First women admitted to degrees at the University of Oxford

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The building of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University
The main quad of Somerville College, Oxford University
The building of St. Hugh's College, Oxford University
First women's colleges at Oxford (l to r): Lady Margaret Hall, founded in 1879; Somerville College, founded in 1879; and St Hugh's College, founded in 1886

In 1920, the University of Oxford admitted women to degrees for the first time during the Michaelmas term. The conferrals took place at the Sheldonian Theatre on 14 October,[1] 26 October,[2] 29 October,[3] 30 October[4] and 13 November.[5] That same year, on 7 October, women also became eligible for admission as full members of the university.[6] Before 1920, it is estimated that around 4,000 women studied at Oxford since the opening of the university's first women's colleges in 1879.[7] One graduate was Annie Rogers, who took undergraduate exams in 1875 and 1877 and was finally given a degree in 1920, when she was 64 years old.[8] The last survivor of the first conferral ceremony was Constance Savery, who died at the age of 101 in 1999.[9]

History

A group photo of young Victorian women.
First women students at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, c. 1879

For the first six centuries of its existence, the University of Oxford was only open to male students. In 1873, Annie Rogers sat for the Oxford school examination and came out on top, automatically qualifying for an exhibition at Balliol or Worcester College. However, when the university realised she was female, they rescinded her offer and her place was given to the boy who had come sixth in the tests. Balliol College gave her volumes of Homer as a consolation prize.[8] In response to the controversy caused by Rogers' story, the university passed a statute in 1875 allowing its Delegacy for Local Examinations to set examinations for women at roughly undergraduate level;[10] Rogers was able to sit these examinations, giving her the equivalent of first-class marks in Classics in 1877 and Ancient History in 1879.[11] In 1873 a committee was formed to organise "Lectures for Ladies" by university dons in Oxford. It was also possible to take tests and use the university's Bodleian Library.[12]: 233–234  In June 1878, an Association for the Education of Women (AEW) was formed in Oxford, including members of the "Lectures for Ladies", to organise courses of lectures leading to examinations.[12]: 247–248  Because of religious differences, two halls of residence were opened in 1879 by separate committees: the Anglican Lady Margaret Hall and the nondenominational Somerville Hall[12]: 245–248  From 1879, there were also a number of students not living in halls, who were given the name of the Society of Oxford Home-Students in 1898 (later renamed to St Anne's College in 1952).[13] Two more women's colleges would open before 1900: St Hugh's Hall in 1886 and St Hilda's Hall in 1893.[12]: 250  Over time, the halls and the home students took on their own tutors and adopted the name college.[13] In 1910 the halls and the home students became "recognised societies" of the university and in 1920 "societies of women students".[14] From 1927 until 1957 there was a quota system which limited the number of students admitted to the women's societies.[15]: 233–234  They were only accepted as full colleges of the university in 1959.[16] At first, women students took examinations organised by the Delegacy for Local Examinations.[17] Eventually, they were allowed to sit for university examinations for B.A. courses through the delegacy, which awarded a certificate of completion rather than a degree.[18] By 1895, Oxford, the University of Cambridge and Trinity College Dublin were the only universities in the United Kingdom to deny women degrees. The first vote to give Oxford women degrees in 1896 was unsuccessful.[16] In response to the vote failure, the AEW began to issue a diploma listing the exams a student had passed at the end of her studies.[19] For a brief period in the early 1900s, some women received ad eundem degrees from Trinity College, which began admitting women in 1904 and had made this arrangement with the Oxbridge universities.[20] These women became known as "steamboat ladies" and, between 1904 and 1907 (when the arrangement ended), Trinity College granted degrees to 720 women educated at Oxbridge.[21]

"Oxford has recognised that she has daughters, and some day she will give to them, as to her sons, the right to bear her name and wear her gown."

The Times, November 1910.[16]

In November 1910, the University of Oxford established the Delegacy for Women Students. This was a huge step towards women being granted full membership, not least because the statute which established the Delegacy acknowledged women as Oxford members for the first time as well as the five women's colleges, with the University assuming formal control and supervision over them.[22] It would be another ten years before women were finally admitted as full members. The first matriculation ceremony was held in the Divinity School on 7 October 1920. The first degree ceremony followed at the Sheldonian Theatre on 14 October 1920. Between 1920 and 1921, a total of 1,159 women matriculated.[16]

Degree conferrals in 1920

Ordinary degrees

Black and white image of women wearing graduation robes, on their way to the degree conferral ceremony
Former women students returned to Oxford to receive their degrees, one week after women became eligible for admission as full members.

