National data protection authority
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There are several national data protection authorities across the world, tasked with protecting information privacy. In the European Union and the EFTA member countries, their status was formalized by the Data Protection Directive[1] and they were involved in the Madrid Resolution. This project is a part of the work of the International Law Commission of the United Nations.
Authorities by group of states
- On the European level, it is the G29 and the European Data Protection Supervisor (EDPS). The process was backed in 2005 by the Council of Europe, during the World Summit on the Information Society (Tunis, November 2005), and in 2006/2007 within forums on Internet governance (Athens 2006, Rio 2007).
- On 12 June 2007, OECD issued a recommendation entitled "OECD Recommendation on Cross-border Co-operation in the Enforcement of Laws Protecting Privacy". It aimed to improve national Privacy law enforcement so national authorities can better cooperate with foreign authorities and put in place efficient international mechanisms to ease trans-frontier cooperation for legislation protecting privacy.[2] This recommendation was implemented with the 2010 founding of the Global Privacy Enforcement Network.
- An Ibero-American network of data protection exists. In May 2008, during its 6th meeting, in Colombia, its declaration asking international conferences on data protection and privacy to "pursue their efforts, regardless of their geographical location, in order to adopt common legal instruments".
- Another network is that of the Central and Eastern data protection authority (CEDPA). This network has expressed its will to pursue and strengthen its activities within the CEDPA, notably to elaborate common solutions and assist new members with the establishment of data protection legislation. That was during the June 2008 meeting in Poland.
List of national data protection authorities
European Economic Area
- File:Flag of Austria.svg Austria: Austrian Data Protection Authority (German: Datenschutzbehörde)
- File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Belgium: Belgian Data Protection Authority (Dutch: Gegevensbeschermingsautoriteit (GBA), French: Autorité de protection des données (APD), German: Datenschutzbehörde), also known as APD-GBA
- File:Flag of Bulgaria.svg Bulgaria: Bulgarian Data Protection Authority (Bulgarian: Комисия за защита на личните данни)
- File:Flag of Cyprus.svg Cyprus: Office of the Commissioner for Personal Data Protection (Greek: Γραφείο Επιτρόπου Προστασίας Δεδομένων Προσωπικού Χαρακτήρα)
- File:Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Czech Republic: Office for Personal Data Protection (Czech: Úřad pro ochranu osobních údajů (ÚOOÚ))
- File:Flag of Denmark.svg Denmark: Danish Data Protection Agency (Danish: Datatilsynet)
- File:Flag of Estonia.svg Estonia: Estonian Data Protection Inspectorate (Estonian: Andmekaitse Inspektsioon)
- File:Flag of Finland.svg Finland: Office of the Data Protection Ombudsman (Finnish: Tietosuojavaltuutetun toimisto)
- File:Flag of France.svg France: Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés (lit. 'National Commission on Informatics and Liberty'), also known as CNIL
- File:Flag of Germany.svg Germany: Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (German: Bundesbeauftragter für den Datenschutz und die Informationsfreiheit (BfDI))
- Note: Competent supervisory authorities for the enforcement of data protection in the private sector are the respective state authorities.[3]
- File:Flag of Greece.svg Greece: Hellenic Data Protection Authority (Greek: Αρχή Προστασίας Δεδομένων Προσωπικού Χαρακτήρα), also known as HDPA
- File:Flag of Hungary.svg Hungary: Hungarian National Authority for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (Hungarian: Nemzeti Adatvédelmi és Információszabadság Hatóság (NAIH))
- File:Flag of Iceland.svg Iceland: Data Protection Authority (Icelandic: Persónuvernd)
- File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland: Data Protection Commissioner (Irish: An Coimisinéir Cosanta Sonraí), also known as DPC
- File:Flag of Italy.svg Italy: Italian Data Protection Authority (Italian: Garante per la Protezione dei Dati Personali), also known as Italian DPA
- File:Flag of Latvia.svg Latvia: Data State Inspectorate (Latvian: Datu valsts inspekcija, Russian: Государственная инспекция данных)
- File:Flag of Liechtenstein.svg Liechtenstein: Datenschutzstelle
- File:Flag of Lithuania.svg Lithuania: State Data Protection Inspectorate (Lithuanian: Valstybinė duomenų apsaugos inspekcija (VDAI))
- File:Flag of Luxembourg.svg Luxembourg: National Commission for Data Protection (German: Nationale Kommission für den Datenschutz, French: Commission nationale pour la protection des données), also known as CNPD
