Viceregal eponyms in Canada

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In Canada, a number of sites and structures are named for Governors General of the country, the Canadian monarch's representative in the country.

Governors and Governors General of New France (1627–1760)

Samuel de Champlain

File:Samuel-de-champlain-s.jpg
Samuel de Champlain (1627–1635)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Maine ME (U.S. state)
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Champlain Bridge, Montréal
  • HMCS Champlain
  • Boulevard Champlain, Quebec City[4]
  • Avenue Champlain, Saint-Hyacinthe[5]
  • Avenue Champlain, Shawinigan[6]
  • Avenue Champlain, Rouyn-Noranda[7]
  • Avenue Champlain, Pointe-Claire[8]
  • Avenue Champlain, Val-d'Or[9]
  • Boulevard Champlain, Candiac[10]
  • Avenue Champlain, Baie-Comeau[11]
  • Avenue Champlain, Mont-Joli[12]
  • Avenue Champlain, Chertsey[13]
  • Avenue Champlain, Disraeli[14]
  • Avenue Champlain, Venise-en-Québec[15]
  • Avenue Champlain, Saint-Armand[16]
  • Avenue Champlain, Hemmingford[17]
  • Avenue Champlain, Courcelles[18]

Charles de Montmagny

File:CharlesHuaultMontmagny.jpg
Charles de Montmagny (1635–1648)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Quebec QC

Louis d'Ailleboust de Coulonge

File:Louis d'Ailleboust de Coulonge (neutralisé).jpg
Louis d'Ailleboust de Coulonge (1648–1651)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Quebec QC

The Comte de Frontenac et de Palluau

File:Portrait of Louis de Buade, Count of Frontenac.jpg
Louis de Buade de Frontenac (1672–1682, 1689–1698)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Rue Frontenac, Montreal, Quebec

Vaudreuil family

File:Philippe de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil.jpg
File:Marquis de Vaudreuil.jpg
Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil (1703–1725)
or
Pierre François de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil-Cavagnal (1755–1760)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
Quebec QC

The Marquis de Beauharnois

File:Marquis de Beauharnois.jpg
Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois (1725–1747)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Quebec QC

The Marquis de la Jonquière

File:Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière.jpg
Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière, Marquis de la Jonquière (1749–1752)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Quebec QC
Saskatchewan SK

Governors and Governors General of Canada (1760–1867)

Sir Jeffery Amherst

File:Joshua Reynolds-Sir Jeffrey Amherst.jpg
Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst (1760–1763)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Rue Amherst, Montréal (renamed Rue Atateken in 2019)[30]
Nunavut NU

The Lord Dorchester

File:Guy Carleton.jpg
Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester (1768–1778, 1786–1796)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Prince Edward Island PEI
Quebec QC

Sir Frederick Haldimand

File:Sir Frederick Haldimand by Sir Joshua Reynolds.jpg
Frederick Haldimand (1778–1786)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
Prince Edward Island PEI

Robert Prescott

File:GG-Robert Prescott.jpg
Robert Prescott (1796–1799)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

Sir George Prévost

File:GG-George Prevost.jpg
George Prévost (1812–1815)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
  • HMS Wolfe (launched in Kingston) was called HMS Sir George Prevost before its launch in 1813.

Sir Gordon Drummond

File:Gordon Drummond.jpg
Gordon Drummond (1815–1816)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
Ontario ON
Quebec QC

Sir John Coape Sherbrooke

File:SirJohnSherbrookeByRobertField.jpg
John Coape Sherbrooke (1816–1818)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
Nova Scotia NS
Quebec QC

The Duke of Richmond

File:Fort Lennox Charles Lennox.jpg
Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond (1818–1819)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Quebec QC

The Earl of Dalhousie

File:George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie, from the National Gallery of Canada.jpg
George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie (1820–1828)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON

Sir James Kempt

File:Sir James Kempt by William Salter cropped.jpg
James Kempt (1828–1830)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON

The Lord Aylmer

File:GG-Matthew Whitworth-Aylmer.jpg
Matthew Whitworth-Aylmer, 5th Baron Aylmer (1830–1835)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
Quebec QC

The Earl of Gosford

File:Archibald Earl of Gosford. (BM 1853,0112.2138) (cropped).jpg
Archibald Acheson, 2nd Earl of Gosford (1835–1837)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Quebec QC

Sir John Colborne

File:John Colborne.jpg
John Colborne, 1st Baron Seaton (1837–1838)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

The Lord Sydenham

File:Lord Sydenham.jpg
Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham (1839–1841)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

Sir Charles Metcalfe

File:Charles Theophilus Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe by George Chinnery.jpg
Charles Metcalfe, 1st Baron Metcalfe (1843–1845)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
Quebec QC

The Earl of Elgin and Kincardine

File:James Bruce, Lord Elgin - Theophile Hamel.JPG
James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin (1847–1854)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
Ontario ON

Sir Edmund Walker Head

File:GG-Edmund Walker Head.jpg
Sir Edmund Walker Head, 8th Baronet (1854–1861)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB

Governors General of Canada (since 1867)

The Viscount Monck

File:Charles Stanley Monck.png
Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck (1867–1869)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

The Lord Lisgar

File:John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar.png
John Young, 1st Baron Lisgar (1869–1872)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

The Earl of Dufferin

File:O'CONNOR(1880) p4.635 HON. EARL DUFFERIN K.C.B..jpg
Frederick Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 1st Marquess of Dufferin and Ava (1872–1878)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
British Columbia BC
Manitoba MB
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Dufferin Street, Quebec City[74]
  • Terrasse Dufferin, Quebec City[74]

Marquess of Lorne

File:Lorne.jpg
John Campbell, 9th Duke of Argyll (1878–1883)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Manitoba MB
New Brunswick NB
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Prince Edward Island PEI
Yukon YK

The Marquess of Lansdowne

File:Marquess of Lansdowne crop.jpg
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne (1883–1888)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
British Columbia BC
Manitoba MB
New Brunswick NB
  • Lansdowne Street, Fredericton[80]
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Lansdowne Street, Quebec City[80]
Yukon YK

The Lord Stanley of Preston

File:Lord Stanley of Preston.jpg
Frederick Stanley, 16th Earl of Derby (1888–1893)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
British Columbia BC
New Brunswick NB
Nova Scotia NS
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Rue Stanley, Montréal[82]
  • the Stanley Cup, a trophy presented to the winning team of the National Hockey League annually[85]

The Earl of Aberdeen

File:John Hamilton Gordon Earl of Aberdeen 1884.jpg
John Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair (1893–1898)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
British Columbia BC
New Brunswick NB
Ontario ON
  • Aberdeen Street, Hamilton[87]
  • Aberdeen Street, Kingston[87]
  • Aberdeen Street, Sarnia[87]
  • Aberdeen Street, Toronto[87]
Quebec QC
Saskatchewan SK

The Earl of Minto

File:Fourth Earl of Minto.jpg
Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto (1898–1904)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
British Columbia BC
  • Minto Street, Vancouver
Manitoba MB
New Brunswick NB
Ontario ON
  • Minto Place, Ottawa[89]
  • Minto Street, Toronto[89]
  • the Minto Cup, a trophy presented annually to the champion junior men's lacrosse team in Canada[94]

The Earl Grey

File:Portrait of Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey.jpg
Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey (1904–1911)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Newfoundland and Labrador NL
Saskatchewan SK
  • the Grey Cup, a trophy presented annually to the champion of the Canadian Football League[96]

The Duke of Connaught and Strathearn

The Duke of Devonshire

File:GG Duke of Devonshire.jpg
Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire (1916–1921)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
  • Devonshire Cup, a trophy presented to the champion of the Canadian Senior Golf Association[97]
  • Duke of Devonshire Trophy, awarded by the Ottawa Horticultural Society to its highest scoring exhibitor[97]

