List of U.S. places named after non-U.S. places
There are many places in the United States that are named after places in another country. By far, the majority of the names came from immigrants naming their new home after their former home. As such, they reflect the pattern of immigration to the United States. Immigrants did not just settle in random locations, but rather congregated with others who spoke the same language and had the same religion. Three examples:
- An area in western Michigan centered on Holland in southern Ottawa County was settled by religious refugees from the Netherlands. After a split from the state church in the Netherlands, they were unhappy with the restrictions the Dutch government placed on their religious practices. There are several villages in that region named after villages in the old country.[1]: 61
- A number of Belgian names are found clustered in the Green Bay area of northeastern Wisconsin. This reflects the high concentration of Belgian immigrants in that area.
- Ellis County, Kansas was the destination of a group of Volga Germans who moved there in the 1870s. Their settlements were mostly given the names of the villages they left behind in Russia.
Less concentrated groupings of foreign place names are Norwegian names throughout Minnesota, Czech names in southeast Texas, and Dutch names in the Hudson Valley of New York. The Hudson Valley locations are so named because the area was a Dutch colony before it became an English colony. But not all the immigrants concentrated so heavily. Germans, for example, are one of the largest immigrant groups and places named after German cities are widespread across the United States. However, there is still a general concentration of them in the Midwestern United States, especially in Missouri. Other sources of foreign names transferred to the U.S. are the Bible and ancient history. Biblically sourced names are widespread and are sometimes the result of naming a settlement after its church. Names from ancient history can also be found in a number of places, although a concentration of them can be found in upstate New York. Names from these two sources can be found in the Ancient World section below the list of countries. Battle sites are also a source for foreign names. The Mexican–American War is the most common source, but other wars such as the Napoleonic Wars and World War I are also represented. There is a small number of names whose origins do not fall into the above categories: some were given by railroad companies or taken from books the people naming the town had been reading. Names with yet other unusual sources include Madras, Oregon, which was named after a bolt of Madras cloth seen in the general store, and Poland, Maine, which was named after a medieval song that its first settler liked. Not all towns whose names are the same as a foreign city or country are named after that city. For example, there is only one US place that is known to be named for the Boston in England. That is Boston, Massachusetts. The Bostons in Indiana, Missouri, New York, and Highland and Summit Counties in Ohio, as well as Boston Corner, New York and South Boston, Virginia are named after Boston, Massachusetts; those in Georgia and Texas are named after people; most other places with the name do not have a known etymology. Also note that places named after people are not on this list, even if that person's name can be traced back to a city. For this reason, cities such as New York, Baltimore, New Orleans, and Albuquerque are not on the list. Places named for people can be found at List of places in the United States named after people. Some places have an indeterminate etymology, where it is known that they are named after a city in a particular country, but there is more than one place with that name and the etymology does not distinguish which one. These entries have "needs disambiguation" in their notes section. For the purposes of this list, place means any named location that is smaller than a county or equivalent: cities, towns, villages, hamlets, neighborhoods, municipalities, boroughs, townships, civil parishes, localities, census-designated places, and some districts. Also included are country homes, castles, palaces, and similar institutions. The list currently comprises about 1,000 U.S. places.
