New Zealand at the 1988 Summer Olympics

New Zealand at the
1988 Summer Olympics
New Zealand at the; 1988 Summer Olympics
	File:Flag of New Zealand.svg
IOC code	NZL
NOC	New Zealand Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association
Website	www.olympic.org.nz
in Seoul
Competitors	83 (67 men, 16 women) in 16 sports
Flag bearer	Ian Ferguson
Officials	61
Medals; Ranked 18th	Gold 3 Silver 2 Bronze 8 Total 13
Summer Olympics appearances (overview)
	1908; 1912; 1920; 1924; 1928; 1932; 1936; 1948; 1952; 1956; 1960; 1964; 1968; 1972; 1976; 1980; 1984; 1988; 1992; 1996; 2000; 2004; 2008; 2012; 2016; 2020; 2024;
Other related appearances
	File:Flag of Australasian team for Olympic games.svg Australasia (1908–1912)

New Zealand competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. 83 competitors, 67 men and 16 women, took part in 58 events in 16 sports.^[1] In addition, New Zealand sent four women to compete in Taekwondo, which was one of the Olympic Games' demonstration sports. Sports administrator Bruce Ullrich was New Zealand's Chef de Mission, after previously having had that role for the 1982 and 1986 Commonwealth Games.^[2]

Medal tables

Medal	Name	Sport	Event	Date
File:Gold medal icon.svg Gold	Bruce Kendall	Sailing	Men's Division II	27 September
File:Gold medal icon.svg Gold	Ian Ferguson Paul MacDonald	Canoeing	Men's K-2 500 m	30 September
File:Gold medal icon.svg Gold	Mark Todd	Equestrian	Individual eventing	2 October
File:Silver medal icon.svg Silver	Rex Sellers Chris Timms	Sailing	Tornado	27 September
File:Silver medal icon.svg Silver	Ian Ferguson Paul MacDonald	Canoeing	Men's K-2 1000 m	1 October
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	Paul Kingsman	Swimming	Men's 200 m backstroke	22 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	Eric Verdonk	Rowing	Men's single sculls	24 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	George Keys Ian Wright Greg Johnston Chris White Andrew Bird (cox)	Rowing	Men's coxed four	24 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	Lynley Hannen Nikki Payne	Rowing	Women's coxless pair	24 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	Anthony Mosse	Swimming	Men's 200 m butterfly	24 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	John Cutler	Sailing	Men's Finn	27 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	Paul MacDonald	Canoeing	Men's K-1 500 m	30 September
File:Bronze medal icon.svg Bronze	Andrew Bennie Margaret Knighton Tinks Pottinger Mark Todd	Equestrian	Team eventing	2 October

Medals by sport
Sport	File:Gold medal icon.svg	File:Silver medal icon.svg	File:Bronze medal icon.svg	Total
Canoeing	1	1	1	3
Sailing	1	1	1	3
Equestrian	1	0	1	2
Rowing	0	0	3	3
Swimming	0	0	2	2
Total	3	2	8	13

Medals by gender
Gender	File:Gold medal icon.svg	File:Silver medal icon.svg	File:Bronze medal icon.svg	Total
Male	2	1	6	9
Female	0	0	1	1
Mixed / open	1	1	1	3
Total	3	2	8	13

Competitors

The following table lists the number of New Zealand competitors participating at the Games according to gender and sport.^[3]

Sport	Men	Women	Total
Archery	0	1	1
Athletics	2	4	6
Canoeing	7	0	7
Cycling	12	1	13
Equestrian	6	2	8
Fencing	1	0	1
Gymnastics	0	1	1
Judo	2	–	2
Rowing	10	2	12
Sailing	11	2	13
Shooting	4	0	4
Swimming	5	2	7
Table tennis	2	0	2
Tennis	2	1	3
Weightlifting	1	–	1
Wrestling	2	–	2
Total	67	16	83

Archery

New Zealand's 1988 archery team included only one woman, veteran Ann Shurrock.