- File:Flag of Malta.svg Malta: Office of the Information and Data Protection Commissioner, also known as IDPC
- File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands: Dutch Data Protection Authority (Dutch: Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens (AP))
- File:Flag of Norway.svg Norway: Norwegian Data Protection Authority (Norwegian: Datatilsynet)
- File:Flag of Poland.svg Poland: Polish Data Protection Commissioner (Polish: Urząd Ochrony Danych Osobowych (UODO))
- File:Flag of Portugal.svg Portugal: National Commission Data Protection (Portuguese: Comissão Nacional de Proteção de Dados (CNPD)), also known as NCDP
- File:Flag of Romania.svg Romania: National Authority for the Supervision of Personal Data Processing (Romanian: Autoritatea Naţională de Supraveghere a Prelucrării Datelor cu Caracter Personal), also known as ANSPDCP
- File:Flag of Slovakia.svg Slovakia: Office for Personal Data Protection of the Slovak Republic (Slovak: Úrad na ochranu osobných údajov Slovenskej republiky)
- File:Flag of Slovenia.svg Slovenia: Information Commissioner of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Republika Slovenija Informacijski pooblaščenec)
- File:Flag of Spain.svg Spain: Spanish Data Protection Agency (Spanish: Agencia Española de Protección de Datos (AEPD))
- File:Flag of Andalucía.svg Andalusia: Transparency and Data Protection Council of Andalusia (Spanish: Consejo de Transparencia y Protección de Datos de Andalucía)
- File:Flag of the Basque Country.svg Basque Country: Basque Data Protection Authority (Basque: Datuak Babesteko Euskal Bulegoa, Spanish: Agencia Vasca de Protección de Datos)
- File:Flag of Catalonia.svg Catalonia: Catalan Data Protection Authority (Catalan: Autoritat Catalana de Protecció de Dades (APDCAT))
- File:Flag of Sweden.svg Sweden: Swedish Data Protection Authority (Swedish: Datainspektionen), also known as Swedish DPA
- File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom: Information Commissioner's Office, also known as ICO
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Europe
- File:Flag of Albania.svg Albania: Information and Data Protection Commissioner (IDP) (Komisionerit për të Drejtën e Informimit dhe Mbrojtjen e të Dhënave Personale (KDIMDP))
- File:Flag of Andorra.svg Andorra: Data Protection Agency of Andorra (Catalan: Agència Andorrana de Protecció de Dades (APDA))
- File:Flag of Croatia.svg Croatia: Croatian Personal Data Protection Agency (Croatian: Agencija za zaštitu osobnih podataka (AZOP))
- File:Flag of Georgia.svg Georgia: Personal Data Protection Service (Georgian: პერსონალურ მონაცემთა დაცვის სამსახური)
- File:Flag of Guernsey.svg Guernsey: Data Protection Office
- File:Flag of North Macedonia.svg North Macedonia: Directorate for Personal Data Protection (Macedonian: Дирекција за заштита на лични податоци)
- File:Flag of the Isle of Man.svg Isle of Man: Office of the Data Protection Supervisor
- File:Flag of Monaco.svg Monaco: Commission de contrôle des informations nominatives (lit. 'Personal Data Control Board'), also known as CCIN
- File:Flag of Russia.svg Russia: Federal Service for Supervision in the Sphere of Telecom, Information Technologies and Mass Communications (Roskomnadzor)
- File:Flag of Serbia.svg Serbia: Commissioner for Information of Public Importance and Personal Data Protection (Serbian: Повереник за информације од јавног значаја и заштиту података о личности)
- File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland: Federal Data Protection and Information Commissioner (German: Eidgenössischer Datenschutz- und Öffentlichkeitsbeauftragter (EDÖB), French: Préposé fédéral à la protection des données et à la transparence (PFPDT), Italian: Incaricato federale della protezione dei dati e della trasparenza (IFPDT)), also known as FDPIC
- File:Flag of Turkey.svg Turkey: Turkish Data Protection Authority (Turkish: Kişisel Verileri Koruma Kurumu (KVKK))
- File:Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine: Ukrainian Parliament Commissioner for Human Rights (Ukrainian: Уповноважений Верховної Ради України з прав людини)
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Africa
- File:Flag of Angola.svg Angola: Data Protection Agency (Portuguese: Agência de Proteção de Dados), known as APD
- File:Flag of Egypt.svg Egypt: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Ghana.svg Ghana: Data Protection Commission
- File:Flag of Morocco.svg Morocco: Commission nationale de contrôle de la protection des données à caractère personnel (lit. 'National Commission for the Control of the Protection of Personal Data'), also known as CNDP
- File:Flag of Mozambique.svg Mozambique: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Nigeria.svg Nigeria: National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) and Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) provide services regarding data protection.
