | Head of government | Executive | |
19 October 1993 | 5 November 1996 | 3 years, 17 days | ||||||
Ertha Pascal-Trouillot | File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti | President | 13 March 1990 | 7 February 1991 | 331 days | Head of state | ||
Kazimira Prunskienė | File:Flag of Lithuania (1988-2004).svg Lithuania | Prime Minister | 11 March 1990 | 10 January 1991 | 299 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Sabine Bergmann-Pohl | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | President of the People's Chamber | 5 April 1990 | 2 October 1990 | 180 days | Head of state | ||
Violeta Chamorro | File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua | President | 25 April 1990 | 10 January 1997 | 6 years, 260 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Mary Robinson | File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland | President | 3 December 1990 | 12 September 1997 | 6 years, 283 days | Head of state | ||
Khaleda Zia | File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh | Prime Minister | 20 March 1991 | 30 March 1996 | 5 years, 10 days | Head of government | Executive | |
10 October 2001 | 29 October 2006 | 5 years, 19 days | ||||||
Édith Cresson | File:Flag of France (lighter variant).svg France | Prime Minister | 15 May 1991 | 2 April 1992 | 323 days | Head of government | ||
Hanna Suchocka | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Prime Minister | 11 July 1992 | 25 October 1993 | 1 year, 106 days | Head of government | ||
Tansu Çiller | File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey | Prime Minister | 13 June 1993 | 6 March 1996 | 2 years, 267 days | Head of government | ||
Kim Campbell | File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada | Prime Minister | 25 June 1993 | 4 November 1993 | 132 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Sylvie Kinigi | File:Flag of Burundi.svg Burundi | Prime Minister | 10 July 1993 | 7 February 1994 | 109 days | Head of government | ||
Agathe Uwilingiyimana | File:Flag of Rwanda (1961–2001).svg Rwanda | Prime Minister | 18 July 1993 | 7 April 1994 (assassinated) |
263 days | Head of government | ||
Chandrika Kumaratunga | File:Flag of Sri Lanka.svg Sri Lanka | President | 12 November 1994 | 19 November 2005 | 11 years, 7 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Claudette Werleigh | File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti | Prime Minister | 7 November 1995 | 27 February 1996 | 112 days | Head of government | ||
Sheikh Hasina | File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh | Prime Minister | 23 June 1996 | 15 July 2001 | 5 years, 22 days | Head of government | Executive | |
6 January 2009 | 5 August 2024 | 15 years, 212 days | ||||||
Ruth Perry | File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia | Chairwoman of the Council of State | 3 September 1996 | 2 August 1997 | 333 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Rosalía Arteaga | File:Flag of Ecuador (1900–2009).svg Ecuador | President | 9 February 1997 | 11 February 1997 | 2 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Mary McAleese | File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland | President | 11 November 1997 | 10 November 2011 | 13 years, 364 days | Head of state | ||
Jenny Shipley | File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Prime Minister | 8 December 1997 | 10 December 1999 | 2 years, 2 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Janet Jagan | File:Flag of Guyana.svg Guyana | President | 19 December 1997 | 11 August 1999 | 1 year, 235 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga | File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia | President | 8 July 1999 | 8 July 2007 | 8 years | Head of state | ||
Mireya Moscoso | File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama | President | 1 September 1999 | 1 September 2004 | 5 years | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Helen Clark | File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Prime Minister | 10 December 1999 | 19 November 2008 | 8 years, 350 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Tarja Halonen | File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | President | 1 March 2000 | 1 March 2012 | 12 years | Head of state | ||
Gloria Macapagal Arroyo | File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines | President | 20 January 2001 | 30 June 2010 | 9 years, 161 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Mame Madior Boye | File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal | Prime Minister | 3 March 2001 | 4 November 2002 | 1 year, 246 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Megawati Sukarnoputri | File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia | President | 23 July 2001 | 20 October 2004 | 3 years, 89 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Maria das Neves | File:Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg São Tomé and Príncipe | Prime Minister | 3 October 2002 | 18 September 2004 | 1 year, 351 days | Head of government | ||
Anneli Jäätteenmäki | File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | Prime Minister | 17 April 2003 | 24 June 2003 | 68 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Yulia Tymoshenko | File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine | Prime Minister | 24 January 2005 | 6 September 2005 | 225 days | Head of government | Executive | |
18 December 2007 | 3 March 2010 | 2 years, 75 days | ||||||
Maria do Carmo Silveira | File:Flag of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg São Tomé and Príncipe | Prime Minister | 8 June 2005 | 21 April 2006 | 317 days | Head of government | ||
Angela Merkel | File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany | Chancellor | 22 November 2005 | 8 December 2021 | 16 years, 16 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf | File:Flag of Liberia.svg Liberia | President | 16 January 2006 | 22 January 2018 | 12 years, 6 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Michelle Bachelet | File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile | President | 11 March 2006 | 11 March 2010 | 4 years | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
11 March 2014 | 11 March 2018 | 4 years | ||||||
Portia Simpson-Miller | File:Flag of Jamaica.svg Jamaica | Prime Minister | 30 March 2006 | 11 September 2007 | 1 year, 165 days | Head of government | Executive | |
5 January 2012 | 3 March 2016 | 4 years, 58 days | ||||||
Pratibha Patil | File:Flag of India.svg India | President | 25 July 2007 | 25 July 2012 | 5 years | Head of state | ||
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner | File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina | President | 10 December 2007 | 10 December 2015 | 8 years | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Zinaida Greceanîi | File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova | Prime Minister | 31 March 2008 | 14 September 2009 | 1 year, 167 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Michèle Pierre-Louis | File:Flag of Haiti.svg Haiti | Prime Minister | 5 September 2008 | 11 November 2009 | 1 year, 67 days | Head of government | ||
Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir | File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | Prime Minister | 1 February 2009 | 23 May 2013 | 4 years, 111 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Jadranka Kosor | File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia | Prime Minister | 6 July 2009 | 23 December 2011 | 2 years, 170 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Dalia Grybauskaitė | File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania | President | 12 July 2009 | 12 July 2019 | 10 years | Head of state | ||
Roza Otunbayeva | File:Flag of Kyrgyzstan (1992-2023).svg Kyrgyzstan | President | 7 April 2010 | 1 December 2011 | 1 year, 238 days | Head of state | ||
Laura Chinchilla | File:Flag of Costa Rica (state).svg Costa Rica | President | 8 May 2010 | 8 May 2014 | 4 years | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Kamla Persad-Bissessar | File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago | Prime Minister | 26 May 2010 | 9 September 2015 | 5 years, 106 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Mari Kiviniemi | File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | Prime Minister | 22 June 2010 | 22 June 2011 | 1 year | Head of government | Executive | |
Julia Gillard | File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | Prime Minister | 24 June 2010 | 27 June 2013 | 3 years, 3 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Iveta Radičová | File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia | Prime Minister | 8 July 2010 | 4 April 2012 | 1 year, 271 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Dilma Rousseff | File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil | President | 1 January 2011 | 31 August 2016 Suspended 12 May 2016 |
5 years, 243 days 5 years, 139 days |
Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Cissé Mariam Kaïdama Sidibé | File:Flag of Mali.svg Mali | Prime Minister | 3 April 2011 | 22 March 2012 | 354 days | Head of government | ||
Atifete Jahjaga | File:Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo | President | 7 April 2011 | 7 April 2016 | 5 years | Head of state | ||
Yingluck Shinawatra | File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand | Prime Minister | 5 August 2011 | 7 May 2014 | 2 years, 275 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Helle Thorning-Schmidt | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | Prime Minister | 3 October 2011 | 28 June 2015 | 3 years, 268 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Joyce Banda | File:Flag of Malawi.svg Malawi | President | 7 April 2012 | 31 May 2014 | 2 years, 54 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Park Geun-hye | File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | President | 25 February 2013 | 10 March 2017 Suspended 9 December 2016 |
4 years, 13 days 3 years, 288 days |
Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Alenka Bratušek | File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia | Prime Minister | 20 March 2013 | 18 September 2014 | 1 year, 182 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Tatiana Turanskaya | File:Flag of Transnistria (state).svg Transnistria[lower-alpha 5] | Prime Minister | 10 June 2013 | 13 October 2015 | 2 years, 125 days | Head of government | Executive | |
30 November 2015 | 2 December 2015 | 2 days | ||||||
Sibel Siber | File:Flag of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.svg Northern Cyprus[lower-alpha 6] | Prime Minister | 13 June 2013 | 2 September 2013 | 81 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Aminata Touré | File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal | Prime Minister | 1 September 2013 | 8 July 2014 | 310 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Erna Solberg | File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway | Prime Minister | 16 October 2013 | 14 October 2021 | 7 years, 363 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Laimdota Straujuma | File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia | Prime Minister | 22 January 2014 | 11 February 2016 | 2 years, 20 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Catherine Samba-Panza | File:Flag of the Central African Republic.svg Central African Republic | President | 23 January 2014 | 30 March 2016 | 2 years, 67 days | Head of state | Executive | |