Afghanistan
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Kabul | Cabool, Missouri[2] |
Albania
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Vlorë | Valona, Georgia[3] |
Algeria
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Algiers | Algiers, Louisiana[4] |
Algiers, Indiana | |
Oran | Oran, Missouri[2] |
Angola
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Angola | Angola, Indiana |
Angola, New York |
Argentina
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
La Plata | La Plata, Missouri[2] |
La Plata, Maryland |
Armenia
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Armenia | Armenia, Wisconsin |
Armenia Gardens Estates, Florida | |
Armenia Township, Pennsylvania | |
Little Armenia, Los Angeles, California | |
Old Armenian Town, Fresno, California | |
Armenia, Chester County, South Carolina |
Australia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Ballarat, Victoria | Ballarat, California | [5] |
Brisbane, Queensland | Brisbane, California | |
Melbourne, Victoria | Melbourne, Florida | [6] |
Melbourne, Kentucky | [7] | |
Melbourne, Arkansas | ||
Rockhampton, Queensland | Rockham, South Dakota | [8] |
Austria
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Deutsch-Wagram | Wagram, North Carolina | named for the Battle of Wagram[9] |
Freistadt | Freistatt, Missouri | [2] |
Vienna | Vienna, Illinois | |
Vienna, Indiana | ||
Vienna, Missouri | ||
Vienna, New York | [10] | |
Vienna, Virginia | ||
Wels | New Wells, Missouri |
Azerbaijan
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Baku | Baku, California[10] |
Bangladesh
City or town or country | Namesake |
---|---|
Bangladesh | Little Bangladesh, Los Angeles |
Belgium
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Antwerp | Antwerp, New York | [10] |
Antwerp, Ohio | ||
Bastogne | Bastogne Gables, North Carolina[11] | [12] |
Brussels | Brussels, Wisconsin | [1] |
Brussels, Illinois | ||
Charleroi | Charleroi, Pennsylvania | [1] |
Ghent | Ghent, Minnesota | [1] |
Ghent, Kentucky | ||
Ghent, New York | ||
Hoboken | Hoboken, New Jersey | [1] The original name Hoebuck was changed to Hoboken. |
Liège | Liege, Missouri[13] | [1] Liege, Missouri was annexed by Bellflower, Missouri in 1960[14] |
Namur | Namur, Wisconsin | [1] |
Rosières | Rosiere, Wisconsin | [1] |
Walhain | Walhain, Wisconsin | [1] |
Waterloo | Waterloo, New York | [1] named for the Battle of Waterloo |
Waterloo, Indiana | ||
Waterloo, Illinois | named for the Battle of Waterloo | |
Watervliet | Watervliet, New York | [1] |
Bolivia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Bolivia | Bolivia, North Carolina | |
La Paz | La Paz, Indiana | [15] |
Potosí | Potosi, Missouri | [2] |
Potosi, Wisconsin |
Brazil
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Brazil | Brazil, Indiana |
Bulgaria
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Pleven | Plevna, Montana | [16] |
Shumen (formerly: Shumla) | Shumla, Texas[17] | [18] |
Sofia | Sofia, New Mexico | |
Varna | Varna, Illinois | [19] |
Canada
Chile
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Valparaíso | Valparaiso, Indiana | [15] |
China
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Beijing | Pekin, Illinois | [19] |
New Pekin, Indiana | ||
China | China, New York | |
Guangzhou | Canton, Georgia | [3] |
Canton, New York | [10] | |
Canton, Ohio | [10] | |
Canton, Massachusetts | [10] | |
Canton, Michigan | ||
Jilin City | Kiron, Iowa | Jilin was formerly romanized as Kirin[49] |
Nanjing | Nankin Township, Michigan | |
Shanghai | Shanghai, West Virginia | |
Shanghai City, Illinois | ||
Wusong | Woosung, Illinois | [19] |
Colombia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Bogotá | Bogota, Illinois | [19] |
Bogata, Texas | [50] |
Cuba
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Cuba | Cuba, Missouri | [15] |
Cuba Township, Lake County, Illinois | ||
Havana | Havana, Illinois | [19] |
Matanzas | Matanzas, Kentucky | [7] |
Matanzas Beach, Illinois | [19] | |
Miramar, Havana | Miramar, Florida | [6] |
Yara | Yara, Minnesota | [8] |
Czech Republic
Denmark
Ecuador
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Quito | Quito, Tennessee[62] | [9] |
Egypt
For more cities in Egypt, see the Ancient world section below.