The Lord Byng of Vimy

File:Lord-byng.jpg
Julian Byng, 1st Viscount Byng of Vimy (1921–1926)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
British Columbia BC
Manitoba MB
Ontario ON
Quebec QC

The Viscount Willingdon

File:Willingdon1.JPG
Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of Willingdon (1926–1931)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
British Columbia BC
  • the Willingdon Cup, presented annually to the champion of the Royal Canadian Golf Association[102]

The Earl of Bessborough

File:Lord Bessborough, sir Vere Brabazon Ponsonby, 9e comte de Bessborough, devant un escalier.jpg
Vere Ponsonby, 9th Earl of Bessborough (1931–1935)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
British Columbia BC
New Brunswick NB
Saskatchewan SK

The Lord Tweedsmuir

File:John Buchan.jpg
John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir (1935–1940)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
British Columbia BC

The Earl of Athlone

File:Earlofathlone.jpg
Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (1940–1946)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
Newfoundland and Labrador NL
Quebec QC
  • Chemin Athlone, Mount-Royal[111]

The Viscount Alexander of Tunis

File:Harold Alexander E010750678-v8.jpg
Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis (1946–1952)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
Manitoba MB
Ontario ON

Vincent Massey

File:Vincent Massey 1927.jpg
Vincent Massey (1952–1959)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Manitoba MB
Ontario ON
  • Vincent Massey Memorial Centre Ice Skating Rink, Bewdley
Quebec QC
  • Rue Vincent-Massey, Quebec City[113]
  • Rue Vincent-Massey, Laval[114]
  • Rue Vincent-Massey, Trois-Rivières[115]
  • Rue Vincent-Massey, Beloeil[116]
  • Chemin Vincent-Massey, Rawdon[117]
Saskatchewan SK

Georges Vanier

File:GG-Vanier.jpg
Georges Vanier (1959–1967)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
British Columbia BC
Ontario ON
Quebec QC
  • Vanier, a city that merged into Quebec City in 2002[122]
  • Parc Georges-Vanier, Shawinigan[123]
  • Georges-Vanier, a station on the Montreal Metro[124]
  • Boulevard Georges-Vanier, Montréal[125]
  • Rue Georges-Vanier, Laval[126]
  • Rue Georges-Vanier, Gatineau[127]
  • Rue Georges-Vanier, Saguenay[128]
  • Rue Georges-Vanier, Shawinigan[129]
  • Rue Georges-Vanier, Thetford Mines[130]
  • Rue Georges-Vanier, Beauharnois[131]
  • the Vanier Cup, a trophy awarded annually to the university football champion[132]
  • Georges Vanier Scholarship[133]

Roland Michener

File:Governor General Roland Michener at Alma College graduation ceremonies 1972 (crop).jpg
Roland Michener (1967–1974)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Alberta AB
Ontario ON

Jules Léger

Jules Léger (1974–1979)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
  • Jules Léger Library, Lester B. Pearson Building, Ottawa[138]
Quebec QC
  • Lac Jules-Léger[139]
  • Parc Jules-Léger, Châteauguay[140]
  • Parc Jules-Léger, Saint-Anicet[141]
  • Rue Jules-Léger, Montréal[142]
  • Rue Jules-Léger, Gatineau[143]
  • Rue Jules-Léger, Trois-Rivières[144]
  • Rue Jules-Léger, Boucherville[145]
  • Rue Jules-Léger, Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville[146]
  • the Jules and Gabrielle Léger Fellowship, after Léger and his wife Gabrielle[147]

Edward Schreyer

File:Ed Schreyer (3).jpg
Edward Schreyer (1979–1984)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
  • Edward Schreyer Fellowship, University of Toronto[148]