Marie-Louise Coleiro Preca | File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | President | 4 April 2014 | 4 April 2019 | 5 years | Head of state | ||
Ewa Kopacz | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Prime Minister | 22 September 2014 | 16 November 2015 | 1 year, 55 days | Head of government | ||
Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović | File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia | President | 19 February 2015 | 18 February 2020 | 4 years, 364 days | Head of state | ||
Ameenah Gurib-Fakim | File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius | President | 5 June 2015 | 23 March 2018 | 2 years, 291 days | Head of state | ||
Bidya Devi Bhandari | File:Flag of Nepal.svg Nepal | President | 29 October 2015 | 13 March 2023 | 7 years, 135 days | Head of state | ||
Beata Szydło | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Prime Minister | 16 November 2015 | 11 December 2017 | 2 years, 25 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Hilda Heine | File:Flag of the Marshall Islands.svg Marshall Islands | President | 28 January 2016 | 14 January 2020 | 3 years, 351 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
3 January 2024 | Incumbent | 1 year, 7 days | ||||||
Aung San Suu Kyi | File:Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar | State Counsellor | 6 April 2016 | 1 February 2021 | 4 years, 301 days | De facto head of government |
De facto Executive | |
Tsai Ing-wen | File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan | President | 20 May 2016 | 20 May 2024 | 8 years, 0 days | Head of state | Executive | |
Theresa May | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | Prime Minister | 13 July 2016 | 24 July 2019 | 3 years, 11 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Kersti Kaljulaid | File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia | President | 10 October 2016 | 11 October 2021 | 5 years, 1 day | Head of state | ||
Ana Brnabić | File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia | Prime Minister | 29 June 2017 | 20 March 2024 | 6 years, 265 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Halimah Yacob | File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore | President | 14 September 2017 | 14 September 2023 | 6 years, 0 days | Head of state | ||
Jacinda Ardern | File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Prime Minister | 26 October 2017 | 25 January 2023 | 5 years, 91 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Katrín Jakobsdóttir | File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | Prime Minister | 30 November 2017 | 9 April 2024 | 6 years, 131 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Viorica Dăncilă | File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania | Prime Minister | 29 January 2018 | 4 November 2019 | 1 year, 279 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Paula-Mae Weekes | File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago | President | 19 March 2018 | 20 March 2023 | 5 years, 1 day | Head of state | ||
Mia Mottley | File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados | Prime Minister | 25 May 2018 | Incumbent | 6 years, 230 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Sahle-Work Zewde | File:Flag of Ethiopia.svg Ethiopia | President | 25 October 2018 | 7 October 2024 | 5 years, 348 days | Head of state | ||
Salome Zourabichvili | File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia | President | 16 December 2018 | Incumbent | 6 years, 25 days | Head of state | ||
Brigitte Bierlein | File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | Chancellor | 3 June 2019 | 7 January 2020 | 218 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Maia Sandu | File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova | Prime Minister | 8 June 2019 | 14 November 2019 | 159 days | Head of government | Executive | |
President | 24 December 2020 | Incumbent | 4 years, 17 days | Head of state | ||||
Zuzana Čaputová | File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia | President | 15 June 2019 | 15 June 2024 | 5 years, 0 days | Head of state | ||
Mette Frederiksen | File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark | Prime Minister | 27 June 2019 | Incumbent | 5 years, 197 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Sophie Wilmès | File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium | Prime Minister | 27 October 2019 | 1 October 2020 | 340 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Jeanine Áñez | File:Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg Bolivia | President | 12 November 2019 | 8 November 2020 | 362 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Sanna Marin | File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland | Prime Minister | 10 December 2019 | 20 June 2023 | 3 years, 192 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Katerina Sakellaropoulou | File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece | President | 13 March 2020 | Incumbent | 4 years, 303 days | Head of state | ||