The University of Oxford awarded the following ordinary degrees to women between October and December 1920.[23] Master of Arts degrees are not included as it is not a separate qualification at Oxford. Two women each received two degrees and therefore appear twice.

List of women who received ordinary degrees
Name College Date Degree Article Ref.
Margery Annie Abrahams Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Margery Abrahams [23]: 134 
Sybil Ethel Abram Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Catherine Wise Spence Adams Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Gladys Ainslie St Hilda's Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Mrs Barbara Whitchurch Aitken Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts Barbara Freire-Marreco [23]: 179 
Mary Blanche Alder Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Marjorie Mason Anderson Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Ethelwyn Austin Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Mrs Gemma Bailey Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Frances Margaret Baker St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Gwendoline Marjorie Baker St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Joyce Mary Baker Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Marjorie Ball Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Dorothy Ballantyne Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Marjorie Maud Barber Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Katharine Eliza Barlow St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Marjorie Calvert Barnard Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mabel Lucy Barton Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Lucy Draffen Baynes Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Eleanor Beames St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Clementina Margaret Enid Benthall Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Mrs Lilian Bentley St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Emily Isobel Bishop St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Beatrice Mary Blackwood Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Beatrice Blackwood [23]: 134 
Eveline Blades St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Elsie Dorothy Bland Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dorothy Bond Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Phyllis Kessick Bowes Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Amy Emily Bowler St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Irene Margaret Brameld St Hilda's Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Marjorie Annie Brett Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Sarah Ethel Hilda Brewer Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Agnes Elisabeth Brewin Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Lucy Marian Bright St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Dorothy Kathleen Broster St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts D. K. Broster [23]: 74 
Charlotte Gwendoline Bruce St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Irene Dorothy Bryan Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Lucy Ridgely Buckler Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Margaret Elizabeth Bucknall Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Hilda Mary Burrows Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Kathleen Eleanor Buttle Byass Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Muriel St. Clare Byrne Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Muriel St. Clare Byrne [23]: 74 
Alice Mackenzie Cameron Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Edith Mary Campbell Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Florence Myrtle Campbell Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Hilda Mary Cann Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Margaret Monteith Carlyle Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Nina Hay Cave Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Phyllis Crawhall Challoner Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Kate Elsie Chester Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Olive Catherine Clapham Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts Olive Clapham [23]: 134 
Dorothy Mary Ogilvie Clark Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Elsa Bax Carlton Clark St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Nelly Payne Clark St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Maude Violet Clarke Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts Maude Clarke [23]: 179 
Susannah Lowell Clarke Society of Oxford Home-Students 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Mary Coate St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts Mary Coate [23]: 133 
Mrs Olive Mary Cockin Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Mary Frances Codd St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Georgina Rosalie Cole-Baker Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dorothy Josephine Collier Society of Oxford Home-Students 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Ethel Margaret Harker Collinson St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Marjorie Comins St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Marjorie Helen Fry Coney Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Celia Cook Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Margaret Blanche Corke St Hilda's Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Frances Nora Cornish Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Francis Geraldine Hailes Coster Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Letters [23]: 134 
Margaret Franklin Cotterell Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Mrs Maud Mary Danvers Cox Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Cicely Musgrave Craven St Hilda's Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts Cicely Craven [23]: 179 
Olive Mary Crawshay St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Edith Crichton St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Gladys Katherine Berkeley Crick Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dorothy Whitley Crook Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Celia Mabel Crosskey Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Mrs Dorothy Sybil Croxford Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Agnes Cuming Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Science Agnes Cuming [23]: 134 
Marianne Rose Dacombe St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Kathleen Marie Darnell St Hilda's Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Leila Mary Davies Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Hilda Sophia Davies-Colley Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Elsie Davis Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Rosamond Annie Carterette De Sausmarez Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Dorothée Eva de Zouche Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Helena Clara Deneke St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Helena Deneke [23]: 74 
Hilda Maud Denney Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Mrs Clara Dent Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Editha Kathleen Derrick St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Edith Margaret Robertson Ditmas Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts Edith Ditmas [23]: 233 
Phyllis Evelyn Dixon Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Eileen Theodora Dodd Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Auvergne Doherty Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts Auvergne Doherty [23]: 134 
Isabella Martha Drummond Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Elsie Kathleen East Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Gertrude Elizabeth Easton St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Charlotte Laetitia Edwards St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Kathleen Ada Edwards Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Una Mary Ellis-Fermor Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts Una Ellis-Fermor [23]: 179 
Henrietta Caroline Escreet Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dorothy Lois Esdaile Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Gwen Evans Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Joan Evans St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Letters Joan Evans (art historian) [23]: 74 
Theodora Marion Elizabeth Evans St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Elinor Katharine Ewbank Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts Elinor Ewbank [23]: 134 
Mrs Agnes Doris Field Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Jessie Hatch Flemming Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Edith Marjorie Fletcher Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Florence Rosalie Mary Flew Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Winifried Jessie Forrest St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Annie Mary Cecilia Forster Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Ethel Marjorie Foster Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Ruth Amy Frampton St Hilda's Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Una Mearns Fraser Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Ethel Hartley French Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Rosalind Mary Fynes-Clinton Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Kathleen Mary Gardiner Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Gwendolen Gardner St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Viola Garvin Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts Viola Garvin [23]: 179 
Edith Winifred Gerrard Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Barbara Currey Gibson Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Winifred Margaret Gibson Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Agnes Eugenia Giles St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Madeline Giles Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mary Lindsay Gordon St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Mary Lindsay Gordon St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Letters [23]: 265 
Sybil Maud Goulding Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Rose Graham Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Rose Graham (historian) [23]: 74 
Alice Gray Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Doris Eileen Grayfoot Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Winifred Mary Greenleaves Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Helen Gregory Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Winifred Marjorie Gross Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Ivy Clarissa Gumey Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Lois Gunnery St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Lilian Margaret Gunter Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Barbara Elizabeth Gwyer Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts Barbara Gwyer [23]: 232 
Jeanie Margaret Gwynne Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Phyllis Mary Gwynne St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mrs Jessie Kilburn Haarhoff Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Rhona Brunwin Hales Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Muriel Mary Josepha Hall St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Phyllis Stewart Harley Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Constance Myra Harris Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Edith May Harrison Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Frances Lilian Harrison Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Gertrude Clare Harrison Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Agnes Margaret Hart St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Innes Ruth Gray Hart St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Constance Margaret Hartnell Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Ethel Harvey Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Elsie Briant Hayward Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Emily Heath Heawood Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Nellie Gray Henderson Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Dora Margaret Hibgame Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Janet Maud Higginbotham St Hilda's Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Dorothea Frances Powles Hiley Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Gladys Hill Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Ethel Margaret Hirst St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Marjorie Berta Hobhouse Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Margaret Blanche Hobling Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Florence Reed Hodges Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Edith Hodgkinson Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Katharine Mary Hodgkinson Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Muriel Sibyl Holland St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Doris Jeanie Hollowell Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Miriam Margery Homersham St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Miriam Homersham [23]: 134 
Vivienne Cecilia Horne St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Alice Horsman Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Violet Edith Houghton St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Margery Christina Huckett Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dora Muriel Hudson Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Helen Campbell Hughes St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Margaret Horatia Catherine Hugo Society of Oxford Home-Students 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Dora Ibberson St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Constance Mary Irons Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Margaret Gladys Irwin St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Eileen Dorothy Ivelaw-Chapman Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Muriel Jaeger Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Muriel Jaeger [23]: 74 
Mrs Mary Gertrude Jeff Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Hilda Jennings St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts Hilda Jennings [23]: 134 
Helena Gwendoline Louisa John Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Dorothy Catherine Johnson Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Florence Edith Johnson Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Anne Farewell Jones Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Katharine Farewell Jones Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Leah Kay Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Leah L'Estrange Malone [23]: 74 
Eliza Mary Keen Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Margaret Kennedy Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Margaret Kennedy [23]: 134 