Athlete	Event	Ranking round						Round 1						Quarterfinal						Semifinal						Final						Total	Rank
Athlete	Event	30 m	50 m	60 m	70 m	Total	Rank	30 m	50 m	60 m	70 m	Total	Rank	30 m	50 m	60 m	70 m	Total	Rank	30 m	50 m	60 m	70 m	Total	Rank	30 m	50 m	60 m	70 m	Total	Rank	Total	Rank
Ann Shurrock	Women's individual	324	293	302	298	1217	36	Did not advance																									36

Athletics

Track and road

Athlete	Event	Heat		Quarterfinal		Semifinal		Final
Athlete	Event	Result	Rank^{[lower-roman 1]}	Result	Rank	Result	Rank	Result	Rank
Anne Audain	Women's 10,000 m	32:10.73	12 q	—				32:10.47	11
John Campbell	Men's marathon	—						2:14:08	12
Christine McMiken	Women's 10,000 m	32:20.39	10	—				did not advance
Lorraine Moller	Women's marathon	—						2:37:52	33
Christine Pfitzinger	Women's 3000 m	9:01.30	9	—				did not advance

↑ Ranks given are within the heat

Combined

Athlete	Event	100 m	Long jump	Shot put	High jump	400 m	110 m hurdles	Discus throw	Pole vault	Javelin throw	1500 m	Overall points	Rank
Simon Poelman	Men's decathlon	11.09 841 pts	7.08 833 pts	14.51 760 pts	2.03 831 pts	49.89 820 pts	14.78 876 pts	43.20 730 pts	4.90 880 pts	57.18 696 pts	4:28.54 754 pts	8021	16

Canoeing

Athlete	Event	Heats		Repechages		Semifinals		Final
Athlete	Event	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Grant Bramwell Brent Clode John McDonald Stephen Richards	Men's K-4 1000 m	3:10.27	5 R	3:11.27	3 Q	3:15.90	4	did not advance
Ian Ferguson Paul MacDonald	Men's K-2 500 m	1:32.32	1 Q	—		1:33.81	1 Q	1:33.98	1st place, gold medalist(s)
Ian Ferguson Paul MacDonald	Men's K-2 1000 m	3:20.44	1 Q	—		3:23.13	1 Q	3:32.71	2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Paul MacDonald	Men's K-1 500 m	1:41.65	2 Q	—		1:43.33	1 Q	1:46.46	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Alan Thompson	Men's K-1 1000 m	3:48.10	4 R	3:46.20	1 Q	3:45.40	4 q	3:56.91	6

Cycling

Thirteen cyclists, twelve men and one woman, represented New Zealand in 1988.

Road

Athlete	Event	Time	Rank
Brian Fowler	Men's individual road race	4:32:56	75
Madonna Harris	Women's individual road race	DNF
Graeme Miller	Men's individual road race	4:32:46	8
Wayne Morgan	Men's individual road race	DNF
Brian Fowler Greg Fraine Paul Leitch Gavin Stevens	Men's team time trial	2:03:48.7	12

Track

Men's 1 km time trial

Athlete	Time	Rank
Tony Graham	1:05.744	7

Men's individual pursuit

Athlete	Qualification		Round 1	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final	Rank
Athlete	Time	Rank	Opposition Time	Opposition Time	Opposition Time	Opposition Time	Rank
Gary Anderson	4:41.83	8	File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Risi (SUI) W 4:41.25	File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Sturgess (GBR) L 4:42.82	did not advance		7

Men's team pursuit

Athlete	Qualification		Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final	Rank
Athlete	Time	Rank	Opposition Time	Opposition Time	Opposition Time	Rank
Craig Connell Nigel Donnelly Andrew Whitford Stuart Williams	4:26.13	14	did not advance			14

Equestrian

Eventing

Rider	Horse	Event	Dressage		Cross-country		Jumping		Overall
Rider	Horse	Event	Points	Rank	Points	Rank	Points	Rank	Points	Rank
Andrew Bennie	Grayshott	Individual	52.20	8	85.60	21	5.00	23	162.80	20
Margaret Knighton	Enterprise	Individual	74.60	36	90.00	24	DNS		DNF
Tinks Pottinger	Volunteer	Individual	65.80	23	0.00	=1	0.00	=1	65.80	5
Mark Todd	Charisma	Individual	37.60	1	0.00	=1	5.00	=11	42.60	1st place, gold medalist(s)
Andrew Bennie Margaret Knighton Tinks Pottinger Mark Todd	As above	Team	155.60	3	85.60	2	30.00	6	271.20	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Jumping

Individual

Athlete	Horse	Qualifying				Final			Rank
Athlete	Horse	Round 1	Round 2	Total points	Rank	Round 1	Round 2	Total faults	Rank
Maurice Beatson	Jeferson Junior	43.50	16.00	59.50	48	did not advance
John Cottle	Ups & Downs	13.50	DNF			did not advance
Mark Todd	Bago	55.00	33.00	88.00	30 Q	12.00	did not advance
Harvey Wilson	Crosby	22.50	19.50	42.00	55	did not advance

Team

Athlete	Horse	Round 1		Round 2		Total	Rank
Athlete	Horse	Faults	Rank	Faults	Rank	Total	Rank
Maurice Beatson Colin McIntosh Mark Todd Harvey Wilson	Jeferson Junior Gigolo Bago Crosby	52.25	12	44.75	10	97.00	12

Fencing

One male fencer represented New Zealand in 1988.

Athlete	Event	Round 1 pool	Quarterfinal pool	Semifinal pool	Final pool	Quarterfinal	Semifinal	Final	Rank
Athlete	Event	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Martin Brill	Men's individual épée	File:Flag of Finland.svg Winter (FIN) L 4 – 5	File:Flag of Germany.svg Pusch (FRG) L 2 – 5	File:Flag of Italy.svg Mazzoni (ITA) W 5 – 3	File:Flag of Italy.svg Pantano (ITA) W 10 – 8	File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Shuvalov (URS) L 3 – 10	did not advance		7
		File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Tyshko (URS) L 0 – 5	File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Ma (CHN) W 5 – 2	File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Dessureault (CAN) W 5 – 3	File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Shuvalov (URS) L 9 – 10
		File:Flag of Austria.svg Birnbaum (AUT) W 5 – 1	File:Flag of Austria.svg Strohmeyer (AUT) W 5 – 4	File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Ma (CHN) W 5 – 2	File:Flag of Germany.svg Gerull (FRG) W 10 – 7
		File:Flag of Aruba.svg Thomas (ARU) W 5 – 0	File:Flag of Argentina (1861–2010).svg Turiace (ARG) W 5 – 4	File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Gaille (SUI) L 4 – 5	File:Civil Ensign of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Gaille (SUI) W 10 – 5
		File:Flag of Hong Kong (1959–1997).svg Tang (HKG) W 5 – 2	—	File:Flag of Brazil (1968-1992).svg Fonseca (BRA) L 4 – 5	File:Flag of Austria.svg Strohmeyer (AUT) W 10 – 7

Gymnastics

Rhythmic

Women's individual all-around

Athlete	Qualifying						Final					Total	Rank
Athlete	Hoop	Rope	Clubs	Ribbon	Total	Rank	Hoop	Ball	Clubs	Ribbon	Total	Total	Rank
Angela Walker	9.200	9.300	9.100	9.350	36.950	=32	did not advance

Judo

Athlete	Event	Elimination pool			Repechage pool		Final	Rank
Athlete	Event	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Brent Cooper	Men's half-lightweight	File:Flag of Senegal.svg Sène (SEN) W	File:Flag of Morocco.svg El-Mamoun (MAR) W	File:Flag of Poland.svg Pawłowski (POL) L	File:Flag of Belgium (civil).svg Laats (BEL) W	File:Flag of Japan (1870-1999).svg Yamamoto (JPN) L	Did not advance	=5
Bill Vincent	Men's middleweight	File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Jani (CAN) W	File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg White (GBR) L	Did not advance				=13

Rowing

Men

Athlete	Event	Heats		Repechage		Semifinals		Final
Athlete	Event	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Eric Verdonk	Single sculls	7:18.69	1 SA/B	Bye		7:11.98	3 FA	6:58.66	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Greg Johnston Chris White Andrew Bird (cox)	Coxed pair	7:22.32	3 SA/B	DNS
Campbell Clayton-Greene Geoff Cotter Bill Coventry Neil Gibson	Coxless four	6:06.75	2 SA/B	Bye		6:06.60	4 FB	6:04.74	7
George Keys Ian Wright Greg Johnston Chris White Andrew Bird (cox)	Coxed four	6:03.35	3 SA/B	Bye		6:10.41	3 FA	6:15.78	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Women

Athlete	Event	Heats		Repechage		Final
Athlete	Event	Time	Rank	Time	Rank	Time	Rank
Nikki Payne Lynley Hannen	Coxless pair	8:02.39	2 R	7:59.93	1 FA	7:35.68	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)

Sailing

New Zealand had thirteen competitors in Seoul; eleven men and two women.^[4]