Rose Christiane Raponda | File:Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon | Prime Minister | 16 July 2020 | 9 January 2023 | 2 years, 177 days | Head of government | ||
Victoire Tomegah Dogbé | File:Flag of Togo (3-2).svg Togo | Prime Minister | 28 September 2020 | Incumbent | 4 years, 104 days | Head of government | ||
Ingrida Šimonytė | File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania | Prime Minister | 11 December 2020 | Incumbent | 4 years, 30 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Kaja Kallas | File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia | Prime Minister | 26 January 2021 | 23 July 2024 | 3 years, 179 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Samia Suluhu Hassan | File:Flag of Tanzania.svg Tanzania | President | 19 March 2021 | Incumbent | 3 years, 297 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Vjosa Osmani | File:Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo | President | 4 April 2021 | Incumbent | 3 years, 281 days | Head of state | ||
Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa | File:Flag of Samoa.svg Samoa | Prime Minister | 24 May 2021 | Incumbent | 3 years, 231 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Natalia Gavrilița | File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova | Prime Minister | 6 August 2021 | 16 February 2023 | 1 year, 194 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Najla Bouden | File:Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia | Prime Minister | 11 October 2021 | 2 August 2023 | 1 year, 295 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Sandra Mason | File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados | President | 30 November 2021 | Incumbent | 3 years, 41 days | Head of state | ||
Magdalena Andersson | File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden | Prime Minister | 30 November 2021 | 18 October 2022 | 322 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Xiomara Castro | File:Flag of Honduras.svg Honduras | President | 27 January 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 349 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Katalin Novák | File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary | President | 10 May 2022 | 26 February 2024 | 1 year, 292 days | Head of state | ||
Élisabeth Borne | File:Flag of France.svg France | Prime Minister | 16 May 2022 | 9 January 2024 | 1 year, 238 days | Head of government | ||
Droupadi Murmu | File:Flag of India.svg India | President | 25 July 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 169 days | Head of state | ||
Liz Truss | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | Prime Minister | 6 September 2022 | 25 October 2022 | 49 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Giorgia Meloni | File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy | Prime Minister | 22 October 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 80 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Dina Boluarte | File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru | President | 7 December 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 34 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Nataša Pirc Musar | File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia | President | 23 December 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 18 days | Head of state | ||
Borjana Krišto | File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina | Chairwoman of the Council of Ministers | 25 January 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 351 days | Head of government | ||
Christine Kangaloo | File:Flag of Trinidad and Tobago.svg Trinidad and Tobago | President | 20 March 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 296 days | Head of state | ||
Evika Siliņa | File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia | Prime Minister | 15 September 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 117 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Sylvanie Burton | File:Flag of Dominica (1978–1981).svg Dominica | President | 2 October 2023 | Incumbent | 1 year, 100 days | Head of state | ||
Myriam Spiteri Debono | File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta | President | 4 April 2024 | Incumbent | 281 days | Head of state | ||
Gordana Siljanovska-Davkova | File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia | President | 12 May 2024 | Incumbent | 243 days | Head of state | ||
Judith Suminwa | File:Flag of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.svg Democratic Republic of the Congo | Prime Minister | 12 June 2024 | Incumbent | 212 days | Head of government | ||
Halla Tómasdóttir | File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland | President | 1 August 2024 | Incumbent | 162 days | Head of state | ||
Paetongtarn Shinawatra | File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand | Prime Minister | 16 August 2024 | Incumbent | 147 days | Head of government | Executive | |
Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo | File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico | President | 1 October 2024 | Incumbent | 101 days | Head of state and government |
Executive | |
Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah | File:Flag of Namibia.svg Namibia | President | 21 March 2025 | Elected | −64 days | Head of state and government |
Executive |
Notes:
- ↑ Since 1978, Prime Ministers of Sri Lanka are no longer heads of government.
Elected or appointed acting female chief executives
This list includes women elected or appointed in an acting capacity, wherein they assumed a vacated office on a temporary basis.