Jeanne Sauvé

File:Jeanne Sauve 1987 crop (cropped).jpg
Jeanne Sauvé (1984–1990)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Manitoba MB
Quebec QC
  • Bourassa-Sauvé (electoral riding) in Montreal
  • Parc Jeanne-Sauvé, Montréal[150]
  • Parc Jeanne-Sauvé, Saint-Charles-Borromée[151]
  • Jeanne Sauvé Cup, awarded to the Canadian Ringette champions[152]
  • Jeanne Sauvé Fair Play Award[152]
  • Jeanne Sauvé Trophy, world championship for women's field hockey[152]
  • Rue Jeanne-Sauvé, Québec[153]
  • Rue Jeanne-Sauvé, Sherbrooke[154]
  • Rue Jeanne-Sauvé, Saint-Bruno-de-Montarville[155]
  • Rue Jeanne-Sauvé, Saint-Charles-Borromée[156]

Ray Hnatyshyn

Ray Hnatyshyn (1990–1995)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings

Roméo LeBlanc

Roméo LeBlanc (1995–1999)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
New Brunswick NB
  • LeBlanc Park, Memramcook[159]

Adrienne Clarkson

File:GG-Adrienne Clarkson2.jpg
Adrienne Clarkson (1999–2005)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
  • the Clarkson Cup, a trophy awarded to the champion of the National Canadian Women's Hockey Championship[161]

Michaëlle Jean

File:Michaëlle Jean 1 11072007.jpg
Michaëlle Jean (2005–2010)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

David Johnston

File:David Johnston 2011-12-01.jpg
David Johnston (2010–2016)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures and other objects Schools Buildings
Ontario ON
  • David Johnston International Experience Awards, University of Waterloo[164]
  • David Johnston Research and Technology Park, Waterloo[165]

Julie Payette

File:Julie Payette 2017.jpg
Julie Payette (2017–2021)
Region Geographic locations Civil structures Schools Buildings
Ontario ON

Lieutenant governors

British Columbia

New Brunswick

Newfoundland and Labrador

Nova Scotia

Prince Edward Island

See also

Notes

  1. Hamilton (1978, p. 291) identifies the elder Vaudreuil as the town's namesake.
  2. Previously, there was also a street named when Dorchester Boulevard. The square received its name when the street was renamed Boulevard René-Lévesque.[36]
  3. The town takes its name from the old Drummond Parish, which was named for the Governor General.[41]
  4. The identity of this town's namesake is disputed. Carolyn Harris, in The Canadian Encyclopedia, identifies the Governor General as the namesake.[80] Hamilton (1978, pp. 183–184), however, suggests that the namesake is his ancestor, the 2nd Marquess.
  5. The identity of this mountain's namesake is disputed. Carolyn Harris, in The Canadian Encyclopedia, identifies the Governor General as the peak's namesake.[82] The official database for geographical names in British Columbia, however, identifies Stanley H. Mitchell, an official of the Alpine Club of Canada, as the mountain's namesake.[83]
  6. The identity of this town's namesake is disputed. Carolyn Harris, in The Canadian Encyclopedia, identifies the Governor General as the town's namesake.[82] Hamilton (1978, p. 102), however, identifies his father, who was the British Prime Minister, as the town's namesake.
  7. Named for the town[173]