Athlete	Event	Race							Net points	Final rank
Athlete	Event	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	Net points	Final rank
John Cutler	Men's Finn	15.0	~~16.0~~	8.0	8.0	14.0	0.0	0.0	45.0	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Simon Daubney Tom Dodson (helm) Aran Hansen	Soling	8.0	15.0	13.0	~~22.0~~	5.7	21.0	11.7	74.4	7
Peter Evans (helm) Simon Mander	Men's 470	5.7	14.0	17.0	~~24.0~~	3.0	13.0	10.0	62.7	6
Fiona Galloway (helm) Jan Shearer	Women's 470	~~22.0~~	10.0	17.0	19.0	13.0	13.0	11.7	83.7	9
Murray Jones (helm) Greg Knowles	Flying Dutchman	3.0	0.0	15.0	8.0	18.0	~~20.0~~	16.0	60.0	5
Bruce Kendall	Men's Division II	5.7	5.7	0.0	10.0	14.0	0.0	~~15.0~~	35.4	1st place, gold medalist(s)
Rex Sellers Chris Timms (helm)	Tornado	~~16.0~~	5.7	0.0	8.0	11.7	0.0	10.0	35.4	2nd place, silver medalist(s)

Shooting

Men's 50 m rifle, prone

Athlete	Qualification rounds								Final rounds							Total	Rank
Athlete	Round 1	Round 2	Round 3	Round 4	Round 5	Round 6	Total	Rank	Round 1	Round 2	Round 3	Round 4	Round 5	Round 6	Total	Total	Rank
Stephen Petterson	100	100	99	97	100	100	596	10	did not advance								10

Men's 50 m pistol

Athlete	Qualification rounds								Final	Total	Rank
Athlete	Round 1	Round 2	Round 3	Round 4	Round 5	Round 6	Total	Rank	Final	Total	Rank
Greg Yelavich	91	91	85	91	88	89	535	41	did not advance		41

Mixed skeet

Athlete	Qualification		Semifinal				Final	Total	Rank
Athlete	Score	Rank	Round 1	Round 2	Total	Rank	Final	Total	Rank
John Farrell	137	51	did not advance						51
John Woolley	143	=33	did not advance						=33

Swimming

Athlete	Event	Heat		Final
Athlete	Event	Result	Rank	Result	Rank
Ross Anderson	Men's 100 m freestyle	52.33	36	did not advance
	Men's 100 m butterfly	56.31	25	did not advance
	Men's 200 m butterfly	2:02.40	20	did not advance
Anthony Beks	Men's 100 m breaststroke	1:05.65	39	did not advance
Anthony Beks	Men's 200 m breaststroke	2:27.26	42	did not advance
Sylvia Hume	Women's 100 m backstroke	1:05.81	25	did not advance
Sylvia Hume	Women's 200 m backstroke	2:21.55	21	did not advance
Paul Kingsman	Men's 100 m backstroke	57.80	19	did not advance
Paul Kingsman	Men's 200 m backstroke	2:02.20	7 Q	2:00.48 NR	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Richard Lockhart	Men's 100 m breaststroke	1:06.27	46	did not advance
Richard Lockhart	Men's 200 m breaststroke	2:24.52	36	did not advance
Anthony Mosse	Men's 100 m butterfly	54.63	10 QB	54.63	10
Anthony Mosse	Men's 200 m butterfly	1:58.71	2 Q	1:58.28 NR	3rd place, bronze medalist(s)
Sharon Musson	Women's 100 m backstroke	1:04.58	14 QB	1:04.17	15
Sharon Musson	Women's 200 m backstroke	2:17.47	13 QB	2:16.06	10
Paul Kingsman Anthony Beks Anthony Mosse Ross Anderson	Men's 4 × 100 m medley relay	3:48.93	11	did not advance

Table tennis

Athlete	Event	Pool stage										Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final	Rank
Athlete	Event	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	W	L	Rank	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Barry Griffiths	Men's singles	File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Xu (CHN) L 0 – 3	File:Flag of Germany.svg Böhm (FRG) L 1 – 3	File:Flag of France.svg Birocheau (FRA) W 3 – 2	File:Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg Chih (TPE) L 0 – 3	File:Flag of Indonesia.svg Maringgi (INA) L 2 – 3	File:Flag of Mauritius.svg Hosnani (MRI) W 3 – 1	File:Flag of Sweden.svg Waldner (SWE) L 0 – 3	2	5	7	did not advance
Barry Griffiths Peter Jackson	Men's doubles	File:Flag of Sweden.svg Waldner / Appelgren (SWE) L 0 – 2	File:Flag of Austria.svg Ding / Baer (AUT) W 2 – 0	File:Flag of South Korea (1984-1997).svg Kim / Kim (KOR) L 0 – 2	File:Flag of Germany.svg Böhm / Rebel (FRG) L 0 – 2	File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Douglas / Andrew (GBR) L 0 – 2	File:Flag of the Dominican Republic.svg Álvarez / Fermin (DOM) L 0 – 2	File:Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg Chih / Chih (TPE) L 0 – 2	1	6	8	—	did not advance