Name | Portrait | Country | Office | Mandate start | Mandate end | Term length | Head of state or government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sükhbaataryn Yanjmaa | File:Flag of the People's Republic of Mongolia (1945-1992).svg Mongolia | Acting Chairman of the Presidium of the State Great Khural |
7 September 1953 | 7 July 1954 | 303 days | Head of state | |
Soong Ching-ling | File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China | Acting Co-Chairperson | 31 October 1968 | 24 April 1972 | 3 years, 176 days | Head of state | |
Acting Chairperson | 6 July 1976 | 5 March 1978 | 1 year, 242 days | ||||
Carmen Pereira | File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau | Acting President | 14 May 1984 | 16 May 1984 | 2 days | Head of state | |
Sylvie Kinigi | File:Flag of Burundi.svg Burundi | Acting President | 27 October 1993 | 5 February 1994 | 101 days | Head of state | |
Reneta Indzhova | File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria | Acting Prime Minister | 17 October 1994 | 25 January 1995 | 100 days | Head of government | |
Irena Degutienė | File:Flag of Lithuania (1988-2004).svg Lithuania | Acting Prime Minister | 4 May 1999 | 18 May 1999 | 14 days | Head of government | |
27 October 1999 | 3 November 1999 | 7 days | |||||
Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa | File:Flag of Mongolia.svg Mongolia | Acting Prime Minister | 22 July 1999 | 30 July 1999 | 8 days | Head of government | |
Nino Burjanadze | File:Flag of Georgia (1990–2004).svg Georgia | Acting President | 23 November 2003 | 25 January 2004 | 63 days | Head of state | |
File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia | 25 November 2007 | 20 January 2008 | 56 days | ||||
Barbara Prammer | File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | Co-Acting President | 6 July 2004 | 8 July 2004 | 2 days | Head of state | |
Radmila Šekerinska | File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg Macedonia | Acting Prime Minister | 12 May 2004 | 12 June 2004 | 31 days | Head of government | |
3 November 2004 | 15 December 2004 | 42 days | |||||
Dalia Itzik | File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel | Acting President | 25 January 2007 | 15 July 2007 | 171 days | Head of state | |
Ivy Matsepe-Casaburri | File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa | Acting President | 25 September 2005 | 14 hours[9][10] | Head of state and government | ||
Rose Francine Rogombé | File:Flag of Gabon.svg Gabon | Acting President | 10 June 2009 | 16 October 2009 | 128 days | Head of state | |
Cécile Manorohanta | File:Flag of Madagascar.svg Madagascar | Acting Prime Minister | 18 December 2009 | 20 December 2009 | 2 days | Head of government | |
Adiato Djaló Nandigna | File:Flag of Guinea-Bissau.svg Guinea-Bissau | Acting Prime Minister | 10 February 2012 | 12 April 2012 | 62 days | Head of government | |
Monique Ohsan Bellepeau | File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Mauritius | Acting President | 31 March 2012 | 21 July 2012 | 112 days | Head of state | |
29 May 2015 | 5 June 2015 | 7 days | |||||
Slavica Đukić Dejanović | File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia | Acting President | 5 April 2012 | 31 May 2012 | 56 days | Head of state | |
Julie Bishop | File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | Acting Prime Minister | 20 December 2014 | 16 January 2015 | 27 days | Deputy Prime Minister | |
Natalia Gherman | File:Flag of Moldova.svg Moldova | Acting Prime Minister | 22 June 2015 | 30 July 2015 | 38 days | Head of government | |
Vassiliki Thanou | File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece | Acting Prime Minister | 27 August 2015 | 21 September 2015 | 25 days | Head of government | |
Maya Parnas | File:Flag of Transnistria (state).svg Transnistria[lower-alpha 5] | Acting Prime Minister | 13 October 2015 | 30 November 2015 | 48 days | Head of government | |
2 December 2015 | 23 December 2015 | 21 days | |||||
Doris Bures | File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria | Co-Acting President of the National Council | 8 July 2016 | 26 January 2017 | 202 days | Head of state | |
Julie Bishop | File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia | Acting Prime Minister | 21 September 2018 | 23 October 2018 | 32 days | Deputy Prime Minister | |
Đặng Thị Ngọc Thịnh | File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam | Acting President | 21 September 2018 | 23 October 2018 | 32 days | Head of state | |
Vjosa Osmani | File:Flag of Kosovo.svg Kosovo | Acting President | 5 November 2020 | 22 March 2021 | 137 days | Head of state | |
Maya Tskitishvili | File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia | Acting Prime Minister | 18 February 2021 | 22 February 2021 | 4 days | Head of government | |
Võ Thị Ánh Xuân | File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam | Acting President | 18 January 2023 | 2 March 2023 | 43 days | Head of state | |
21 March 2024 | 22 May 2024 | 62 days | |||||
Claudia Rodríguez de Guevara | File:Flag of El Salvador.svg El Salvador | Acting President | 1 December 2023 | 1 June 2024 | 183 days | Head of state |
Female members of collective head-of-state bodies
Name | Portrait | Country | Office | Mandate start | Mandate end | Term length | Head of state or government |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alexandra Kollontai | File:Flag of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1918–1925).svg Soviet Russia | Member of the Council of People's Commissars | 26 October 1917 | 23 February 1918 | 120 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Nadezhda Krupskaya | File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1936 – 1955).svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 12 December 1937 | 27 February 1939 | 1 year, 77 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Klavdiya Nikolayeva | File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1936 – 1955).svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 12 December 1937 | 10 February 1946 | 8 years, 60 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Anna Pankratova | File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1936 – 1955).svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 14 March 1954 | 25 May 1957 | 3 years, 41 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Yekaterina Furtseva | File:Flag of the Soviet Union (1936 – 1955).svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 12 March 1950 | 18 April 1962 | 12 years, 6 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Alicja Musiałowa-Afanasjew | File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland | Member of the Council of State | 20 November 1952 | 24 June 1965 | 12 years, 216 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Yadgar Nasriddinova | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 24 March 1959 | 25 September 1970 | 11 years, 154 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Luise Ermisch | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 12 September 1960 | 13 November 1963 | 3 years, 62 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Irmgard Neumann | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 12 September 1960 | 13 November 1963 | 3 years, 62 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Tursunoy Akhunova | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 18 April 1962 | 16 June 1974 | 12 years, 59 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Lieselott Herforth | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 13 November 1963 | 25 June 1981 | 17 years, 224 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Else Merke | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 13 November 1963 | 26 November 1971 | 8 years, 13 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Brunhilde Hanke | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 19 November 1964 | 5 April 1990 | 25 years, 137 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Anni Neumann | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 19 November 1964 | 26 November 1971 | 7 years, 7 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Eugenia Krassowska-Jodłowska | File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland | Member of the Council of State | 24 June 1965 | 28 March 1972 | 6 years, 278 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Zoya Pukhova | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 12 June 1966 | 25 May 1989 | 22 years, 347 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Maria Schneider | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 13 July 1967 | 26 November 1971 | 4 years, 136 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Margarete Müller | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 26 November 1971 | 11 January 1990 | 18 years, 46 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Ilse Thiele | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 26 November 1971 | 11 January 1990 | 18 years, 46 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Rosel Walther | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 26 November 1971 | 5 April 1990 | 18 years, 130 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Halina Koźniewska | File:Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Poland | Member of the Council of State | 28 March 1972 | 2 April 1980 | 8 years, 5 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Valentina Tereshkova | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | June 1974 | March or April 1989 | c. 14 years | Member of the collective head of state | |
Rimma Gavrilova | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 16 June 1974 | 4 March 1984 | 9 years, 293 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Kamshat Donenbaeva | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 16 June 1974 | 25 May 1989 | 14 years, 343 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Eugenia Kempara | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Member of the Council of State | 18 December 1976 | 6 November 1985 | 8 years, 323 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Yekaterina Mukhina | File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Soviet Union | Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet | 4 March 1979 | 4 March 1984 | 5 years, 0 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Violeta Chamorro | File:Flag of Nicaragua.svg Nicaragua | Member of the Junta of National Reconstruction | 18 July 1979 | 19 April 1980 | 276 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Krystyna Marszałek-Młyńczyk | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Member of the Council of State | 2 April 1980 | 23 March 1983 | 2 years, 355 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Maria Lea Pedini-Angelini | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 1981 | 1 October 1981 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Johanna Töpfer | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 25 June 1981 | 17 November 1989 | 8 years, 145 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Gloriana Ranocchini | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 1984 | 1 October 1984 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
1 October 1989 | 1 April 1990 | 182 days | |||||
Elisabeth Kopp | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 21 October 1984 | 12 January 1989 | 4 years, 83 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Elżbieta Gacek | File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland | Member of the Council of State | 6 November 1985 | 17 June 1988 | 2 years, 224 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Monika Werner | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 16 June 1986 | 5 April 1990 | 3 years, 293 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Eveline Klett | File:Flag of East Germany.svg East Germany | Member of the State Council | 16 June 1986 | 5 April 1990 | 3 years, 293 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Edda Ceccoli | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 1991 | 1 April 1992 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Biljana Plavšić | Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina | Serb Member of the Presidency | 1 March 1992 | 9 April 1992 | 39 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Tatjana Ljujić-Mijatović[11] | File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina (1992–1998).svg Bosnia and Herzegovina | Serb Member of the Presidency | 24 December 1992 | 5 October 1996 | 3 years, 286 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Ruth Dreifuss | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 April 1993 | 31 December 2002 | 9 years, 296 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Patrizia Busignani | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 1993 | 1 October 1993 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Ruth Metzler | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 January 1999 | 31 December 2003 | 4 years, 364 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Rosa Zafferani | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 1999 | 1 October 1999 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