Finland
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Finland | Finland, Minnesota | |
Liminka | Liminga, Michigan[66] | [67] |
Oulu | Oulu, Wisconsin | [68] |
Paavola | Paavola, Michigan | |
Pori | Pori, Michigan[69] | [67] |
Salo | Salo Township, Minnesota | [20] |
Tapiola | Tapiola, Michigan | [70] |
Toijala | Toivola, Michigan | |
Toivola Township, Minnesota | [20] | |
Vaasa | Wasas, Michigan[71] | [67] |
Waasa Township |
France
Georgia (country)
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Tbilisi | Tiflis, Washington | [35] |
Germany
Greece
For more cities in Greece, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Athens | Athens, Alabama | Was first Called Athenson when it incorporated in 1818 |
Athens, Georgia | [10] | |
Athens, Ohio | ||
Athens, New York | ||
Athens, Texas | ||
New Athens, Illinois | ||
Larissa | Larissa, Texas | [50] |
Larissa, Arizona | ||
Nafpaktos (Venetian: Lepanto) | Lepanto, Arkansas | named for the Battle of Lepanto[9] |
Tempe | Tempe, Arizona | [89] |
Thessaloniki | Salona, Pennsylvania | [55]: 318 |
Volos | Volo, Illinois | [19] |
Honduras
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Copán | Copan, Oklahoma | Maya city, now an archaeological site[84] |
Hungary
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Buda | Buda, Illinois | [19] named before the merger with Pest |
Budapest | Budapest, Georgia | [90] |
Budapest, Missouri | ||
Szombathely (Latin: Savaria or Sabaria) | Siberia, Indiana | originally meant to be Sabaria, the post office changed the name, apparently thinking it was an error[15] |
Tokaj | Tokaj, Georgia | [90] |
Iceland
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Akranes | Akra Township, North Dakota | [22] |
Þingvellir | Thingvalla Township, North Dakota |
India
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Almora, Uttarakhand | Almora, Illinois | [19] |
Chennai (Madras), Tamil Nadu | Madras, Oregon | [54] named for a bolt of Madras cloth |
Delhi, National Capital Territory | Delhi Township, Michigan | |
Delhi, New York | [10] | |
Delhi, California | ||
Golkonda, Telangana | Golconda, Illinois | [19] |
Kolkata, West Bengal | Calcutta, Ohio | [10] |
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow, Pennsylvania | |
Mumbai (Bombay), Maharashtra | Bombay, New York | [10] |
Salem, Tamil Nadu | Salem, Virginia | |
Shimla, Himachal Pradesh | Simla, Colorado | [39] |
Vadodara, Gujarat | Baroda, Michigan | [26] |
Vrindavan, Uttar Pradesh | New Vrindaban, West Virginia |
Indonesia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Jakarta (Batavia) | Batavia, Illinois | |
Batavia, New York |
Iran
For cities in Iran, see the Ancient world section below.
Iraq
For more cities in Iraq, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Baghdad | Bagdad, Arizona | [10] |
Bagdad, Florida | ||
Bagdad, Kentucky |
Ireland
Israel
For cities in Israel, see the Ancient world section below.
Italy
For more cities in Italy, see the Ancient world section below.
Japan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Tokyo | Jeddo, Pennsylvania | Jeddo is an anglicization of Edo, the former name of Tokyo[9] |
Tokyo | Tokio, North Dakota | Potentially after Tokyo, Japan |
Tokyo | Tokio, Texas | Could be coincidental with Tokyo, Japan |
Jordan
For cities in Jordan, see the Ancient world section below.
Latvia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Riga | Riga, Michigan | [10] |
Livonia | Livonia, Indiana | |
Livonia, Michigan |
Lebanon
For more cities in Lebanon, see the Ancient world section below.
Libya
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Tripoli | New Tripoli, Pennsylvania | [55]: 315 |
Lithuania
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Vilnius (Polish: Wilno) | Wilno, Minnesota |
Luxembourg
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Luxembourg (German: Luxemburg) | Luxemburg, Wisconsin |
Malta
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Malta | Malta, Montana |
Mali
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Timbuktu | Timbuctoo, California | [5] |
Mexico
Morocco
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Essaouira | Mogadore, Ohio | [47] |
Casablanca | Casablanca, North Carolina[107] | [12] |
Morocco | Morocco, Indiana | |
Tangier | Tangier, Virginia | [92]: 24 |
Myanmar
City or town | Namesake |
---|---|
Inwa | Ava, New York[57] |
Mandalay | Mandalay, Louisiana[108][9] |
Netherlands
Norway
Pakistan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Kalat | Kelat, Kentucky | T. J. Smith, local school teacher, suggested the name of the capital of Balochistan when asked for a unique name[7] |
Lahore | Lahore, Virginia |
Palestine
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Palestine | Palestine, Ohio | |
East Palestine, Ohio | Named "East Palestine" because another Palestine in Ohio was already incorporated. |
For cities in Palestinian territory, see the Ancient world section below.
