1980 Iowa highway transfer of jurisdiction
Iowa Primary Highway System | |
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System information | |
Notes | Primary highways in Iowa are generally state-maintained. |
Highway names | |
Interstates | Interstate X (I-X) |
US Highways | U.S. Highway X (US X) |
State | Highway X (IA X or Iowa X) |
System links | |
Beginning in 1979 and lasting through the early 1980s, a series of agreements between the Iowa Department of Transportation and individual county boards of supervisors led to a mass transfer of jurisdiction of several state highways in Iowa. County boards of supervisors were asked to convene functional classification boards in order to review the classification all of the highway miles within each respective county. Control of roads that were classified as trunk roads or trunk collector roads were transferred to the counties, while roads classified as arteries or arterial collectors were transferred to the state department of transportation. The vast majority of transfers took place in 1980.
Background
The 67th Iowa General Assembly passed a bill in 1978 that changed how the state department of transportation (DOT) classified highways and how they were funded throughout the state. The bill enacted an existing framework for county boards of supervisors to create reclassification boards that could appeal to a state board if certain changes to the road network were not satisfactory. The state's road use tax fund, which is the mechanism for allocating funds to the different levels of government for different levels of road, had both its inputs and outputs modified. The general fuel tax was raised from 7 to 8+1⁄2 cents per US gallon (1.8 to 2.2 ¢/L) for 1978 (equivalent to 33 to 40 cents per US gallon (8.7 to 10.6 ¢/L) in 2023), and to 10 ¢/US gal (2.6 ¢/L) for 1979 (equivalent to 42 ¢/US gal (11 ¢/L) in 2023).[1][2] The state was attempting to offset the effects the 1970s energy crisis and the 1973–75 recession which strained state budgets by reducing income due to reduced demand for gasoline and increasing inflation.[3] The idea was for the DOT to save operational money by offloading minor highways to the respective counties. In 1979, Iowa had the 9th largest public road system in the United States with over 113,000 miles (182,000 km) of roadways, 10,000 miles (16,000 km) of which were primary highways, comprising Interstate Highways, U.S. Highways, and state highways. State planners sought to offload nearly one-third of the primary system. Naturally, county officials, whose road budgets were similarly strained, balked at the idea.[4] The Iowa Code provided a manner for determining the class of a particular highway. Each county was to appoint a three-member board, one of whom was to be a state DOT employee, one a county engineer or supervisor, and the other a municipal leader chosen by a majority of mayors in the county. The board was to classify each mile of roads and streets in the county into one of twelve categories. Only three categories applied to primary highways–freeways and expressways, arterials, and arterial connectors. The freeway-expressway and arterial systems had limits on total mileage, 2,660 and 3,500 miles (4,280 and 5,630 km), respectively. The only other requirement of the reclassification boards was to ensure network continuity between counties.[5] Ultimately, these boards found about 1,000 miles (1,600 km) of minor highways that were on the primary system and 400 miles (640 km) of major highways on the secondary system.[4] County officials were not keen on the idea of taking over more highway miles from the state when their own road budgets were tight. Clarke County officials sued the state classification board when it suggested the county take over an 11-mile (18 km) portion of U.S. Highway 69 (US 69). They felt the DOT was attempting to dump unwanted highway miles, which were also in poor condition, on a county unwilling to accept them.[3] Some counties felt pressure to accept roads from the state that the DOT had not maintained adequately.[6] Grundy County had some success by reclassifying some roads slated for transfer, such as Iowa Highway 214 (Iowa 214) into Wellsburg. That highway was reclassified as an arterial collector extension, keeping in spirit with an agreement it had with the DOT to maintain the highway until "Interstate 520" was built.[7] Other counties had appeals heard at the DOT headquarters in Ames.[8] Construction of new highways, such as Interstate 380 (I-380) would cause a chain reaction in other state highways. It was predicted in 1979 that opening I-380 in the Cedar Rapids area would cause Iowa 150 to lose its status as a primary highway because the route ran roughly parallel to the planned Interstate Highway's corridor.[9] Indeed, when I-380 opened to traffic in 1984, Iowa 150 was rerouted away from Cedar Rapids over Iowa 101 to Vinton. One section of Iowa 150 along Collins Road in Cedar Rapids was still classified as an arterial connector; it became Iowa 100. One provision in the Iowa Code required whichever agency maintained a section of highway previously to either repair the highway in question or to pay an appropriate amount of money equal to the costs of repairing the road to the agency receiving the road.[10] In Johnson County, state and county officials had difficulty reaching an agreement on a former segment of Iowa 1, by then renumbered Iowa 979. County officials wanted the state to take over County Road W66 (CR W66) from I-80 to the west overlook of Coralville Lake. The state countered with an offer to pay to upgrade Iowa 979 as well as have the county take over three other highways in the county.[11] The two sides were not any closer 18 months later when the DOT was ready to open a new four-lane US 218 south of Iowa City.[12] The routes for which no agreement could be made were ultimately kept by the DOT and assigned new route numbers, as was the case with Iowa 979.