1 April 2008 | 1 October 2008 | 183 days | |||||
Maria Domenica Michelotti | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2000 | 1 October 2000 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Micheline Calmy-Rey | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 January 2003 | 31 December 2011 | 8 years, 364 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Valeria Ciavatta | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2003 | 1 April 2004 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
1 April 2014 | 1 October 2014 | 183 days | |||||
Fausta Morganti | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2005 | 1 October 2005 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Doris Leuthard | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 August 2006 | 31 December 2018 | 12 years, 152 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Eveline Widmer-Schlumpf | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 January 2008 | 31 December 2015 | 7 years, 364 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Assunta Meloni | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2008 | 1 April 2009 | 182 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Simonetta Sommaruga | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 November 2010 | 31 December 2022 | 12 years, 60 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Maria Luisa Berti | File:Flag of San Marino (1862–2011).svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2011 | 1 October 2011 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | 1 October 2022 | 1 April 2023 | 182 days | ||||
Denise Bronzetti | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2012 | 1 April 2013 | 182 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Antonella Mularoni | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2013 | 1 October 2013 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Anna Maria Muccioli | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2013 | 1 April 2014 | 182 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Lorella Stefanelli | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2015 | 1 April 2016 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Mimma Zavoli | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2017 | 1 October 2017 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Vanessa D'Ambrosio | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2017 | 1 October 2017 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Karin Keller-Sutter | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 January 2019 | Incumbent | 6 years, 9 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Viola Amherd | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 January 2019 | Incumbent | 6 years, 9 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Aisha Musa el-Said[12] | File:Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan | Member of the Sovereignty Council | 21 August 2019 | 21 May 2021[13] | 1 year, 273 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Raja Nicola | File:Flag of Sudan.svg Sudan | Member of the Sovereignty Council | 21 August 2019 | Incumbent[14] | 5 years, 142 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Mariella Mularoni | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2019 | 1 April 2020 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Grazia Zafferani | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2020 | 1 October 2020 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Željka Cvijanović | File:Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina.svg Bosnia and Herzegovina | Serb Member of the Presidency | 16 November 2022 | Incumbent | 2 years, 55 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Élisabeth Baume-Schneider | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | Member of the Swiss Federal Council | 1 January 2023 | Incumbent | 2 years, 9 days | Member of the collective head of state and government | |
Adele Tonnini | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2023 | 1 October 2023 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Milena Gasperoni | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 April 2024 | 1 October 2024 | 183 days | Member of the collective head of state | |
Francesca Civerchia | File:Flag of San Marino.svg San Marino | Captain Regent | 1 October 2024 | Incumbent | 101 days | Member of the collective head of state |
Female viceregal representatives
Below are women who have been appointed representatives of heads of state, such as female governors-general and French representatives of Andorra. As governors-general are appointed representatives of the monarch of the Commonwealth realms (currently Charles III) and the French Representatives of Andorra are appointed representatives of the French Co-Prince of Andorra (currently Emmanuel Macron), they act as heads of state and carry out on a regular basis the functions and duties associated with such a role in the Commonwealth realms (excluding the United Kingdom, which has no governor-general, as the monarch of the Commonwealth realms primarily resides there) and Andorra, respectively.
Acting female viceregal representatives
This list includes women appointed as viceregal representatives in an acting capacity, wherein they assumed a vacated office on a temporary basis.
Name | Portrait | Country | Office | Mandate start | Mandate end | Term length |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sian Elias | File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Administrator of the Government (Acting Governor-General) |
22 March 2001 | 4 April 2001 | 13 days | |
4 August 2006 | 23 August 2006 | 19 days | ||||
23 August 2011 | 31 August 2011 | 8 days | ||||
31 August 2016 | 28 September 2016 | 28 days | ||||
Monica Dacon | File:Flag of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.svg Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Acting Governor-General | 3 June 2002 | 2 September 2002 | 91 days | |
Sandra Mason | File:Flag of Barbados.svg Barbados | Acting Governor-General | 30 May 2012 | 1 June 2012 | 2 days | |
Teniku Talesi Honolulu | File:Flag of Tuvalu.svg Tuvalu | Acting Governor-General | 22 August 2019 | 15 January 2021 | 1 year, 146 days | |
Helen Winkelmann | File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand | Administrator of the Government (Acting Governor-General) |
28 September 2021 | 21 October 2021 | 23 days |
See also
- Women in government
- Council of Women World Leaders
- List of elected and appointed female deputy heads of state
- List of elected and appointed female deputy heads of government
- List of the first women heads of state and government in Muslim-majority countries
- List of Muslim women heads of state and government
- List of female monarchs
Notes
- ↑ Heads of government of constitutional monarchies without a vice-regal representative are included.
- ↑ As of 2024, there is one female monarch of a sovereign state, Ntfombi of Eswatini (as Queen Mother and co-head of state with her son, King Mswati III).
- ↑ Tannu Tuva was a partially recognized state which existed between 1921 and 1944. Only the Soviet Union and Mongolia recognized its independence, and it was later absorbed into the Soviet Union in 1944.
- ↑ Transkei was a partially recognized state which existed between 1976 and 1994. The only United Nations member state that recognized its independence was South Africa, and it was later reabsorbed into South Africa in 1994.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Transnistria is an unrecognized state which declared its independence in 1990. It does not have any international recognition as an independent nation by United Nations member states, and is considered by the international community to be part of the Republic of Moldova.
- ↑ Northern Cyprus is a partially recognized de facto state. Only Turkey recognizes its independence, while the remainder of the international community considers it to be part of the Republic of Cyprus.
References
- ↑ "Khertek Anchimaa Toka: the world's first female head of state". The Times. 2 December 2008. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2008.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "6 of the First Women Heads of State". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
- ↑ "From the archive, 22 July 1960: Sri Lanka elects world's first woman prime minister". From the Guardian archive. Archived from the original on 24 August 2013. Retrieved 22 July 2013.
- ↑ Cords, Suzanne (4 February 2021). "Isabel Peron turns 90". Deutsche Welle. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
- ↑ Einarsdóttir, Gréta Sigríður (15 April 2020). "Vigdís Finnbogadóttir's 90th Birthday". Iceland Review. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023. Retrieved 16 April 2020.
- ↑ Burns, John F. (28 December 2007). "Benazir Bhutto, 54, Who Weathered Pakistan's Political Storm for 3 Decades, Dies". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 8 February 2023. Retrieved 29 December 2007.
- ↑ Khan, M Ilyas (21 June 2018). "Ardern and Bhutto: Two different pregnancies in power". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 June 2018. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
- ↑ "Survey: Sheikh Hasina tops as longest serving female leader in world". Dhaka Tribune. 11 September 2019. Retrieved 12 September 2019.
- ↑ "No wars, no drama for Matsepe-Casaburri". IOL News. 26 September 2005. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
- ↑ Chikane, Frank (28 April 2012). "Emotional farewell as Mbeki holds last cabinet meeting". Daily Nation. Retrieved 12 November 2019.
- ↑ "Institucije BiH u periodu 1992-1996: Ko su bili članovi Predsjedništva, premijeri i ministri RBiH". Faktor.ba (in bosanski). 22 May 2017. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
- ↑ "FFC finally agree on nominees for Sudan's Sovereign Council". Sudan Tribune. 20 August 2019. Archived from the original on 20 August 2019. Retrieved 20 August 2019.
- ↑ "Woman on Sudan's ruling council quits, saying civilians are being ignored". Reuters. 22 May 2021.
- ↑ The council was briefly dissolved from October to November 2021 as a result of the 2021 Sudan coup d'état. Nicola was restored to her position after the council was reconstituted in November. Source: "Sudan coup leader restores restructured Sovereignty Council". Radio Dabanga. Khartoum. 11 November 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2023.
External links
- List of Current Women Heads of State
- Women Heads of State
- Women Presidents and Women Governors-General (Zárate's Political Collections)
- Council of Women World Leaders
- Female Presidents