Panama
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Colón | Colon, Michigan | [8] |
Panama City | Panama City, Florida | [6] |
Portobelo, Colón | Portobello, Maryland[122] | [38] |
Peru
Philippines
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Manila | Manila, Arkansas | |
Manila, Utah | [60] | |
Pateros | Pateros, Washington |
Poland
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Częstochowa | Cestohowa, Texas | |
Elbląg (German: Elbing) | Elbing, Kansas | [31] |
Gdańsk (German: Danzig) | Danzig, North Dakota | |
Gniezno | Gnesen Township, Minnesota | [20] |
Kłodzko (German: Glatz) | New Glatz, Maryland[124] | [38] |
Kraków | Krakow, Wisconsin | [23] |
Lublin | Lublin, Wisconsin | [23] |
Miasteczko Krajeńskie (German: Friedheim) | Friedheim, Missouri | [2] |
Opole | Opole, Minnesota | [125] |
Poznań (German: Posen) | Posen, Illinois | [19] |
Posen, Michigan | [126] | |
Radom | Radom, Illinois | [19] |
Szczecin (German: Stettin) | Stettin, Wisconsin | [68] |
Tarnów | Tarnov, Nebraska | [34] |
Toruń | Torun, Wisconsin | |
Warsaw | Warsaw, Illinois | |
Warsaw, Indiana | [15] | |
Warsaw, Missouri | ||
Warsaw, Minnesota | ||
Warsaw, New York | ||
Wrocław (German: Breslau) | Breslau, Texas | |
Poland | Poland, Herkimer County, New York | There are several U.S. places named Poland, but this is the only one named after the country. The rest are named after people, Poland, Ohio (named after a person), or in Poland, Maine's very unusual case, a song. |
Portugal
Romania
Region | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Transylvania | Transylvania County, North Carolina |
Russia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Arkhangelsk | Sitka, Alaska | [10] original name of Sitka was New Arkhangelsk |
Borodino | Borodino, New York | [10] named for the Battle of Borodino |
Moscow Kremlin | Kremlin, Oklahoma | [84] |
Liebental (Lubonironvka) | Liebenthal, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Marks (Katharinenstadt) | Catharine, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Moscow | Moscow, Idaho | |
Moscow Mills, Missouri | ||
Moscow, Texas | [10] | |
Moscow, Tennessee | ||
Moscow, Ohio | ||
Obermunjor (Kriwowskoje) | Munjor, Kansas | Volga German settlement |
Pfeifer (Gnilushka) | Pfeifer, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Saint Petersburg | St. Petersburg, Florida | [6] |
Schoenchen (Paninskaja) | Schoenchen, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast | Tilsit, Missouri | [2] |
Saudi Arabia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Mecca | Mecca, California | |
Medina | Medina, Ohio | [47] |
Medina, Minnesota |
Serbia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Belgrade | Belgrade, Maine | |
Belgrade, Montana | [16] | |
Belgrade, Missouri | [127] | |
Belgrade, Nebraska | [128] |
Singapore
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Singapore | Singapore, Michigan | [129] |
Slovakia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Nitra | Nitra, Georgia | [90] |
Slovak | Slovak, Arkansas | Named after the country. |
Slovenia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Idrija | New Idria, California | [5] |
Travnik, Loški Potok | Traunik, Michigan | [26] |
South Africa
Spain
Sudan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Dongola | Dongola, Illinois | [63] |
Khartoum | Khartoum, California[132] | [9] |
Wadi Halfa | Halfa, Iowa | [8] |
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
For cities in Syria, see the Ancient world section below.
Tunisia
For cities in Tunisia, see the Ancient world section below.
Turkey
For more cities in Turkey, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Ankara | Angora, Minnesota | [20] |
Ukraine
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Balta | Balta, North Dakota | [22] |
Kyiv | Kief, North Dakota | [22] |
Odesa | Odessa, Texas | [10] |
Odessa, Washington | ||
Selz (now Lymanske) | Selz, North Dakota (Emmons County) | [22] |
Sevastopol | Sebastopol, California | |
Sebastopol, Michigan | ||
Sevastopol, Wisconsin | The town clerk incorrectly registered a "v" instead of a "b" and it was never changed [136] | |
Straßburg (now Kuchurhan, Rozdilna Raion) | Strasburg, North Dakota[137] | Straßburg was named after the city in Alsace[22] |
United Kingdom
British Overseas Territories
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Longwood, Saint Helena | Longwood, Missouri | Place where Napoleon lived during his second exile.[2] |
Crown Dependencies
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Saint Clement, Jersey | Clements, Maryland | [38] |
England
Northern Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Uruguay
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Montevideo | Montevideo, Minnesota | [20] |
Uzbekistan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Samarkand | Samarcand, North Carolina[149] | [9] |
Ancient world
Cities that have namesakes because they are biblical or prominent in ancient history are in this section.
