List of Russian steam locomotive classes

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File:Депо подмосковная. июнь 2022 г. (1).jpg
Steam locomotive at Podmoskovnaya Depot. June 2022
File:Steam Locomotive Su type 1-3-1 on 1979 USSR Stamp.jpg
Steam Locomotive Su (Д) type 1-3-1 on 1979 USSR Stamp

This List of Russian steam locomotive classes includes those built both before and during the Soviet era. They are to the gauge of 5 ft (1,524 mm) unless otherwise stated. Some locomotives originally used in Poland during the period of the Russian Empire were built to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge and later converted to 5 ft gauge. Class letters are shown in Cyrillic characters, followed by romanized characters in the next column. For more information, see Romanization of Russian. The main source for this list is Le Fleming and Price's Russian Steam Locomotives.[1]

Locomotive built before 1925

Class
(Cyrillic)		 Class
(Romanized)		 Type Manufacturer Quantity Years
built		 Notes Image
— Cherepanov steam locomotive 2-2-0 Yefim and Miron Cherepanov 1833–1834 The first Russian-built steam locomotive. Track gauge was 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm).[2]
File:Макет пароходного дилижанса Черепановых.jpg
Д D (ru) 0-4-2
2-4-0
4-4-0 		1856–1906 Class for various four-coupled locomotives
File:Russian steam loc Dk series.jpg
Т T (ru) 0-6-0
2-6-0 		1857-1915 Class for various six-coupled locomotives
File:Russian loc T series type 132.jpg
Ъ " (ru) 0-4-4
2-4-2
2-6-2
4-6-0
4-6-2
2-8-2 		1864–1914 Class for various passenger tank locomotives
Ф F (ru) 0-6-0+0-6-0 Avonside, Sharp, Stewart and Company, Yorkshire Engine Company, Kolomna 45 1872–1883 Fairlie locomotives
File:Parovoz Ferly.jpg
Ч Ch (ru) 0-8-0 Malsevsky, Kolomna, Bryansk, Nevsky, Putilov, Kharkiv, Henschel & Sohn 1878–1911 Class for various eight-coupled locomotives
File:ChVPK Tp109.jpg
О O 0-8-0 Kolomna, Bryansk, Votkinsk, Nevski, Putilov, Sigl, StEG, Henschel, BMAG, Luhansk, Krasnoye Sormovo, Kharkiv 9129 1890–1928 osnovnoy tip (basic type);
Variants with different valve gear and wheel diameters
File:Steam locomotive Ov.jpg
П P (ru) 4-4-0 SACM, Belfort, South Eastern Railways' Odessa Works, Putilov, Kolomna 169 1891–1905 Four-cylinder tandem compound
File:Паровоз Пп.jpg
Н N (ru) 2-6-0 Alexandrov, Kolomna, Union, Bryansk, Luhansk, Krasnoye Sormovo, Nevski, Putilov, Votkinsk, Kharkiv 1082 1892–1914 [3] Variants with different valve gear and wheel diameters
File:Steam locomotive Nv.jpg
А A (ru) 4-6-0 Kolomna, Hanomag, Henschel, Krasnoye Sormovo, Lokomotivfabrik Luhansk, Kharkiv Locomotive Factory, Bryansk 533 1892–1907 Variants with different valve gear
File:As-60.jpg
ЕФ YeF (ru) 2-10-0 Baldwin 2 1895 Four-cylinder Vauclain compound
File:Parovoz decapod.jpg
Х Kh 2-8-0 Baldwin 235 1895–1900 Four-cylinder Vauclain compound
File:Паровоз Х.jpg
В V (ru) 4-6-0 Baldwin 88 1895–1899 Four-cylinder Vauclain compound
File:Parovoz V.jpg
Я Ya (ru) 2-6-0 Nevski, Putilov 150 1896–1903
File:Steam locomotive Ya.jpg
