Passerina

This article is about the bird genus. For the plant genus, see Passerina (plant). For the Italian wine grape, see Passerina (grape). For the bird species, see Chipping sparrow.

Passerina
File:PaintedBunting23.jpg
Painted bunting (Passerina ciris)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Cardinalidae
Genus:	Passerina Vieillot, 1816
Type species
Tanagra cyanea Linnaeus, 1766
Species
See text
Synonyms
Guiraca Linaria Bartram, 1791

The genus Passerina is a group of birds in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). Although not directly related to buntings in the family Emberizidae, they are sometimes known as the North American buntings (the North American Emberizidae are colloquially called "sparrows" although they are also not closely related to these birds). The males show vivid colors in the breeding season; the plumage of females and immature birds is duller. These birds go through two molts in a year; the males are generally less colorful in winter. They have short tails and short slim legs. They have smaller bills than other Cardinalidae; they mainly eat seeds in winter and insects in summer. The blue grosbeak (P. caerulea) was once placed in the monotypic genus, Guiraca.

Taxonomy and list of species

The genus Passerina was introduced by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot in 1816. The type species was designated in 1840 as the indigo bunting (Passerina cyanea) by the English zoologist George Robert Gray. The genus name is from the Latin passerinus meaning "sparrow-like". The genus contains 7 species:

Genus – seven species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Blue grosbeak File:Blue Grosbeak (1).jpg Male {{{image-alt2}}} Female	Passerina caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) Seven subspecies P. c. caerulea (Linnaeus, 1758) P. c. interfusa (Dwight & Griscom, 1927) P. c. salicaria (Grinnell, 1911) P. c. eurhyncha (Coues, 1874) P. c. chiapensis (Nelson, 1898) P. c. deltarhyncha (Van Rossem, 1938) P. c. lazula (Lesson, R, 1842)	southern half of the United States and much of northern Mexico, migrating south to Central America and in very small numbers to northern South America; the southernmost record comes from eastern Ecuador. Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Indigo bunting File:Indigo Bunting by Dan Pancamo 4.jpg Male {{{image-alt2}}} Female	Passerina cyanea (Linnaeus, 1766)	southern Canada to northern Florida during the breeding season, and from southern Florida to northern South America during the winter. Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Lazuli bunting File:Lazuli Bunting (42190002124).jpg Male {{{image-alt2}}} Female	Passerina amoena (Say, 1822)	southern Canada to northern Texas, central New Mexico and Arizona, and southern California. Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Varied bunting File:Passerina versicolor, Patagonia Lake, Arizona 1.jpg Male {{{image-alt2}}} Female	Passerina versicolor (Bonaparte, 1838)	Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in the United States south throughout Mexico as far as Oaxaca Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Painted bunting File:Passerina ciris-20090208.jpg Male {{{image-alt2}}} Female	Passerina ciris (Linnaeus, 1758) Two subspecies P. c. ciris – (Linnaeus, 1758) P. c. pallidior – Mearns, 1911	southern Arizona, southern New Mexico, southern and eastern Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, northern Florida, coastal Georgia, the southern coast and inland waterways such as the Santee River of South Carolina and northern Mexico. Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC
Rose-bellied bunting File:Rose-bellied Bunting - Chiapas - Mexico S4E8298 (23703263002).jpg Male	Passerina rositae (Lawrence, 1874)	Isthmus of Tehuantepec in the Mexican states of Oaxaca and Chiapas Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	NT
Orange-breasted bunting File:Orange Breasted Butnin.jpg Male	Passerina leclancherii (Lafresnaye, 1840)	Mexico Map of range	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC