List of World War I aces credited with 9 victories

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An imperious young man in Greek naval uniform
Aristeidis Moraitinis carried out the first naval-air operation in history in 1913.
See also: Flying ace, Aerial victory standards of World War I, and Aviation in World War I

The term ace (now commonly flying ace) was first used by French newspapers during World War I, describing Adolphe Pégoud as l'as ('the ace'), after he downed five German aircraft. When aircraft began to shoot or force down other aircraft, systems to count "air victories" were subsequently developed. The American qualification of five victories eventually became the standard, even though other air services had previously used differing figures.[1]

While "ace" status was most often won by fighter pilots, bomber and reconnaissance crews, and observers in two-seater aircraft such as the Bristol F.2b ("Bristol Fighter"), also destroyed enemy aircraft. If a two-seater aircraft destroyed an aircraft, both crew members were credited with a victory. Because pilots usually teamed with differing observer/gunners in two-seater aircraft, an observer might be an ace when his pilot was not, and vice versa.[2] The few aces among combat aviators have historically accounted for the majority of air-to-air victories in military history.[3]

Loss of records by mischance and the passage of time complicates reconstructing the actual count for given aces. The scores presented in the list cannot be definitive, but are based on itemized lists that are the best available sources of information.[4] Aces are listed after verifying the date and location of combat, and the foe vanquished, for every victory accredited by an aviator's home air service using their own aerial victory standards. Those victories for which the evidence is unavailable or fragmentary have been excluded from the victory count.

Aces

This list is complete. Notable aces are linked to their biographies.   This along with the symbolic sword †, indicates that the pilot was known to be either killed in action, missing in action, died of wounds, or killed in a flying accident during World War I.

Name Country Air service(s) Victories
Cyril John Agelasto File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force[lower-alpha 1] 9[5]
Ernst Freiherr von Althaus File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6][page needed]
Charles Arnison File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Paul Frank Baer File:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg United States Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service 9[8][page needed]
Harold H. Balfour File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Gottfried Freiherr von Banfield File:Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867–1918).svg Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 9[5][page needed]
William Thomas Barnes File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Air Force 9[5]
Walter Beales File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Rex George Bennett† File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Arno Benzler File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
James Binnie File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Fernand Bonneton File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
John Denis Breakey File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Konrad Brendle File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Alexandre Bretillon File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Frederick Britnell File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
William Henry Brown File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
George William Bulmer File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Francis Dominic Casey File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service 9[7]
Thomas Cassady File:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg United States Aéronautique Militaire, United States Army Air Service 9[8]
Leonard Arthur Christian File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Arthur Coadou File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Théophile Henri Condemine File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Eric Douglas Cummings File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Australian Flying Corps 9[7]
Donald Cunnell File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[7]
Hector Daniel File:Red Ensign of South Africa (1912-1951).svg South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, South African Air Force 9[7]
George Darvill File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Richard Dawes File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Roger Del'Haye File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force 9[7]
Marcel Marc Dhome File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Albert Dietlen File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
George Dixon File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Gustave Douchy File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
René Dousinelle File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
John Doyle File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Christopher Draper File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Arthur Thomas Drinkwater File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Otto Fitzner File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
James Henry Forman File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Frederick Gordon File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Robert MacIntyre Gordon File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Acheson Goulding File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force 9[7]
William Edward Green File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
George Hackwill File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
James Hardman File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Friedrich Huffzky File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Frederick Hunt File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Air Force 9[7]
Otto Jindra File:Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867–1918).svg Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen, Czech Air Force 9[5]
Reginald Johns File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Norman Cyril Jones File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Georg Kenzian File:Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867–1918).svg Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 9[5]
Harold Spencer Kerby File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Leslie Walter King File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Francis Kitto File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Herbert Knappe File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Egon Koepsch File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Fritz Kosmahl File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Walter Kypke File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Georges Lachmann File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Helmut Lange File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Jens Frederick Larsen File:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg United States Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[8]
Charles Lavers File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
George V. Learmond File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Gustav Leffers File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
James Leith Leith File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Selden Long File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Cyril Lowe File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Norman Macmillan File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Herbert Mahn File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Cecil Marchant File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Jean Matton File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Ronald Mauduit File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Reginald Maxwell File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
John Sutholand McDonald File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Christopher McEvoy File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
David MacKay McGoun File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Horace Merritt File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
John Theobald Milne File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[7]
Eberhard Mohnicke File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Basil Moody File:Red Ensign of South Africa (1912-1951).svg South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Aristeidis Moraitinis File:State flag of Greece (1863–1924;1935–73).svg Greece Hellenic Naval Air Service, Royal Naval Air Service 9[9]
Hans Karl Müller File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Richard Burnard Munday File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Charles Napier File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Giovanni Nicelli File:Flag of Italy (1861–1946).svg Italy Corpo Aeronautico Militare 9[5]
Ernest Norton File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Arthur Noss File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[5]
Conn Standish O'Grady File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[7]
Samuel Parry File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Karl Pech File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Henri Albert Péronneau File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Edmond Pierce File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Frank Ransley File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Valentine Reed File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[5]
William Reed File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
George Reid File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
William Wendell Rogers File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Willi Rosenstein File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Herbert Rowley File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Ernest James Salter File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Karl Schattauer File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Adolf Schulte File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte 9[6]
Joseph Siddall File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Charles Sims File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Arthur Solly File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[7]
Anthony Spence File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Grigoriy Suk File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia Imperial Army Air Service 9[5]
Mathieu Tenant de la Tour File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Louis Mark Thompson File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Ronald Thornely File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Frederick Dudley Travers File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Ronald William Turner File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[5]
Ferdinand Udvardy File:Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867–1918).svg Austria-Hungary Luftfahrtruppen 9[5]
Marcel Vialet File:Flag of France.svg France Aéronautique Militaire 9[8]
Guy Wareing File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Kenneth Bowman Watson File:Canadian Red Ensign (1868–1921).svg Canada Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Albert Edward Wear File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps 9[5]
Georg Weiner File:Flag of the German Empire.svg German Empire Luftstreitkräfte, Luftwaffe 9[6]
Thomas Williams File:Red Ensign of South Africa (1912-1951).svg South Africa Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Alec Williamson File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force 9[7]
Chester Wright File:Flag of the United States (1912-1959).svg United States United States Army Air Service 9[8]