Mary Ethel King St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Clara Kirchberger Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts Clare Kirchberger [23]: 265 
Frances Irene Knowles St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mary Winefride Koe Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Emily Lawn Society of Oxford Home-Students 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Alice Mary Layman Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Beatrice Angela Leary Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Jessie Lyall Lee Strathy Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Edith Mabel Lucy Lees Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Margaret Mary Leigh Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts Margaret Leigh [23]: 133 
Hélène Lejeune Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Florence Margaret Jane Levett Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Alice Kathleen Lewis Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Mary Gaynor Lewis Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Katharine Mary Leys Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Hannah Lister Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Celia Mary Lloyd St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Eluned Clunes Lloyd Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Eluned Garmon Jones [23]: 134 
Dorothy Lodge Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Ida Marion Lord Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Mrs Rosalind Stewart Luffman Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Frances Grace Lupton Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Dorothy Hilda Denham Lyall Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Helena Norris Mack Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Elizabeth Kathleen Mackay Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Florence Annabella Macrae Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Florence Eleanor Malaher Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Phyllis Mary Marshall Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mary Evelyn Maurice St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dorothea Mavor Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Phyllis May St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Isobel Margaret Stewart McColl Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts Isobel Forrester [23]: 265 
Frances Ann McCurrich Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Enid Devoge McLeod St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts Enid McLeod [23]: 233 
Mrs Marjorie McNair Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Nancy Florence Melly Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Emily Middleton Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Anita Newton Miles Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Elizabeth Buchanan Mitchell Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Mary Wood Diack Mitchell Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Margaret Frances Moor Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Elinor Alice Moore Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Ethel Margaret Moore Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Gladys Mary Morgan St Hilda's Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Violet Cecil Murray St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Phyllis Bruce Muscott St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Elisabeth Daisy Nalder St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Nellie Neild Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Eleanor Sarah Nicholas St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Agnes Isabel Nolting Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Kathleen Muriel Nuttall Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Hilda Diana Oakeley Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Hilda D. Oakeley [23]: 134 
Nancy Barbara Ockenden Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Doris Maude Odlum St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts Doris Odlum [23]: 74 
Ermin Mary Theodora Oliver St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Constance Mary Ottley Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts Constance Ottley [23]: 134 
Annie Amy Myfanwy Owen Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Eluned Elizabeth Owen Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Margaret Christian Pantin Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Annie Hunton Park St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Constance Emily Parker Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Beatrice Gertrude Parrett St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Dorothea Annie Paton Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Winifred Mary Watson Paul St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Emily Frances Mary Peacey Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Stéphanie Peacock Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Sybil Alicia Pearson Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Elizabeth May Peet Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Dorothy Annie Allies Penny St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Isabel Lilian Perkin St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Doris Phillips Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Eleanor Addison Phillips St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts Eleanor Addison Phillips [23]: 133 
Ruth Leslie Phillips St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Gwladys Mary Pierce-Jones Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Ierne Arthur Lifford Plunket Society of Oxford Home-Students 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Marguerite Muriel Culpeper Pollard Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Letters [23]: 74 
Dorothy Joy Lane Poole Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Mary Winearls Porter Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Science Mary Winearls Porter [23]: 74 
Marguerite Potter Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Muriel Lucy Potter St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Katharine Grace Potts Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Annie Edwards Powell Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Mrs Evelyn Mary Stewart Prentis Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Hilda Frances Margaret Prescott Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts H. F. M. Prescott [23]: 265 
Phyllis Mary Price St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Dorothea Katherine Price Hughes Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts Hugh Price Hughes#Family [23]: 133 
Ethel Favell Priest-Shaw St Hugh's College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Evelyn Emma Stefanos Procter Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts Evelyn Procter [23]: 265 
Eileen Constance Purdon Society of Oxford Home-Students 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Helen Josephine Pybus Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Constance Elizabeth Raymont Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Phillis Redfern Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Constance Reid Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Marjorie Ross Rennie Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Marcia Alice Rice St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts Marcia Rice [23]: 133 