Ц Ts (ru) 2-8-0 Henschel, Hanomag, Bryansk, Fives-Lille, Société Franco-Belge, SACM-Mühlhausen, Kharkiv 214 1896–1904
File:Паровоз Ц.jpg
Ж Zh (ru) 4-6-0 Henschel, Kolomna, Nevski, Kharkiv 210 1896–1909
File:Паровоз Ж (тип 74) 1901.jpg
Р R (ru) 2-8-0 Bryansk, Putilov, SACM-Mühlhausen, Krasnoye Sormovo, Kolomna 477 1899–1914 Four-cylinder tandem compound
File:Parovoz R.jpg
Ѳ Fita (ru) 0-6-6-0 Bryansk, Putilov, Kolomna 463 1899–1924 Mallet locomotives
File:Mallet Fita russian1.jpg
Г G (ru) 4-6-0 Bryansk, Kharkiv 124 1901–1903
File:Parovoz G.jpg
Ш Sh (ru) 2-8-0 Bryansk, Kharkiv 161 1901–1907
З Z (ru) 4-6-0 Kolomna 24 1902–1906
File:Паровоз З (тип 82) 1902.jpg
І I (ru) 2-4-4-0 Kolomna 112 1903–1905 [4] Mallet locomotives
File:Parovoz I.jpg
У U 4-6-0 Putilov 56 1906–1910
File:Parovoz Uu-14.jpg
Щ Shch (ru) 2-8-0 Kharkiv, Bryansk, Luhansk, Nevski, Putilov, Krasnoye Sormovo, Kolomna 2028 1906–1924 Variants with different wheel diameter File:Parovoz Zhch-6517.jpg
Б B (ru) 4-6-0 Bryansk, Luhansk 252 1907–1914
File:Steam locomotive B-101.jpg
К K (ru) 4-6-0 Kolomna, Putilov, Moscow-Kasaner railway workshops 145 1907–1912 File:Steam locomotiveK-149.jpg
Ѵ Izhitsa 0-8-0 Kolomna, Bryansk 56 1908–1918
File:Izhitsa Parovoz.jpg
И I (ru) 2-8-0 Kolomna 19 1909–1910
File:Паровоз И-88.jpg
С S (ru) 2-6-2 Krasnoye Sormovo, Luhansk, Kharkiv, Nevski 678 1910–1919
File:Steam locomotive S overview.jpg
Ы Y (ru) 0-8-0 Kolomna, Votkinsk 372 1910–1920
File:Parovoz YI (2).jpg
КУ KU (ru) 4-6-0 Kolomna 39 1911–1914 K usilenny (larger K)
File:Steam locomotiveKu.jpg
УУ UU 4-6-0 Putilow 6 1912 U usilenny (larger U)
Э E 0-10-0 Luhansk, Krasnoye Sormovo, Kharkiv, Kolomna, Bryansk, Newski 1528 1912–1925
File:Паровоз Э-2432 в депо Саратов нов место.jpg
ѴС
originally ЧВПс 		YS
originally ChVPs 		0-8-0 Krasnoye Sormovo 27 1914–1915 as Standard gauge for the Warsaw–Vienna line.
СВ SV (ru) 2-6-2 Kolomna 15 1914–1915 Built to standard gauge for Warsaw-Vienna line in 1915. Later converted to 5 ft gauge for Moscow-Kursk line.[5]
File:Parovoz Sv-50.jpg
Л
from
1947:
ЛП 		L
from
1947:
LP 		4-6-2 Putilov 66 1914–1926
ЕС YeS 2-10-0 ALCO 106 1915–1916 [6] S for Schenectady
ЕФ YeF 2-10-0 Baldwin 242 1915 F for Philadelphia;
250 shipped, 8 lost at sea
File:Russian steam locomotive Ef-1.jpg
ЕК YeK 2-10-0 CLC 50 1915–1916 K for Kingston
ЕЛ YeL 2-10-0 ALCO, Baldwin al least 554 1916–1919 L for chief engineer A. I. Lipez
File:Yel-884.jpg
ЭШ ESh 0-10-0 NoHAB 500 1920–1924 Two with Uniflow steam engine designated ЭМШ (EMSh)
File:Esh 4290 Locomotive.jpg
ЭГ EG 0-10-0 AEG, Borsig, Hanomag, SMF, Henschel, Hohenzollern, Humboldt, Jung, Karlsruhe, Krauss, Krupp, LHW, O&K, Rheinmetall, BMAG, Vulcan, Wolf, Maffei, Esslingen 700 1921–1923 1 rebuilt to condensing locomotive in 1933 and designated ЭГК (EGK)
ХМ KhM 2-8-0 H.K. Porter 1915-1916 Designated as sub-class of Х but shares little similarities.
Ф F 2-10-0 État Belge type 36
File:Parovoz Flamma.jpg
Ь (ru) ' 0-4-0
0-4-2
2-4-0
0-6-0
0-6-2
0-6-4
0-8-0
2-10-2 		to 1957 Class for various goods tank locomotives
File:Donetsk rm 21.jpg