Routes removed
Lengths represent the distances removed from the state highway system
Routes added
Number | Length (mi)[14] | Length (km) | Southern or western terminus | Northern or eastern terminus | Formed | Removed | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
File:Elongated circle 79.svg Iowa 79 | 5.64 | 9.08 | Geode State Park | US 34 in Middletown | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Elongated circle 91.svg Iowa 91 | 4.64 | 7.47 | Iowa 9 in Lyon County | MN 91 at the Minnesota state line | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 100.svg Iowa 100 | 2.74[15] | 4.41 | I-380 in Cedar Rapids | US 151 in Cedar Rapids | 1984 | current | ||
File:Circle sign 102.svg Iowa 102 | 15.96 | 25.69 | Iowa 163 in Pella | US 63 / Iowa 146 in New Sharon | 1980 | current | ||
File:Circle sign 115.svg Iowa 115 | 1.24 | 2.00 | US 34 near Stanton | Viking Lake State Park | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 134.svg Iowa 134 | 1.75 | 2.82 | Beed's Lake State Park | Iowa 3 near Hampton | 1980 | 1987 | ||
File:Circle sign 142.svg Iowa 142 | 20.96 | 33.73 | Iowa 2 in Plano | Iowa 5 near Moravia | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 152.svg Iowa 152 | 1.34 | 2.16 | I-35 near Osceola | US 69 at Osceola | 1980 | 2014 | ||
File:Circle sign 186.svg Iowa 186 | 3.38 | 5.44 | Green Valley State Park | Iowa 25 in Creston | 1980 | 2001 | ||
File:Circle sign 192.svg Iowa 192 | 4.74 | 7.63 | I-29 / I-80 at Council Bluffs | I-29 at Council Bluffs | 1931 | 2017 | Was decommissioned in 1975, but restored in 1980 | |
File:Circle sign 243.svg Iowa 243 | 0.56 | 0.90 | Black Hawk Lake State Park | US 71 / Iowa 175 near Wall Lake | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 244.svg Iowa 244 | 0.68 | 1.09 | I-80 near Neola | Iowa 191 in Neola | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 362.svg Iowa 362 | 5.09 | 8.19 | Wilson State Park | I-29 at Loveland | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 394.svg Iowa 394 | 10.67 | 17.17 | Route B at St. Francisville, Mo. | US 218 near Donnellson | 1980 | 2005 | Replaced by Iowa 27 | |
File:Circle sign 403.svg Iowa 403 | 0.47 | 0.76 | SD 48 near Akron | Iowa 12 in Akron | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 428.svg Iowa 428 | 5.75 | 9.25 | Maquoketa Caves State Park | US 61 near Maquoketa | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 918.svg Iowa 918 | 1.12[15] | 1.80 | Iowa 16 near Eldon | Iowa 16 in Eldon | 1984 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 16 | |
File:Circle sign 919.svg Iowa 919 | 0.29[15] | 0.47 | Iowa 363 in Urbana | Walnut Street in Urbana | 1984 | 1995 | Former section of Iowa 363 | |
File:Circle sign 920.svg Iowa 920 | 12.61[15] | 20.29 | Center Point | Iowa 150 near Urbana | 1984 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 150 | |
File:Circle sign 921.svg Iowa 921 | 12.47[15] | 20.07 | Iowa 920 in Center Point | Hiawatha | 1984 | 1985 | Former section of Iowa 150 | |
File:Circle sign 922.svg Iowa 922 | 1.27[15] | 2.04 | US 61 in Muscatine | Iowa 22 in Muscatine | 1984 | 1986 | Former section of US 61; became part of an extended Iowa 38 | |
File:Circle sign 923.svg Iowa 923 | 4.52[16] | 7.27 | — | — | 1982 | 2003 | Former section of US 218; had three sections | |
File:Circle sign 925.svg Iowa 925 | 24.32 | 39.14 | I-80 / US 6 in Adair | US 6 near Dexter | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of US 6 | |
File:Circle sign 926.svg Iowa 926 | 6.63 | 10.67 | US 6 in Altoona | US 6 / Iowa 14 in Newton | 1980 | 1988 | Former section of US 6 | |
File:Circle sign 927.svg Iowa 927 | 19.02 | 30.61 | US 6 / Iowa 38 in Wilton | I-280 / US 6 near Davenport | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of US 6 | |