Nancy Doris Richards Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Evelyn Violet Elisabeth Rodd Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Lilian Constance Rogers St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Benedicta Jeannette Hanbury Rowe Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Silvia Laughland Roxburgh St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Louise Reiniera Jeanne Antoinette Royaards Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Agnes Russell Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Margaret Ellen Ryland Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Sybil Mary Ryland Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Dorothy Maud Sabin Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Anna Sandeman Society of Oxford Home-Students 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Edith Julia Sanders Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Helen Sanders Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Margaret Thérèse Saunders Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Constance Winifred Savery Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Constance Savery [23]: 74 
Dorothy Leigh Sayers Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Dorothy L. Sayers [23]: 74 
Margaret Rende Bryers Shaw St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Karen Margaret Shepherd Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Annie Beatrice Skevington Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Rosamund Isabel Skilbeck Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Charlotte Elizabeth Louisa Smith Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Edith Philip Smith Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Edith Philip Smith [23]: 74 
Mrs Elsie Muriel Smith Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Matilda Snow Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Constance Lilian Sowby St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Gladys Rebecca Sowels St Hilda's Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Beatrice Margaret Sparks St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Dorothy Spencer Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Eva Dykes Spicer Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Katharine Winifred Spikes Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Audrey Spink St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Claribel Spurling Society of Oxford Home-Students 30 October Bachelor of Arts Claribel Spurling [23]: 134 
Grace Mary Spurway St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Enid Gladys Stacey Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Alysoun Beatrice Staniforth St Hilda's Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Mrs Hilda Mary Stanton St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Enid Mary Starkie Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Enid Starkie [23]: 134 
Elsie Jackson Dawes Staveley St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Mrs Rachel Elizabeth Stead Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mrs Alice Margaret Stevenson Somerville College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Mrs Phoebe Maurice Stevenson Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Eveleen Emily Stopford St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Muriel Storr Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Harriet Jeanie Strange Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Mary Sturt Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts Mary Sturt [23]: 265 
Frances Mildred Swann Lady Margaret Hall 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Kathleen Mary Tanqueray Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Gertrude Winifred Taylor St Hilda's Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts Gertrude Winifred Taylor [23]: 133 
Margerie Venables Taylor Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts Margerie Venables Taylor [23]: 134 
Emilie Gabrielle Thackeray Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Edna Marie Thomas St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Eliza Mary Thomas St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Mrs Gwyneth Marjorie Thomson St Hugh's College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Gwyneth Bebb [23]: 74 
Sara Armstrong Thomson Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Joyce Clement Thornton Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Margaret Gertrude Stuart Tidey Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Una Helen Stuart Tilley Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Mrs Ella Ogilvy Tomes St Hilda's Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Dora Sloane Tomkinson Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Janet Phoebe Tree Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Muriel Marion Underhill Society of Oxford Home-Students 28 October Bachelor of Letters [23]: 133 
Emily Rosa West Unmack St Hugh's College 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Janet Mary Upcott Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Anna Mildred Veitch St Hilda's Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts Mildred Veitch [23]: 135 
Mrs Margaret Walker Somerville College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Elizabeth Annie Waller Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Violet Wallis Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Mary Ethelwyn Walton Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Evelyn Agnes Waters Lady Margaret Hall 28 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 133 
Helen Waters Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Ethel Mary Watkins Society of Oxford Home-Students 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Ethel Carrie Webb Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Gladys Evelyn Emerson Webb Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Frances Mary West Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Margaret Sarah White Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Enid Whitham Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Ruth Wild Lady Margaret Hall 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Mrs Agnes Muriel Wilde Lady Margaret Hall 14 October Bachelor of Arts Agnes Muriel Clay [23]: 74 
Rose Mackelcan Wildy St Hugh's College 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Doris Helen Wilkinson Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Edith Annie Willey Somerville College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Cicely Delphine Williams Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts Cicely Williams [23]: 74 
Ethel Carleton Williams Lady Margaret Hall 13 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 179 
Ivy Williams Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Ivy Williams Society of Oxford Home-Students 14 October Bachelor of Civil Law Ivy Williams [23]: 73 
Ellen Dorothea Margaret Winters Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 232 
Frances Sylvia Wolryche-Whitmore Somerville College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 134 
Winifred Woolley St Hugh's College 17 December Bachelor of Arts [23]: 265 
Mrs Lilian May Worthington Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 
Mary Wright Somerville College 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Mary St. John Wright St Hugh's College 30 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 135 
Mrs Rose Frances Wrightson Lady Margaret Hall 25 November Bachelor of Arts [23]: 233 
Helen Young Somerville College 14 October Bachelor of Arts [23]: 74 