Locomotives built after 1925

Class
(Cyrillic)		 Class
(Romanized)		 Type Manufacturer Quantity Years
built		 Notes Image
СУ SU 2-6-2 Bryansk, Krasnoye Sormovo, Kolomna, Luhansk, Kharkiv 2270 1925–1941 36 with higher axleload designated СУТ (SUT);
210 with draught fan designated СУМ (SUM)
File:Su-250-64.jpg
Krasnoye Sormovo 411 1947–1951 2 with mechanical stokers designated СУР (SUR)
М M (ru) 4-8-0 Luhansk, Putilov 100 1926–1930 Rebuilt from 1932 as 2-cylinder designated МР (MR)
File:Паровоз-М-001.jpg
ЭУ EU 0-10-0 Kolomna, Luhansk, Krasnoye Sormovo, Bryansk, Kharkiv 2535 1926–1931
File:Паровоз Эу в Славянске.jpg
ТA TA (ru) 2-10-4 ALCO 5 1931 Experimental locomotives
File:Parovoz Ta.jpg
ТБ TB (ru) 2-10-2 Baldwin 5 1931 Experimental locomotives
File:Parovoz Tb.jpg
ФД20 FD20 2-10-2 Voroshilovgrad 2927 1931–1940 [7] FD after Felix Dzerzhinsky;
2 Condensing locomotives designated ФДК (FDK)
File:Parovoz FD20-2 (1).jpg
ИС20
from 1962: ФДП20 		IS20
from 1962: FDP20 		2-8-4 Kolomna, Voroshilovgrad 638 1932–1941 IS after Joseph Stalin
ЭМ EM 0-10-0 Voroshilovgrad, Krasnoye Sormovo, Bryansk, Kharkiv 2325 1932–1935 18 converted to condensing locomotives and designated ЭМК (EMK) between 1937 and 1940
File:Locomotive at Petrokrepost station (monument).jpg
Я Ya 4-8-2+2-8-4 Beyer, Peacock & Company 1 1932 [8] Experimental Garratt locomotive – the biggest Garratt locomotive ever built.
File:Ya-01.jpg
ЭР ER 0-10-0 Murom workshops (1) (1933) [9] Rebuilt from ЭМ (EM)
File:Паровоз в Грязях.JPG
Voroshilovgrad, Bryansk 305 1934–1936
Kolomna 22 1943–1944
Reșița, MÁVAG, Malaxa, ČKD, Cegielski, Škoda 2716 1946–1955
АА20 AA20 4-14-4 Voroshilovgrad 1 1934 Experimental locomotive;
AA after Andrey Andreyevich Andreyev
File:Andreev.jpg
СО SO (ru) 2-10-0 Kharkiv, Bryansk, Ulan-Ude, Krasnoyarsk, Voroshilovgrad 2523 1934–1951 SO after Grigory (Sergo) Ordzhonikidze;
2 condensing locomotives designated СОК (SOK)
File:Паровоз CO17-1137 (2).jpg
9П 9P (ru) 0-6-0 Kolomna, Novocherkassk, Murom workshops 2688 1935–1957
File:Donetsk rm 02.jpg
СО19
also СОК 		SO19
also SOK 		2-10-0 Kharkiv, Bryansk, Ulan-Ude, Voroshilovgrad 1436 1936–1942 Condensing locomotives
В5 V5 (ru) 0-4-4 Kolomna 1 1937 Experimental locomotive with high pressure boiler
File:Parovoz V5.jpg
2-3-2К 2-3-2K 4-6-4 Kolomna 2 1937–1938 Experimental locomotives
2-3-2В 2-3-2V 4-6-4 Voroshilovgrad 1 1938 Experimental locomotive
СО18
also СОВ 		SO18
also SOV 		2-10-0 Kharkiv, Bryansk, Voroshilovgrad 489 1939–1946
File:Steam locomotive SO 18-3100.JPG
ФД21 FD21 2-10-2 Voroshilovgrad, Ulan-Ude 286 1940–1942 as ФД20 (FD20), with 21 t axleload
File:Parovoz FD21-3125.JPG
ЛК LK (ru) 2-10-0 Voroshilovgrad 1 1941 Experimental locomotive
File:Parovoz LK.jpg