File:Circle sign 928.svg Iowa 928 | 17.15 | 27.60 | Iowa 17 near Webster City | CR D20 near Williams | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of US 20 | |
File:Circle sign 929.svg Iowa 929 | 0.79 | 1.27 | Murray city limits | Maple Street in Murray | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 152 | |
File:Circle sign 931.svg Iowa 931 | 8.47 | 13.63 | I-35 in Ankeny | US 65 in Polk County | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 935.svg Iowa 935 | 1.38[16] | 2.22 | I-29 | Mills–Pottawattamie county line | 1982 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 370 | |
File:Circle sign 938.svg Iowa 938 | 0.46 | 0.74 | Unionville | Unionville city limits | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 369 | |
File:Circle sign 939.svg Iowa 939 | 12.37 | 19.91 | Independence | Iowa 187 near Masonville | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of US 20 | |
File:Circle sign 942.svg Iowa 942 | 0.47 | 0.76 | Woodburn | Woodburn city limits | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 104 | |
File:Circle sign 943.svg Iowa 943 | 0.43 | 0.69 | Galva | Galva city limits | 1980 | 1987 | Former section of Iowa 328 | |
File:Circle sign 944.svg Iowa 944 | 0.56 | 0.90 | US 61 / Iowa 2 in Fort Madison | Fort Madison city limits | 1980 | 2003 | Former section of Iowa 88 | |
File:Circle sign 945.svg Iowa 945 | 4.61 | 7.42 | I-80 near Altoona | Iowa 931 in Polk County | 1980 | 2003 | ||
File:Circle sign 950.svg Iowa 950 | 3.35 | 5.39 | US 6 / US 65 in Altoona | Iowa 163 in Pleasant Hill | 1980 | 1994 | Now 34th Avenue/56th Street | |
File:Circle sign 951.svg Iowa 951 | 3.15[15] | 5.07 | Carbon city limits | Iowa 148 | 1983 | 1993 | Former section of Iowa 95 | |
File:Circle sign 960.svg Iowa 960 | 1.11[16] | 1.79 | — | — | 1982 | 1986 | Former section of US 61 | |
File:Circle sign 985.svg Iowa 985 | 1.95 | 3.14 | US 52 near Bellevue State Park | US 52 near Bellevue | 1980 | 2003 | ||
|
Existing route changes
Number | Change in length | Southern or western terminus | Northern or eastern terminus | Formed | Removed | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
mi[lower-alpha 1] | km | |||||||
File:Elongated circle 21.svg Iowa 21 | 12.42 | 19.99 | Iowa 149 near Hedrick | Iowa 92 near Delta | 1934 | current | Extended south from Iowa 92 | |
File:Elongated circle 25.svg Iowa 25 | -6.99 | −11.25 | Blockton | Iowa 2 near Benton | 1926 | current | Continued south to Blockton | |
File:Elongated circle 28.svg Iowa 28 | 6.18 | 9.95 | Iowa 5 in Des Moines | US 6 in Des Moines | 1926 | current | Extended north from Iowa 5 | |
File:Elongated circle 72.svg Iowa 72 | 3.16 | 5.09 | Dows | I-35 east of Dows | 1920 | 1986 | Extended east from Dows | |
File:Circle sign 139.svg Iowa 139 | -12.25 | −19.71 | Protivin | Iowa 9 at Cresco | 1930 | current | Spur route to Protivin removed | |
File:Circle sign 140.svg Iowa 140 | 15.55 | 25.03 | Kingsley | Iowa 3 at Remsen | 1926 | current | Extended north from Kingsley | |
File:Circle sign 145.svg Iowa 145 | 3.13 | 5.04 | I-29 near Thurman | Thurman | 1931 | 2003 | Extended west from Thurman | |
File:Circle sign 150.svg Iowa 150 | -11.05[lower-alpha 2] | −17.78 | US 151 in Cedar Rapids US 218 at Vinton |
Iowa 101 in Benton County Iowa 920 in Benton County |
1941 | current | Rerouted over Iowa 101 in 1984 | |
File:Circle sign 160.svg Iowa 160 | 1.24 | 2.00 | US 69 at Ankeny | I-35 at Ankeny | 1947 | current | Extended east within Ankeny | |
File:Circle sign 173.svg Iowa 173 | 11.53 | 18.56 | Iowa 83 near Atlantic | Elk Horn | 1930 | current | Extended south from Elk Horn | |
File:Circle sign 210.svg Iowa 210 | 19.58 | 31.51 | Iowa 141 near Woodward | Slater | 1931 | current | Rerouted over Iowa 89 | |
File:Circle sign 212.svg Iowa 212 | -10.02 | −16.13 | Iowa 21 near Belle Plaine | US 30 near Chelsea | 1934 | current | Continued northwest to US 30 until 1980 | |