Degrees by decree

A group photo of five women in silk gowns used in graduation ceremonies.
The principals of women's colleges at Oxford awarded degrees by decree, October 1920. L to R: Winifred Moberly, Emily Penrose, Bertha Johnson, Eleanor Jourdain, and Henrietta Jex-Blake

The University of Oxford awarded Master of Arts degrees by decree of convocation to the following principals and tutors of the women's colleges in October 1920.[23]

List of women who received degrees by decree
Name College Role Date Article Ref.
Ada E. Levett St Hilda's Hall
    • Vice-Principal
    • Tutor
26 October A. E. Levett [23]: 108 
Cecilia M. Ady St Hugh's College Tutor 26 October Cecilia Mary Ady [23]: 108 
Alice M. Bruce Somerville College
    • Vice-Principal
    • Tutor
26 October Alice Bruce [23]: 108 
Christina V. Butler Society of Oxford Home-Students Tutor 26 October C. Violet Butler [23]: 108 
Ruth F. Butler Society of Oxford Home-Students
    • Vice-Principal
    • Tutor
26 October [23]: 108 
Evelyn M. Jamison Lady Margaret Hall
    • Assistant Tutor
    • Librarian
26 October Evelyn Jamison [23]: 108 
Henrietta Jex-Blake St Hugh's College Principal 14 October Henrietta Jex-Blake [23]: 72 
Mrs Bertha Jane Johnson Society of Oxford Home-Students Principal 14 October Bertha Johnson [23]: 72 
Eleanor Frances Jourdain St Hugh's College Principal 14 October Eleanor Jourdain [23]: 72 
Jane W. Kirkaldy Somerville and St. Hugh's Colleges Tutor 26 October Jane Kirkaldy [23]: 108 
Margaret L. Lee Society of Oxford Home-Students Tutor 26 October [23]: 108 
Eleanor C. Lodge Lady Margaret Hall
    • Vice-Principal
    • Tutor
26 October Eleanor Lodge [23]: 108 
Hilda L. Lorimer Somerville College Tutor 26 October Hilda Lorimer [23]: 108 
Nora E. MacMunn Society of Oxford Home-Students Tutor 26 October [23]: 108 
Katherine S. H. McCutcheon Lady Margaret Hall Tutor 26 October [23]: 108 
Winifred Horsbrugh Moberly St Hilda's Hall Principal 14 October Winifred Moberly [23]: 72 
Emily Penrose Somerville College Principal 14 October Emily Penrose [23]: 72 
Mildred K. Pope Somerville College Tutor 26 October Mildred K. Pope [23]: 108 
Annie M. A. H. Rogers St Hugh's College Tutor 26 October Annie Rogers [23]: 108 
Margaret G. Skipworth Lady Margaret Hall Tutor 26 October [23]: 108 
Janet Spens Lady Margaret Hall Tutor 26 October Janet Spens [23]: 108 
Edith E. Wardale St Hugh's College Tutor 26 October Edith Wardale [23]: 108 

References

  1. "Degrees conferred at Oxford". Yorkshire Post. 15 October 1920.
  2. "MA Degree for Seventeen Women Tutors". Yorkshire Post. 27 October 1920.
  3. "University Intelligence: Oxford–Thursday. Conferment of Degrees". Yorkshire Post. 29 October 1920.
  4. "Oxford–Saturday. Degrees for Women". Yorkshire Post. 1 November 1920.
  5. "University Intelligence: Oxford–Saturday. Conferment of Degrees". Yorkshire Post. 15 November 1920.
  6. Handbook to the University of Oxford. Oxford University Press. 1965. p. 43. OCLC 123244725.
  7. "'They couldn't go on the river with a man on their own' – the changing lives of Oxford's female students". BBC. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  8. 8.0 8.1 "Annie Rogers (1856–1937)". St. Anne's College, Oxford. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  9. "Constance Savery". Bethlehem Books. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  10. Lannon, Frances (30 October 2008). "Her Oxford". Times Higher Education.
  11. Garnett, Jane; Whyte, William. "Women Making History: the centenary". University of Oxford. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 Brock, Michael G.; Curthoys, Mark C., eds. (2000). "10 'In Oxford but…not of Oxford': The Women's Colleges". The History of the University of Oxford, Vol. 7: Nineteenth-Century Oxford, Part 2. Oxford University Press. pp. 237–308. ISBN 978-0-19-951017-7.
  13. 13.0 13.1 "The University of Oxford's Women's Colleges". University of Oxford. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  14. "Somerville College, Woodstock Road". Kelly's Directory of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire (15th ed.). Kelly's Directories. 1939. p. 206. OCLC 1114787950.
  15. Harrison, Brian, ed. (2000). "13 Women". The History of the University of Oxford: Volume 8: The Twentieth Century. Oxford University Press. pp. 237–308. ISBN 978-0-19-822974-2.
  16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 "A Short History of Women's Education at the University of Oxford". University of Oxford. 14 October 2020. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  17. Howarth, Janet. "From Lectures for Ladies to University Examination". University of Oxford.
  18. "1894–1896". University of Oxford. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  19. "1896 Towards Degrees for Women". Somerville College, Oxford. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
  20. "Trinity Hall's Steamboat Ladies". Trinity News. 14 March 2012. Archived from the original on 12 December 2013. Retrieved 21 July 2024.
  21. Parkes, Susan M. (2004). A Danger To The Men?: A History of Women in Trinity College, Dublin 1904–2004. Lilliput Press. ISBN 978-1-84351-040-6.
  22. "1910: The Delegacy for Women Students was established". University of Oxford. Education and Activism: Women at Oxford, 1878–1920.
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Further reading

Articles

Books

External links