References

  1. "History of Acadia National Park". OhRanger.com. APN Media, LLC. 2013. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
  2. Hamilton 1978, p. 236.
  3. Marsh, James H. (January 23, 2014). "Lake Champlain". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
  4. "Fiche descriptive".
  5. "Fiche descriptive".
  6. "Fiche descriptive".
  7. "Fiche descriptive".
  8. "Fiche descriptive".
  9. "Fiche descriptive".
  10. "Fiche descriptive".
  11. "Fiche descriptive".
  12. "Fiche descriptive".
  13. "Fiche descriptive".
  14. "Fiche descriptive".
  15. "Fiche descriptive".
  16. "Fiche descriptive".
  17. "Fiche descriptive".
  18. "Fiche descriptive".
  19. Hamilton 1978, p. 260.
  20. Hamilton 1978, p. 239.
  21. Marsh, James H.; Dale, Ronald J. (March 4, 2015). "Fort Frontenac". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
  22. Sabourin, Diane (March 13, 2015). "Château Frontenac". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
  23. 23.0 23.1 Hamilton 1996, p. 106.
  24. Hamilton 1978, pp. 229–230.
  25. Boyko, John (July 27, 2020). "Charles de Beauharnois de La Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 25, 2021.
  26. Hamilton 1978, p. 249.
  27. Hamilton 1978, p. 130.
  28. 28.0 28.1 28.2 Hamilton 1978, p. 158.
  29. School History[dead link]
  30. Sutherland, Stuart (June 21, 2019). "Jeffery Amherst, 1st Baron Amherst". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 26, 2021.
  31. 31.0 31.1 Hamilton 1996, p. 69.
  32. Hamilton 1978, p. 138.
  33. Hamilton 1978, p. 171.
  34. Extant Commissioned Ships – HMCS Carleton. The Canadian Forces website. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  35. 35.0 35.1 35.2 Hamilton 1996, p. 437.
  36. "FROM THE ARCHIVE: Montreal to rename Dorchester Blvd. after Levesque". Montreal Gazette. January 5, 2007. Archived from the original on June 28, 2011. Retrieved May 26, 2021.
  37. "Haldimand History". Rootsweb Ancestry. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  38. Hamilton 1996, p. 453.
  39. Hamilton 1978, p. 198.
  40. Prescott County Genweb. Rootsweb Ancestry. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  41. Hamilton 1996, p. 70.
  42. Hamilton 1978, p. 241.
  43. Hamilton 1978, p. 148.
  44. Hamilton 1978, p. 287.
  45. Larsen, Wayne (January 29, 2007). "A celebration of Sherbrooke Street". Westmount Examiner. Retrieved February 28, 2011.
  46. Hamilton 1996, p. 392.
  47. Hamilton 1978, p. 200.
  48. "Richmond Hill, Ontario (Canada)". crwflags.com. 2008-06-07. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  49. Hamilton 1978, p. 255.
  50. Hamilton 1978, p. 268.
  51. "Fort Lennox, third fortification on Isle aux noix". Fort Lennox National Historic Site. Parks Canada. March 8, 2018. Retrieved May 26, 2021.
  52. Community Profile: Dalhousie, New Brunswick. ePodunk. 2007. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  53. History & Tradition at the Dalhousie University website. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  54. 54.0 54.1 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.5 Hamilton 1996, p. 341.
  55. Rideau Canal Waterway
  56. Hamilton 1978, p. 160.
  57. History of Aylmer. Aylmer & District Museum. 2002, revised 2006. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  58. Port Colborne official website
  59. Community Profile: Sydenham, Ontario. ePodunk. 2007. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  60. Hamilton 1978, p. 206.
  61. Hamilton 1996, p. 72.
  62. Hamilton 1996, p. 120.
  63. Hamilton 1978, p. 172.
  64. Hamilton 1978, pp. 181–182.
  65. Port Elgin: History. sunsets.com. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  66. Townships and parishes in Madawaska County – Edmundston also known as Petit-Sault, or Little Falls. The Upper St. John River Valley website. 2007-01-10. Retrieved 2011-02-28.
  67. Ontario Plaque for Monck Road
  68. "Lisgar" at heritagemississauga.com
  69. Finnigan, Joan (1993). Lisgar Collegiate Institute: 1843-1993. Ottawa: Lisgar Alumni Association. p. 6. ISBN 096972540X. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  70. 70.0 70.1 "Dufferin Island". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  71. Countess of Dufferin at the Winnipeg Railway Museum website
  72. Hamilton 1996, p. 383.
  73. About Dufferin