- File:Flag of Senegal.svg Senegal: Commission de protection des Données Personnelles (lit. 'Commission for the protection of Personal Data'), also known as CDP
- File:Flag of South Africa.svg South Africa: Information Regulator[4]
- File:Flag of Tunisia.svg Tunisia: National Authority for Protection of Personal Data (French: Instance nationale de protection des données personnelles), known as INPDP
- File:Flag of Zimbabwe.svg Zimbabwe: There is currently no data protection authority but the Zimbabwe Media Commission comments on the degree of protection of privacy from public bodies programs.
Asia
- File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China: Cyberspace Administration of China (CAC)
- File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg Hong Kong: Office of the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (PCPD)
- File:Flag of India.svg India: Data Protection Board of India
- File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Indonesia: Personal Data Protection Authority Institute
- File:Flag of Israel.svg Israel: The Privacy Protection Authority (Hebrew: הרשות להגנת הפרטיות)
- File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan: Personal Information Protection Commission (Japan) (PPC)
- File:Flag of Kazakhstan.svg Kazakhstan: Data protection is regulated by the state.
- File:Flag of Macau.svg Macau: Office for Personal Data Protection, known as OPDP
- File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia: There is a Personal Data Protection Commissioner
- File:Flag of Pakistan.svg Pakistan: National Commission for Personal Data Protection
- File:Flag of the Philippines.svg Philippines: National Privacy Commission
- File:Flag of Qatar.svg Qatar: Qatar Ministry of Transport and Communications
- File:Flag of Saudi Arabia.svg Saudi Arabia: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore: A Personal Data Protection Commission is created following the Personal Data Protection Act 2012 (Singapore)
- File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea: Personal Information Protection Commission (South Korea) (PIPC)
- File:Flag of the Republic of China.svg Taiwan: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Thailand.svg Thailand: Office of the Personal Data Protection Committee
- File:Flag of Turkmenistan.svg Turkmenistan: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Uzbekistan.svg Uzbekistan: Regulators for data protection are sector-specific.
Oceania
- File:Flag of Australia (converted).svg Australia: Office of the Australian Information Commissioner
- File:Flag of New Zealand.svg New Zealand: Privacy Commissioner (New Zealand)
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North America
- File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada: Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada (French: Commissariat à la protection de la vie privée du Canada)
- File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico: National Institute of Transparency for Access to Information and Personal Data Protection (Spanish: Instituto Nacional de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información y Protección de Datos Personales (INAI))
- File:Flag of the United States.svg USA: There is no single national authority.
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South America
- File:Flag of Argentina.svg Argentina: Dirección Nacional de Protección de Datos Personales (lit. 'National Directorate for Personal Data Protection'), known as PDP
- File:Flag of Bolivia.svg Bolivia: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil: National Data Protection Authority (ANPD)[5]
- File:Flag of Chile.svg Chile: There is no dedicated authority.
- File:Flag of Colombia.svg Colombia: Superintendency of Industry and Commerce (SIC)
- File:Flag of Peru.svg Peru: Ministerio de Justicia y Derechos Humanos (Perú) (lit. 'Ministry of Justice and Human Rights')
- File:Flag of Uruguay.svg Uruguay: Personal Data Control and Regulatory Unit.
- File:Flag of Venezuela.svg Venezuela: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
Central America
- File:Flag of Costa Rica.svg Costa Rica: Agency for the Protection of Individual's Data (Spanish: Agencia de Protección de datos de los Habitantes), known as PRODHAB
- File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Dominican Republic: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
- File:Flag of Honduras.svg Honduras: National Civil Registry (Spanish: Registro Nacional de las Personas)[6] and Institute for the Access to Public Information (Spanish: Instituto Acceso Informacion Publica)[7]
- File:Flag of Panama.svg Panama: No national authority is responsible for data protection.
See also
General aspects
- Behavioural targeting
- Biometric Information Privacy Act
- CNIL
- Cookies (Internet)
- Data security
- Database
- Digital identity
- Geolocation Privacy and Surveillance Act
- Health data
- Identity (psychology)
- Identity (social science)
- Information leakage
- Information security
- Obfuscation
- On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog
- Passenger name record
- Social web
- User profile
- Violation of privacy
Technical aspects
Legal aspects
References
- ↑ Article 28 of EU directive 95/46/EC
- ↑ OECD Recommendation on Cross-border Co-operation in the Enforcement of Laws Protecting Privacy [1]
- ↑ "Datenschutzaufsichtsbehörden für den nicht-öffentlichen Bereich". www.ldi.nrw.de. Retrieved Oct 15, 2020.
- ↑ "Home l Information Regulator SA".
- ↑ "Brazil's Temer creates data protection agency - official gazette". Reuters. 2018-12-28. Retrieved 2018-12-28.
- ↑ "Home". rnp.hn.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2022-06-17. Retrieved 2022-07-14.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