File:Circle sign 220.svg Iowa 220 | -2.20[lower-alpha 3] | −3.54 | Upper South Amana Iowa 149 at Amana |
US 6 / Iowa 149 at South Amana East Amana |
1931 | current | Continued east to East Amana and south to Upper South Amana until 1980 | |
File:Circle sign 223.svg Iowa 223 | 6.94 | 11.17 | Iowa 330 near Baxter | Baxter | 1931 | 1997 | Extended west from Baxter | |
File:Circle sign 224.svg Iowa 224 | 9.37 | 15.08 | Kellogg | Iowa 14 near Laurel | 1931 | current | Extended north from Kellogg in 1980 | |
File:Circle sign 281.svg Iowa 281 | 17.29 | 27.83 | Dunkerton | Iowa 150 at Oelwein | 1935 | current | Rerouted over Iowa 190 | |
File:Circle sign 333.svg Iowa 333 | -3.77 | −6.07 | Fremont–Page county line near Northboro I-29 at Hamburg |
US 71 near Braddyville US 59 near Northboro |
1935 | current | Route swap | |
|
Notes
References
- ↑ 1634–1699: McCusker, J. J. (1997). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1700–1799: McCusker, J. J. (1992). How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States (PDF). American Antiquarian Society. 1800–present: Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved February 29, 2024.
- ↑ Roads and Fuel Taxes (PDF) (Chapter 1108, Laws of the 67th General Assembly). Iowa General Assembly. 1978. pp. 575–588. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Evans, Randy (August 17, 1980). "Officials Chafe at 'Inheriting' State Highways". The Des Moines Register. pp. 1, 12. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Piller, Dan (July 29, 1979). "Roads: An Explosive Issue for the 1980s". The Des Moines Register. p. 1. Retrieved August 19, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ 1979 Iowa Code (1978). "Establishment, Alteration, and Vacation of Highways". §§306.1–306.42 (PDF). pp. 1397–1405.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ↑ Hoffmann, Rep. Betty (March 18, 1980). "Legislative report..." The Muscatine Journal. p. 4. Retrieved August 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ Schmidt, Vernice (August 31, 1979). "Grundy County Wins First Round in Battle on Highway Jurisdiction". The Waterloo Courier. p. 16. Retrieved August 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ "Lyon, Sioux Roads Reshuffle Talk Set". Sioux City Journal. December 13, 1980. p. 3. Retrieved August 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ "Section of Highway 150 May Lose Primary Status". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids. August 19, 1979. p. 20A. Retrieved August 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ 1979 Iowa Code (1978), p. 1400.
- ↑ Bunton, Kristie (January 18, 1984). "Local Road: The Old Highway Nobody Wants". Iowa City Press-Citizen. p. 2. Retrieved August 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ Walsh, Tom (June 25, 1985). "IDOT Officials May Hope to Open Highway, Close Deal". The Gazette. Cedar Rapids. p. 11. Retrieved August 20, 2020 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 1978 Volume of Traffic on the Primary Road System of Iowa (PDF) (Report). Iowa Department of Transportation. December 31, 1978. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 1980 Volume of Traffic on the Primary Road System of Iowa (PDF) (Report). Iowa Department of Transportation. December 31, 1980. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
- ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 1984 Volume of Traffic on the Primary Road System of Iowa (PDF) (Report). Iowa Department of Transportation. August 1985. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 16.3 1982 Volume of Traffic on the Primary Road System of Iowa (PDF) (Report). Iowa Department of Transportation. December 31, 1982. Retrieved August 19, 2020.