ИС21
from 1962:
ФДП21 		IS21
from 1962:
FDP21 		2-8-4 Voroshilovgrad 11 1941–1942 as ИС20 (IS20), but with 21 t axleload
ФДР18 FDR18 2-10-4 Ulan-Ude (85) (1943–1944) Converted from ФД (FD); 18 t axleload;
ША ShA 2-8-0 ALCO, Baldwin 194 1943 USATC S160 Class;
200 shipped, 6 lost at sea 		File:5197 at Cheddleton.jpg
ЕА YeA 2-10-0 ALCO, Baldwin 1622 1944–1946
File:Spoorwegmuseum St Petersburg 3.jpg
ЕМ YeM 2-10-0 Baldwin 425 1944–1947 13 with feedwater heater ЕМВ (EMV)
Л
originally
П 		L
originally
P 		2-10-0 Kolomna, Voroshilovgrad, Bryansk 4199 1945–1955
File:L steam loco 4.JPG
23
also УУ 		23 (ru)
also UU 		2-10-4 Ulan-Ude 1 1949 Experimental locomotive
File:Russian steam locomotive 23-001 (UU).jpg
ОР23 OR23 2-10-4 Voroshilovgrad 1 1949 OR after October Revolution Locomotive Works;
Experimental locomotive
File:The Soviet-built opposed-piston 2-10-4 of 1949.jpg
П34 P34 2-6-6-2 Kolomna 1 1949 Experimental Mallet locomotive
П36 P36 4-8-4 Kolomna 251 1950–1956
File:Passenger steam locomotive P36-001 (01).jpg
ЛВ
originally
ОР18 		LV
originally
OR18 		2-10-2 Voroshilovgrad 522 1952–1956
File:Грузовой паровоз ЛВ18-002 (ОР18-002) (6).jpg
ОР21 OR21 (ru) 2-10-2 Voroshilovgrad 3 1953–1954 Experimental locomotives
П38 P38 2-8-8-4 Kolomna 4 1954–1955 Experimental Mallet locomotive
File:Parovoz 38 razmeri.jpg
9Пм 9PM (ru) 0-6-0 Murom workshops 500 1955–1957
File:Паровоз 9Пм-161 (Нижний Тагил).jpg

Captured locomotives

Class
(Cyrillic)		 Class
(Romanized)		 Type Manufacturer Quantity Years
built		 Notes Image
ТЭ TE 1'E h2 Various ~2700 1942-1945 Deutsche Reichsbahn Kriegsloks. Some standard gauge, used in the Baltic and border republics. 100 transferred to Hungarian State Railways in 1963. File:Parovoz (32673340).jpg

Locomotive builders

Reference[10]

See also

References

  • Le Fleming, H. M. & Price, John Horace (1972). Russian Steam Locomotives. New York: Drake Publishers. ISBN 0-87749-148-8.
  1. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972
  2. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, p. 23. These are the figures quoted in the reference, although 1670 mm is actually 5 ft 5¾ in.
  3. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, p. 27
  4. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, p. 29
  5. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, p. 32
  6. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, pp. 41–42
  7. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, pp. 53–55
  8. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, p. 53
  9. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, pp. 48–49
  10. ↑ Le Fleming & Price 1972, pp. 105–107
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