See also
- List of places named after people in the United States
- List of places named after places in the United States
- Lists of places by language of origin
- List of place names of Czech origin in the United States
- List of place names of Dutch origin in the United States
- Locations in the United States with an English name
- List of place names of French origin in the United States
- List of Irish place names in other countries
- List of place names of Scottish origin in the United States
- List of place names of Spanish origin in the United States
- List of Swedish place names in the United States
- List of place names of Welsh origin in the United States
References
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 van der Sijs, Nicoline (2009). Cookies, Coleslaw, and Stoops: The Influence of Dutch on the North American Languages. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 9789089641243.
- ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20 2.21 2.22 2.23 Ramsay, Robert L. (1952). Our Storehouse of Missouri Place Names. University of Missouri Press. ISBN 9780826205865.
- ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 Krakow, Kenneth K. (November 1999). Georgia Place-Names (Third ed.). Macon, Georgia: Winship Press. ISBN 0-915430-00-2.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 D'Artois Leeper, Clare (2012). Louisiana Place Names: Popular, Unusual, and Forgotten Stories of Towns, Cities, Plantations, Bayous, and Even Some Cemeteries. LSU Press. ISBN 9780807147382.
- ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 Gudde, Erwin Gustav (2010). California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. University of California Press. ISBN 9780520266193.
- ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 Morris, Allan (1995). Florida Place Names: Alachua to Zolfo Springs. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press, Inc. ISBN 1-56164-084-0.
- ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 Rennick, Robert M. (2013). Kentucky Place Names. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813144016.
- ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 Chicago and North Western Railway Company (1908). A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways (2nd ed.).
- ↑ 9.00 9.01 9.02 9.03 9.04 9.05 9.06 9.07 9.08 9.09 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 9.14 9.15 9.16 9.17 9.18 9.19 9.20 9.21 9.22 9.23 9.24 9.25 9.26 9.27 9.28 9.29 9.30 9.31 9.32 9.33 9.34 9.35 9.36 9.37 9.38 9.39 Stewart, George R. (1970). American place-names; a concise and selective dictionary for the continental United States of America. New York: Oxford University Press.
- ↑ 10.000 10.001 10.002 10.003 10.004 10.005 10.006 10.007 10.008 10.009 10.010 10.011 10.012 10.013 10.014 10.015 10.016 10.017 10.018 10.019 10.020 10.021 10.022 10.023 10.024 10.025 10.026 10.027 10.028 10.029 10.030 10.031 10.032 10.033 10.034 10.035 10.036 10.037 10.038 10.039 10.040 10.041 10.042 10.043 10.044 10.045 10.046 10.047 10.048 10.049 10.050 10.051 10.052 10.053 10.054 10.055 10.056 10.057 10.058 10.059 10.060 10.061 10.062 10.063 10.064 10.065 10.066 10.067 10.068 10.069 10.070 10.071 10.072 10.073 10.074 10.075 10.076 10.077 10.078 10.079 10.080 10.081 10.082 10.083 10.084 10.085 10.086 10.087 10.088 10.089 10.090 10.091 10.092 10.093 10.094 10.095 10.096 10.097 10.098 10.099 10.100 10.101 10.102 10.103 10.104 10.105 10.106 10.107 10.108 10.109 10.110 10.111 10.112 10.113 10.114 10.115 10.116 10.117 10.118 10.119 10.120 10.121 10.122 10.123 10.124 10.125 10.126 10.127 10.128 10.129 10.130 10.131 10.132 10.133 10.134 10.135 10.136 10.137 10.138 10.139 10.140 10.141 10.142 10.143 10.144 10.145 10.146 10.147 10.148 10.149 10.150 10.151 10.152 10.153 10.154 10.155 10.156 10.157 10.158 10.159 10.160 10.161 10.162 10.163 10.164 10.165 10.166 10.167 10.168 10.169 10.170 10.171 10.172 10.173 10.174 10.175 10.176 10.177 10.178 10.179 10.180 10.181 10.182 10.183 10.184 10.185 10.186 10.187 10.188 10.189 10.190 10.191 10.192 10.193 10.194 10.195 10.196 10.197 10.198 10.199 10.200 10.201 10.202 10.203 10.204 10.205 10.206 10.207 10.208 10.209 10.210 10.211 10.212 10.213 10.214 10.215 10.216 10.217 10.218 10.219 10.220 10.221 10.222 10.223 10.224 10.225 10.226 10.227 10.228 10.229 10.230 10.231 10.232 10.233 10.234 10.235 10.236 10.237 10.238 10.239 10.240 10.241 10.242 10.243 10.244 10.245 10.246 10.247 10.248 10.249 10.250 10.251 10.252 10.253 10.254 Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States (PDF) (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: United States Geologic Survey.