Notes

  1. ↑ In 1918 the Royal Flying Corps and Royal Navy Air Service were combined to form the Royal Air Force

References

  1. ↑ Maksel, Rebecca (7 April 2008). "What does it take to become an "ace"?". Need to Know. Air & Space Magazine. Retrieved 20 October 2009.[dead link‍]
  2. ↑ Franks, Bailey & Guest 1993, p. 10
  3. ↑ Dunnigan 2003, p. 149
  4. ↑ Shores, Franks & Guest 1990, p. 7
  5. ↑ 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 5.17 5.18 5.19 Franks, Guest and Alegi (1997)
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 6.17 6.18 6.19 Franks, Bailey and Russell (1993).
  7. ↑ 7.00 7.01 7.02 7.03 7.04 7.05 7.06 7.07 7.08 7.09 7.10 7.11 7.12 7.13 7.14 7.15 7.16 7.17 7.18 7.19 7.20 7.21 7.22 7.23 7.24 7.25 7.26 7.27 7.28 7.29 7.30 7.31 7.32 7.33 7.34 7.35 7.36 7.37 7.38 7.39 7.40 7.41 7.42 7.43 7.44 7.45 7.46 7.47 7.48 7.49 7.50 7.51 7.52 7.53 7.54 7.55 7.56 7.57 7.58 7.59 7.60 7.61 7.62 7.63 Shores, Franks, Guest (1990).
  8. ↑ 8.00 8.01 8.02 8.03 8.04 8.05 8.06 8.07 8.08 8.09 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 8.14 8.15 Franks, Bailey. (1992)
  9. ↑ "Bombing of Constantinople". Flight. Vol. 9, no. 47. 22 November 1917. p. 1220.


Bibliography

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  • Durkota, Allen; Darcey, Thomas; Kulikov, Victor (1995). The Imperial Russian Air Service: Famous Pilots and Aircraft of World War I. Mountain View: Flying Machines Press. ISBN 978-0-060090-12-8.
  • Franks, Norman; Bailey, Frank W.; Guest, Russell (1993). Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps, 1914–1918. Oxford: Grub Street. ISBN 978-0-948817-73-1.
  • Franks, Norman (2005). Sopwith Pup Aces of World War I. Aircraft of the Aces, No. 67. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-841768-86-1.
  • Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory (1997). Above the War Fronts: The British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914–1918. Oxford: Grub Street. ISBN 978-1-898697-56-5.
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  • Guttman, Jon (2001). Spad VII Aces of World War I. Aircraft of the Aces, No. 39. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-841762-22-7.
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