  74. 74.0 74.1 74.2 Harris, Carolyn (September 22, 2017). "Lord Dufferin". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  75. 75.0 75.1 Harris, Carolyn (August 31, 2017). "John Douglas Sutherland Campbell, Marquess of Lorne". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  76. 76.0 76.1 Hamilton 1996, p. 95.
  77. 77.0 77.1 77.2 Hamilton 1996, p. 351.
  78. LPSS Matters
  79. Hamilton 1996, p. 462.
  80. 80.00 80.01 80.02 80.03 80.04 80.05 80.06 80.07 80.08 80.09 80.10 80.11 80.12 80.13 Harris, Carolyn (April 30, 2019). "The Marquess of Lansdowne, Governor General of Canada". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 1, 2021.
  81. Lansdowne Park Heritage Brief, p. 12.
  82. 82.0 82.1 82.2 82.3 82.4 Harris, Carolyn (March 16, 2020). "Lord Stanley". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
  83. "Stanley Peak". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  84. Fergusson, Charles Bruce (1974) [1967]. Place Names and Places of the Province of Nova Scotia (Facisimile ed.). Belleville, Ont.: Mika Publishing Company. p. 643. ISBN 0-919302-90-4. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
  85. Ottawa Journal article of dinner at Backcheck website. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  86. 86.0 86.1 "Aberdeen Lake". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
  87. 87.0 87.1 87.2 87.3 Harris, Carolyn (October 4, 2017). "John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, Earl of Aberdeen". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
  88. History of Lansdowne Park
  89. 89.0 89.1 89.2 89.3 89.4 Harris, Carolyn (March 9, 2020). "Gilbert John Murray Kynynmond Elliot, 4th Earl of Minto". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
  90. Discover Minnedosa!
  91. Hamilton 1978, p. 95.
  92. About Lady Minto at the Lady Minto Hospital website
  93. The Earl of Minto at canadahistory.com
  94. Minto Cup at the Canadian Lacrosse Association website
  95. Earl Grey website (History section)
  96. "Grey Cup History Timeline 1900". Archived from the original on 2012-09-22. Retrieved 2015-01-18.
  97. 97.0 97.1 97.2 Harris, Carolyn (March 29, 2019). "Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 2, 2021.
  98. Place Names of Alberta: Published for the Geographic Board by the Department of the Interior. Ottawa: F.C. Acland. 1928. p. 27. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  99. "Mount Byng". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  100. Harris, Carolyn (January 13, 2021). "Viscount Byng of Vimy". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  101. "Lady Byng Memorial Trophy". Archived from the original on 2007-08-06. Retrieved 2007-08-20.
  102. Rubenstein, Lorne (March 4, 2015). "Golf". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  103. "2003 Top Ten Endangered Sites" at heritagevancouver.com
  104. "Buchan Creek". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  105. "Buchan Inlet". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  106. History of Tweedsmuir South Provincial Park
  107. "Tweedsmuir Park". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  108. "Tweedsmuir Peak". BC Geographical Names. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  109. From the neighbourhood description in the City of Edmonton map utility.
  110. Harris, Carolyn (September 20, 2017). "Alexander Cambridge, Earl of Athlone". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved June 3, 2021.
  111. "Fiche descriptive".
  112. History of Massey College
  113. "Fiche descriptive".
  114. "Fiche descriptive".
  115. "Fiche descriptive".
  116. "Fiche descriptive".
  117. "Fiche descriptive".
  118. Lucht, Bernie. "Ideas: The CBC Massey Lectures". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  119. Dana Lynch (2008-10-22). "Vanier Park Overview". About.com. Retrieved 2010-12-15.
  120. Hamilton 1978, p. 209.
  121. School histories: Georges Vanier Catholic School Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine.
  122. Hamilton 1978, p. 291.
  123. "Fiche descriptive".
  124. Origin of the name
  125. "Fiche descriptive".
  126. "Fiche descriptive".
  127. "Fiche descriptive".
  128. "Fiche descriptive".
  129. "Fiche descriptive".
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