- ↑ "Bastogne Gables, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Privatized military housing on Fort Bragg, NC is composed of neighbourhoods mostly named after the locations of WWII battles.
- ↑ "Liege, Missouri". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ Moser, Arthur Paul. "A Directory of Towns, Villages, and Hamlets Past and Present of Montgomery County, Missouri". Montgonery County Directory. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
- ↑ 15.00 15.01 15.02 15.03 15.04 15.05 15.06 15.07 15.08 15.09 15.10 15.11 15.12 15.13 15.14 15.15 15.16 15.17 15.18 15.19 15.20 15.21 15.22 15.23 15.24 15.25 15.26 15.27 15.28 15.29 15.30 15.31 15.32 Baker, Ronald L. (October 1995). From Needmore to Prosperity: Hoosier Place Names in Folklore and History. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-32866-3.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 "Montana Place Names Companion". Montana Place Names From Alzada to Zortman. Montana Historical Society Research Center. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- ↑ "Shumla, Texas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ Cauble Smith, Julia. "Shumla, TX". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
- ↑ 19.00 19.01 19.02 19.03 19.04 19.05 19.06 19.07 19.08 19.09 19.10 19.11 19.12 19.13 19.14 19.15 19.16 19.17 19.18 19.19 19.20 19.21 19.22 19.23 19.24 19.25 19.26 19.27 19.28 19.29 19.30 19.31 19.32 19.33 19.34 19.35 19.36 19.37 19.38 19.39 19.40 19.41 19.42 19.43 Callary, Edward (October 2009). Place Names of Illinois. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-03356-8.
- ↑ 20.00 20.01 20.02 20.03 20.04 20.05 20.06 20.07 20.08 20.09 20.10 20.11 20.12 20.13 20.14 20.15 20.16 20.17 20.18 20.19 20.20 20.21 20.22 20.23 20.24 20.25 20.26 20.27 20.28 20.29 20.30 20.31 20.32 20.33 20.34 20.35 20.36 20.37 20.38 20.39 20.40 20.41 20.42 20.43 20.44 20.45 20.46 20.47 20.48 20.49 20.50 20.51 20.52 20.53 20.54 20.55 20.56 20.57 20.58 20.59 20.60 20.61 Upham, W. (1920). Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance, v. 17. Minnesota Historical Society.
- ↑ "Alma, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ 22.00 22.01 22.02 22.03 22.04 22.05 22.06 22.07 22.08 22.09 22.10 22.11 22.12 22.13 22.14 22.15 22.16 22.17 22.18 22.19 22.20 22.21 22.22 22.23 22.24 22.25 22.26 22.27 22.28 22.29 22.30 22.31 22.32 22.33 22.34 22.35 22.36 22.37 22.38 22.39 22.40 22.41 22.42 22.43 22.44 22.45 22.46 22.47 Williams, Mary Ann Barnes (1966). Origins of North Dakota Place Names. Bismarck, ND: Bismarck Tribune.
- ↑ 23.00 23.01 23.02 23.03 23.04 23.05 23.06 23.07 23.08 23.09 23.10 23.11 23.12 23.13 23.14 23.15 23.16 23.17 Gard, Ropbert E. (2015). The Romance of Wisconsin Place Names. Wisconsin Historical Society. ISBN 9780870207082.
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- ↑ "Ayr, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ "Brampton, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ "Brantford, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ Wick, Douglas A. (1989). North Dakota Place Names. Prairie House. p. 39. ISBN 9780911007114.
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- ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 Boone, Lalia Phipps (1988). Idaho place names : a geographical dictionary. Moscow, Idaho: University of Idaho Press. ISBN 0893011193.
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- ↑ 49.00 49.01 49.02 49.03 49.04 49.05 49.06 49.07 49.08 49.09 49.10 49.11 49.12 Savage, Tom (2007). A Dictionary of Iowa Place-Names (revised ed.). University of Iowa Press. ISBN 9781587297595.
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- ↑ Poling, Dean (October 12, 2009). "What does Valdosta mean?". The Valdosta Daily Times. Archived from the original on July 19, 2012. Retrieved May 24, 2021.
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- ↑ "Mandalay, La". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ "Nijmegen, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ "Venlo, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ "Kongsberg, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ "Portobello, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ "Battle, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
- ↑ "Beenham, New Mexico". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior.
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- ↑ Carthage, Mississippi
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