Tennis

Athlete	Event	Round of 64	Round of 32	Round of 16	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final	Rank
Athlete	Event	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Belinda Cordwell	Women's singles	File:Flag of the United Kingdom (3-2).svg Gomer (GBR) L 6–4 5–7 2–6	did not advance					=33
Kelly Evernden	Men's singles	File:Flag of SFR Yugoslavia.svg Ivanišević (YUG) W 7–6 6–3 6–3	File:Flag of Israel.svg Mansdorf (ISR) L 4–6 6–3 1–6 5–7	did not advance				=17
Bruce Derlin Kelly Evernden	Men's doubles	—	File:Flag of Argentina (1861–2010).svg Frana / Jaite (ARG) W 6–4 4–1 ret.	File:Flag of Australia.svg Cahill / Fitzgerald (AUS) L 7–6 4–6 2–6 6–3 1–6	did not advance			=9

Weightlifting

Athlete	Event	Snatch		Clean & jerk		Total	Rank
Athlete	Event	Result	Rank	Result	Rank	Total	Rank
Kevin Blake	Men's heavyweight I	NVL		—			DNF

Wrestling

Athlete	Event	Round 1	Round 2	Round 3	Round 4	Round 5	Round 6	Final round	Rank
Athlete	Event	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Brent Hollamby	Men's bantamweight	File:Flag of Panama.svg Meña (PAN) W 12–4	File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg Chen (CHN) L 4–14	Bye	File:Flag of the Mongolian People's Republic (1945–1992).svg Khaltmaa (MGL) L 4–19	Eliminated
Steve Reinsfield	Men's featherweight	File:Flag of East Germany.svg Polky (GDR) L P1	File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg Sarkisyan (URS) L 0–13	Eliminated

Demonstration sports

Taekwondo

Athlete	Event	Quarterfinals	Semifinals	Final	Rank
Athlete	Event	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Opposition Result	Rank
Kirsten Demanser	Women's finweight	File:Flag of Chinese Taipei for Olympic games.svg Chin (TPE) L SUP	did not advance		=5
Rosemary Wilson	Women's featherweight	File:Flag of Spain.svg Dolls (ESP) L PTS	did not advance		=5
Bronwyn Wilson	Women's middlerweight	File:Flag of South Korea (1984-1997).svg Kim (KOR) L SUP	did not advance		=5
Susan Graham	Women's heavyweight	File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Franssen (CAN) L PTS	did not advance		=5

References

↑ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "New Zealand at the 1988 Seoul Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
↑ "Bruce Ullrich". University of Canterbury. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
↑ New Zealand at the 1988 Summer Olympics
↑ Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "New Zealand Sailing at the 1992 Barcelona Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2017.

[4] Ranks given are within the heat

[sports-reference-1] Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "New Zealand at the 1988 Seoul Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 6 May 2017.

[Ullrich_bio-2] "Bruce Ullrich". University of Canterbury. Retrieved 5 May 2017.

[3] New Zealand at the 1988 Summer Olympics

[5] Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "New Zealand Sailing at the 1992 Barcelona Summer Games". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 17 April 2020. Retrieved 10 May 2017.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[lower-roman 1]

[4]

v t e File:Olympic rings without rims.svg National Olympic Committees at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea
Africa	Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Ivory Coast Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Sierra Leone Somalia Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe
America	Antigua-Barbuda Argentina Aruba Bahamas Barbados Belize Bermuda Bolivia Brazil British Virgin Islands Canada Cayman Islands Chile Colombia Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Guyana Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Netherlands Antilles Panama Paraguay Peru Puerto Rico Saint Vincent-Grenadines Suriname Trinidad-Tobago United States Uruguay Venezuela Virgin Islands
Asia	Afghanistan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Burma China Hong Kong India Indonesia Iran Iraq Japan Jordan South Korea Kuwait Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Nepal Oman Pakistan Philippines Qatar Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Chinese Taipei Thailand United Arab Emirates Vietnam North Yemen South Yemen
Europe	Andorra Austria Belgium Bulgaria Cyprus Czechoslovakia Denmark Finland France East Germany West Germany Great Britain Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Israel Italy Liechtenstein Luxembourg Malta Monaco Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania San Marino Soviet Union Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Yugoslavia
Oceania	American Samoa Australia Cook Islands Fiji Guam New Zealand Papua New Guinea Solomon Islands Tonga Vanuatu Western Samoa